Sleep architecture and factors associated with sleep bruxism diagnosis scored by polysomnography recordings: a case-control study

Sleep architecture and factors associated with sleep bruxism diagnosis scored by polysomnography recordings: a case-control study:

Publication date: Available online 19 February 2020

Source: Archives of Oral Biology

Author(s): Thiago Azario de Holanda, Clarissa Delpizo Castagno, Fabiola Jardim Barbon, Yuri Martins Costa, Marília Leão Goettems, Noéli Boscato

Abstract

Objective

This study evaluated the association between the diagnosis of sleep bruxism (SB), scored by way of polysomnographic (PSG) recordings, clinical conditions and sleep architecture.

Design

A case-control study was conducted. All records from adults who had undergone polysomnography (PSG) recordings at a private medical outpatient clinic between January 2015 and December 2017 were reviewed. The sample included 58 bruxers (case group) and 58 non-bruxers (control group), identified based on the PSG recording and matched by sex and age.

Results

Obese individuals had significantly lower chance (OR 0.18; 95% CI: 0.05-0.62; P = 0.005) of an SB diagnosis than individuals with normal BMI. Alcohol consumption significantly increased (OR 2.74; 95% CI: 1.11-6.78; P = 0.029) and OSA decreased the chances (OR 0.55; 95% CI: 0.23-1.30; P = 0.173) of an SB diagnosis. Bruxers had a significantly shorter wake time after sleep onset (WASO) (p = 0.002). As far as non-rapid eye movement (NREM) is concerned, the duration of stage N1 was statistically shorter (p = 0.034) and the duration of stage N3 was statistically longer (p = 0.001) in bruxers. Arousals (p = 0.013), arousals per hour (p = 0.009), respiratory disturbance index (RDI) values (p < 0.0005) and the apnoea-hypopnea index (AHI) (p = 0.002) were all lower in bruxers than in non-bruxers.

Conclusion

The results of this study support a significant association between SB diagnosis, BMI and alcohol consumption. SB modified the sleep architecture as statistically significant differences were found between bruxers and non-bruxers for WASO, NREM stage N1 and N3, arousals, arousals per hour, RDI and AHI.