The authors review accumulating evidence pointing out that programmed cell death pathways, including apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis, play key roles in ultimate fates of auditory hair cells, when cells suffer adverse factors. These three forms of PCD may jointly decide occurrence of hearing loss. Abstract Programmed cell death (PCD)—apoptosis, autophagy and programmed necrosis—is any pathological form of cell death mediated by intracellular processes. Ototoxic drugs, ageing and noise exposure...
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Progesterone promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation by transcriptional activation of YAP. Abstract Objectives The mechanisms responsible for the postnatal loss of mammalian cardiac regenerative capacity are not fully elucidated. The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of progesterone in cardiac regeneration and explore underlying mechanism. Materials and Methods Effect of progesterone on cardiomyocyte proliferation was analysed by immunofluorescent staining. RNA sequencing...
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Ion products released from 45S5 Bioglass can significantly enhance cell membrane fluidity, showing a faster fluorescence recovery rate in the bleached area. As the fluidity of the cell membrane increases, the signal transduction and cell recognition processes on the cell membrane are accelerated, leading to increased cell migration and differentiation, even membrane‐related apoptosis. Abstract Objectives Silicate bioactive glass (BG) has been widely demonstrated to stimulate both of...
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Working model for SAM‐mediated modulation of autophagy. SAM is an essential metabolite that acts as a high‐energy methyl donor for most methylation modifications of non‐histone, histone, DNA and RNA, which epigenetically affect autophagic flux. Moreover, SAM is the biosynthetic precursor for HCY and cysteine and other sulphur‐containing metabolites such as GSH. All of these roles significantly contribute to the modulation of autophagy. In addition, the SAM metabolite SPD has also been shown to...
5d
KDM2B prevents delay in dissociation of PCNA from chromatin during S phase via proper H3K79 demethylation. The timely destabilization of interaction between PCNA and replication origins caused by chromatin recruitment of KDM2B can contribute to replication fork progression and regulate DNA synthesis speed, leading to unperturbed cell cycle. Abstract Objectives The level of histone H3 lysine 79 methylation is regulated by the cell cycle and involved in cell proliferation. KDM2B is an H3K79...
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N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification in human cancer. m6A modification is a dynamic and reversible process. m6A methylation is catalysed by methyltransferase complexes (writers), reversed by demethylases (erasers) and functionally facilitated by m6A‐binding proteins (readers). m6A methylation participates in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Abstract N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification, first discovered in 1974, is the most prevalent, abundant and penetrating messenger RNA (mRNA)...
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Proposed model illustrates that PRKAR2B‐HIF1α loop promotes aerobic glycolysis and tumour growth in prostate cancer. On the one hand, HIF1α is a key transcription factor responsible for inducing PRKAR2B expression in prostate cancer. On the other hand, PRKAR2B was able to increase the expression level of HIF1α. Abstract Objectives Reprogramming of cellular metabolism is profoundly implicated in tumorigenesis and can be exploited to cancer treatment. Cancer cells are known for their propensity...
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Cancer cells communicate mutually with tumour microenvironment (TME) cells via extracellular vesicles (EVs). Cancer cells secrete miRNAs into EVs that are subsequently taken up by TME cells in which miRNAs promote a tumour‐supportive phenotype. Cancer cells also receive exogenous miRNAs from TME cell–derived EVs to support tumour growth. This bidirectional signalling results in tumour progression and metastasis. Abstract Cells utilize different means of inter‐cellular communication...
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Nanotextured silk fibroin (SF)‐chondroitin sulphate (CS)/hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanowire membrane with biphasic structure and desired mechanical performances due to β‐sheet formation was prepared to enhance chondrogenic/osteogenic bi‐directional differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro and facilitate osteochondral repair in vivo. Abstract Objectives Articular cartilage plays a vital role in bearing and buffering. Injured cartilage and subchondral bone repair...
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Through cell lineage‐tracing experiments, we have revealed that Gli1‐CreERT2 can be used to identify a subpopulation of periosteal progenitor cells in vivo that persistently reside in periosteum and contribute to osteochondral elements during fracture repair. TGF‐β signalling is continually activated in the reparative Gli1+ periosteal cells and regulates their proliferation and chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation, which is essential for normal fracture healing. Abstract Objectives...
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Klf3 mRNA is expressed ubiquitously during early mouse embryo development. However, KLF3 protein is only expressed in 8‐cell and morula stages. Interestingly, a subset of embryonic stem cells express high level of KLF3 protein, which upregulates numerous 8‐cell‐embryo activated genes. Abstract Objectives Mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) culture contains various heterogeneous populations, which serve as excellent models to study gene regulation in early embryo development. The heterogeneity...
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Schematic diagram depicting the role of ‘miR‐22‐HDAC6‐α‐tubulin (de)acetylation’ signalling axis in fibrotic cataract. miR‐22‐3p, which represses HDAC6 expression post‐transcriptionally and thereby promotes α‐tubulin acetylation, is downregulated during lens fibrosis. The ‘miR‐22‐HDAC6‐α‐tubulin (de)acetylation’ signalling axis regulates LECs proliferation, migration and EMT, the fundamental pathogenic processes trigging fibrotic cataract. Abstract Objectives Fibrotic cataract, including...
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Summary of DNA and histone‐modifying drugs. (a) DNA drugs mainly include three types: covalent binding agents, groove binders and insertion binders. (b) Histone drugs. Histone acetylation can be drugged via two families of proteins: HDACs and HATs. Amongst the HDAC inhibitors (HDACi), hydroxamates are the most widely used. Hydroxamates, such as TSA, panobinostat and SAHA, mainly function through the non‐covalent chelation of Zn2+ at the active site of HDACs. Together with the metabolic regulation...
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HIF‐1α is a transcription factor that regulates HO‐1 gene expression, and HO‐1 facilitates mitochondrial fusion (Mfn1 and Mfn2) and inhibits mitochondrial fission (Drp1 and Fis1), which maintains mitochondrial homeostasis. Under diabetic conditions, kidney tissues are in hypoxia, which induces the expression of HIF‐1α through an impaired compensatory response. However, tubular‐specific deletion of HIF‐1α in the kidneys of diabetic mice exaggerated the mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS accumulation...
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Mechanical force in vivo induced periodontal ligament stem cell proliferation, which was accompanied with inflammatory cytokine accumulation, osteoclast differentiation and TRPV4 activation. The activation of TRPV4 in PDLSCs under mechanical force contributes to the changes in their stem cell characteristics including clonogenicity, proliferation, multipotent differentiation, and immunoregulation and modulates bone remodelling during tooth movement. Abstract Objectives Mechanical force...
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T‐LAK cell‐originated protein kinase (TOPK) is a Novel Prognostic and Therapeutic Target in Chordoma
High TOPK expression significantly correlated with metastasis, recurrence, disease status, and shorter overall survival. Inhibition of TOPK with specific inhibitor OTS514 significantly inhibited chordoma cell growth and proliferation, colony‐forming capacity, and ex vivo spheroid growth. These results indicate TOPK as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for chordoma. Abstract Objectives To assess the expression, prognostic value, and functionality of T‐lymphokine‐activated...
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Interleukin‐4‐loaded Ca‐enriched gellan gum hydrogel scaffold could transform macrophages from the proinflammatory M1 phenotype into the anti‐inflammatory M2 phenotype. And reduced BMSCs apoptosis caused by M1 macrophages secreted TNF‐α. And M2 phenotype macrophages accelerate bone regeneration via improving osteogenic differentiation capacity of BMSCs by triggering TGF‐β1/Smad signalling pathway. Abstract Objective Tissue engineering is a promising strategy for repair of large bone defect....
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Ubiquitin‐specific protease 1 (USP1) is significantly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). High expression of USP1 predicts poor survival of HCC patients. In general, USP1 functions together with its cofactor WD repeat domain 48 (WDR48). Here, we find that WDR48 shows positive correlation with USP1 in HCC. Ninety‐eight coexpressed genes are mainly involved in the cell cycle, aldosterone synthesis and secretion and oestrogen signalling pathways. USP1 interacts with WDR48 in MHCC97H and...
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Calcium oxalate crystals deposition causes renal inflammatory pyroptosis and may be protected by H3 relaxin via action on receptor RXFP‐1. Abstract Objectives Calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals can activate inflammatory cytokines by triggering inflammasomes, which cause damage to the adhered epithelium, a dysfunctional microenvironment and even renal failure. However, a comprehensive and in‐depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying the effects of these crystals on damage and cytokine...
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Dysregulation of cell cycle has been implicated in the progression of malignant cancer, but the precise functional contributions are uncertain. In this issue, Li et al show that EIF1AX inhibits the transcription of critical cell‐cycle regulator p21 in a p53‐independent way and then promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis through promoting the G1/S transition in cell cycle. Abstract Objective Dysregulation of the cell cycle is associated with the progression of malignant...
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Neural stem cells (NSC) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) maintain genomic stability in vitro during early passages, irrespective of whether they were genetically engineered using zinc finger nucleases (ZFN) or not. However, prolonged passaging both of non‐modified or ZFN‐modified clonal NSC sublines leads to acquisition of duplication of the entire long arm of chromosome 1 [dup(1)q]. This aberration increases the proliferation of hiPSC‐NSC in vitro which is most likely...
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Publication date: Available online 13 October 2020Source: Cellular SignallingAuthor(s): Aisling McFall, Stuart A. Nicklin, Lorraine M. Work
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Jian Zhao, Lin Cui, Jing Sun, Zhouliang Xie, Leilei Zhang, Zhiwei Ding, Xiaoqiang Quan
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Natalie M. Landry, Ian M.C. Dixon
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Akhil Kotwal, Sreedhar Amere Subbarao
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Mikaela M. Tremblay, Tomye Ollinger, Jon C.D. Houtman
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Florentina Negoita, Magdalena Vavakova, Johanna Säll, Jurga Laurencikiene, Olga Göransson
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Ling Zhang, Xiannan Meng, Dongmei Li, Xiaodong Han
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Wei Wang, Li Zhou, Jinshu Wang, Xinzhong Zhang, Gang Liu
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Chiachen Chen, Michael S. Lan
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Paresh Prajapati, Dhruv Gohel, Anjali Shinde, Milton Roy, Kritarth Singh, Rajesh Singh
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Brent Wilkinson, Marcelo P. Coba
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Dilpreet Kaur Dhiman, Sankar Nath Sanyal, Vivek Vaish
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Han Zhang, Xiufang Zou, Feng Liu
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Jismon Jose, Swarup Roy Choudhury
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Julia Etich, Mirko Rehberg, Beate Eckes, Gerhard Sengle, Oliver Semler, Frank Zaucke
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Caglar Gök, William Fuller
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Alice Main, William Fuller, George S. Baillie
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): A. Pashova, L.M. Work, S.A. Nicklin
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Gergely Imre
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Dylan O'Toole, Ali Abdullah I. Zaeri, Stuart A. Nicklin, Anne T. French, Christopher M. Loughrey, Tamara P. Martin
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Publication date: December 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 76Author(s): Sen Han, Tao Zhu, Shizhen Ding, Jianqiang Wen, Zhijie Lin, Guotao Lu, Yu Zhang, Weiming Xiao, Yanbing Ding, Xiaoqin Jia, Huabiao Chen, Weijuan Gong
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Mehdi Hooshmandi, Calvin Wong, Arkady Khoutorsky
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Grazia Visci, Doron Tolomeo, Antonio Agostini, Debora Traversa, Gemma Macchia, Clelia Tiziana Storlazzi
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Liang Zhang, Yuncui Wu, Jing Wu, Meng Zhou, Dapeng Li, Xiaofeng Wan, Fuquan Jin, Yani Wang, Wei Lin, Xiaojun Zha, Yehai Liu
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Yuan Gu, Xin Wang, Yu Wang, Yebin Wang, Jie Li, Fa-Xing Yu
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Ko Suzuki, Takuya Honda, Aki Akatsu, Noritaka Yamaguchi, Naoto Yamaguchi
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Neha Bunkar, Jahnavi Sharma, Anju Chouksey, Roshani Kumari, Pushpendra Kumar Gupta, Rajnarayan Tiwari, Lalit Lodhi, Rupesh Kumar Srivastava, Arpit Bhargava, Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Antero Salminen, Kai Kaarniranta, Anu Kauppinen
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Ji Li, Wei Ye, Wenqin Xu, Tianfang Chang, Luning Zhang, Jiyuan Ma, Rui Pei, Mengmei He, Jian Zhou
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Yinyin Wang, Sihan Liu, Guancheng Jiang, Wanli Zhai, Liu Yang, Mengdi Li, Zhijie Chang, Bingtao Zhu
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Daniel J. Atwood, Carolyn N. Brown, Sara J. Holditch, Deepak Pokhrel, Andrew Thorburn, Katharina Hopp, Charles L. Edelstein
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Alejandro Alvarez-Arce, Irene Lee-Rivera, Edith López, Ana María López-Colomé
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Faris Almutairi, Jae-Kyung Lee, Balázs Rada
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The role and mechanism of action of RNF186 in colorectal cancer through negative regulation of NF-κB
Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Yizhong Ji, Xucan Tu, Xiuqi Hu, Zhenglin Wang, Sifan Gao, Qifan Zhang, Wei Zhang, Huabing Zhang, Wei Chen
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Shan Mi, Jianyang Du, Jie Liu, Kuiyuan Hou, Hang Ji, Shuai Ma, Yixu Ba, Lei Chen, Rui Xie, Shaoshan Hu
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Azfar Jamal, Atahar Husein, Chhagan Bihari, Vijay Kumar
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Stuart R. Green, Rasha Al-Attar, Andrew E. McKechnie, Samantha Naidoo, Kenneth B. Storey
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Karim Nagi, Suneet Kaur, Yushi Bai, Sudha K. Shenoy
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Jing-jing Ji, Ling-lin Qian, Yi Zhu, Yan-ping Wu, Jia-qi Guo, Gen-shan Ma, Yu-yu Yao
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Bo Hou, Yankun Li, Xue Li, Congying Zhang, Zhonghua Zhao, Qi Chen, Nong Zhang, Hui Li
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Umamaheswari Natarajan, Thiagarajan Venkatesan, Sivanesan Dhandayuthapani, Priya Dondapatti, Appu Rathinavelu
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Min Li, Chao Quan, Shuai Chen, Hong Yu Wang
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Jun Chen, Ze-Bing Huang, Cheng-Jin Liao, Xing-Wang Hu, Sha-Ling Li, Min Qi, Xue-Gong Fan, Yan Huang
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Xin Cai, Huannan Wang, Maochang Wang, Dexiu Wang, Zhen Zhang, Ruotong Wei, Xiang Gao, Rumin Zhang, Chunmei Wang, Jing Chen
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Jiajie Guo, Ziyi Wang, Yao Weng, Haoze Yuan, Kaya Yoshida, Mika Ikegame, Kenta Uchibe, Hiroshi Kamioka, Kazuhiko Ochiai, Hirohiko Okamura, Lihong Qiu
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): K.D. Rysenkova, P.S. Klimovich, A.A. Shmakova, M.N. Karagyaur, K.A. Ivanova, N.A. Aleksandrushkina, V.A. Tkachuk, K.A. Rubina, E.V. Semina
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Dat P. Ha, Amy S. Lee
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Layla Al-Mansoori, Hend Al-Jaber, Aisha Y. Madani, Nayef A. Mazloum, Abdelali Agouni, Manjunath Ramanjaneya, Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra, Mohamed A. Elrayess
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Can Hu, Ge Zhou, Kun Liu, Wenjun Yin, Lingyun Zhou, Jianglin Wang, Linhua Chen, Shanru Zuo, Yueliang Xie, Xiaocong Zuo
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Shichen Xu, Xian Cheng, Liying Wu, Jiangxia Zheng, Xiaowen Wang, Jing Wu, Huixin Yu, Jiandong Bao, Li Zhang
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Avishek Halder, Kamalendra Yadav, Aanchal Aggarwal, Nitin Singhal, Rajat Sandhir
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Huan Yang, Hongtao Shen, Jing Li, Kristin I. Stanford, Lian-Wang Guo
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Michael S. Balzer
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): J. Deal, D.J. Pleshinger, S.C. Johnson, S.J. Leavesley, T.C. Rich
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Yingying Han, Arnaud Huard, Javier Mora, Priscila da Silva, Bernhard Brüne, Andreas Weigert
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): E. Charla, J. Mercer, P. Maffia, S.A. Nicklin
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Beate Heissig, Yousef Salama, Satoshi Takahashi, Taro Osada, Koichi Hattori
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): Maria C. Rocha-Granados, Blesing Zenick, Hanna E. Englander, Wendy W.K. Mok
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Publication date: November 2020Source: Cellular Signalling, Volume 75Author(s): J. William O. Ballard, Samuel G. Towarnicki
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Publication date: Available online 9 October 2020Source: Cellular SignallingAuthor(s): Yan Wang, Tianfu Dong, Peishun Wang, Shuqin Li, Geng Wu, Jun Zhou, Zhiqi Wang
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Publication date: Available online 8 October 2020Source: Cellular SignallingAuthor(s): Fatmah Alghamdi, Yazeed Alshuweishi, Ian P. Salt
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Publication date: Available online 7 October 2020Source: Cellular SignallingAuthor(s): David R. Adams, Susan Pyne, Nigel J. Pyne
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Publication date: Available online 7 October 2020Source: Cellular SignallingAuthor(s): Matthew R. Zeglinski, David J. Granville
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Publication date: Available online 6 October 2020Source: Cellular SignallingAuthor(s): Xin Zhang, Can Hu, Yu-Pei Yuan, Zhen-Guo Ma, Qi-Zhu Tang
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Publication date: Available online 30 September 2020Source: Cellular SignallingAuthor(s): Bin Yang, Ri-Sheng Liang, Xi-Yao Wu, Yao-Jing Lin
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During oxidative stress, transfer RNA (tRNA) is cleaved at the anticodon via angiogenin to generate 35–45 nt long tiRNAs. This process regulates protein translation. Rashad et al. show a noncanonical form of tRNA cleavage, occurring away from the anticodon and is angiogenin in dependent. This noncanonical cleavage is in‐part regulated by tRNA methylation (via Alkbh1). Moreover, they show an important role of mitochondrial stress in regulating canonical and noncanonical tRNA cleavage. Abstract...
20h
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel is involved in the differentiation of several types of epithelia. In this study, we found that TRPV4 is in the nuclei of undifferentiated Madin‐Darby canine kidney renal epithelial cells. The specific activation of the channel increases cytoplasmic as well as nuclear Ca2+ and translocates the channel out of the nucleus together with β‐catenin. Thus, TRPV4 is a β‐catenin binding protein that regulates its nuclear localization and inhibits...
20h
Taken together, changes in the formation, activation, and trafficking of the GALR2 may promote the GALR2/NPYY1R heteroreceptor complexes formation in the ventral hippocampus. It may induce a transformation of cell proliferation towards a neuronal lineage by enhancement of the MAP ERK 1/2 pathway. This effect may be linked with the antidepressant‐like response observed upon cotreatment with GAL and the NPYY1R agonist. Abstract A need for new antidepressants is necessary since traditional...
20h
Glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) is a downstream target gene of miR‐1696. MiRNA‐1696 (mRNA‐1696) participates in regulating reactive oxygen species level and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation by targeting GPx3. The mRNA‐1696/GPx3 axis was involved in NETs formation via regulating phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase/AKT and mitogen‐activated protein kinases pathways. Abstract As an important immune mechanism of neutrophils, the release of Web‐like chromatin structures known as neutrophil...
20h
Exosomal noncoding RNAs secreted from osteosarcoma cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and their differentiated cells can induce and enhance the proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistance of nonmalignant osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cells. They promote the formation of capillaries and invasion of vascular endothelial cells and accelerate the growth of osteosarcoma. In addition, some exosomes play an inhibitory role. Abstract Clinically, it is difficult to efficaciously screen...
20h
Abstract Random‐pattern skin flaps are widely applied to rebuild and restore soft‐tissue damage in reconstructive surgery; however, ischemia and subsequent ischemia‐reperfusion injury lead to flap necrosis and are major complications. Exenatide, a glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analog, exerts therapeutic benefits for diabetic wounds, cardiac injury, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Furthermore, Exenatide is a known activator of autophagy, which is a complex process of subcellular degradation that...
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Our study revealed an important role of CircCDH13 in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. Silencing of CircCDH13 could reduce chondrocyte apoptosis, inhibit extracellular matrix (ECM) catabolism, and promote ECM anabolism through the miR‐296‐3p–phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) pathway. It provides a potential target for developing effective interventions in treating OA. Abstract Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in a variety of human diseases; however, the function of circRNAs in osteoarthritis...
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Tripartite motif‐containing 4 (TRIM4), an ubiquitin (Ub)‐ligase E3, downregulates transient receptor potential melastatin member 8 (TRPM8) via K423‐mediated TRPM8 ubiquitination and that it requires UBA1 to regulate TRPM8. Abstract Transient receptor potential melastatin member 8 (TRPM8), a Ca2+‐permeable nonselective cation channel activated by cold and cooling agents, mediates allodynia. Dysfunction or abnormal expression of TRPM8 has been found in several human cancers. The role of ubiquitination...
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This review systematically investigate all available evidence from in vivo and ex vivo studies in which acute or chronic exercise effects on exosome release and cargo were evaluated in human and animal models, as well as summarize these outcomes with an overview of their physiological implications. This systematic review is especially noteworthy in exploring the evidence on the potential therapeutic role of exersomes in pathological conditions as well as the mechanisms by which the effects are...
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When retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and microglia/macrophages are challenged with all‐trans‐retinal in the subretinal space, the activation of inflammasomes promotes the secretion of mature interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and subsequently leads to the formation of sublytic membrane attack complexes (MACs) on the RPE surface. We hypothesize that sublytic MACs assembled on the RPE cell surface create channels to facilitate the secretion of cytokines and chemokines, such as IL‐1β, and thereby generate a...
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The function of sorting nexin (SNX) proteins in regulating intracellular protein trafficking consists of endocytosis, endosomal sorting, and endosomal signaling. SNX family proteins may be a valuable potential biomarker and therapeutic strategy for diagnostics and treatment of cancerous/neoplastic diseases. Abstract Sorting nexins (SNXs) are a diverse group of cytoplasmic‐ and membrane‐associated phosphoinositide‐binding proteins containing the PX domain proteins. The function of SNX proteins...
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Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) are transplanted in vivo in a rat femur defect model. Hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold is used alone or in combination with AFSCs. HA scaffold + AFSCs‐treated specimens show a diffuse fibrotic response after 3 weeks. Mesenchymal‐like connective tissue is observed in scaffold + AFSCs‐treated samples. High number of osteoblasts correlate with mesenchymal‐like connective tissue. Vascular endothelial growth factor levels detected are related to osteoblast activity in scaffold + AFSCs‐treated...
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(1) Thymoquinone (TQ) has been shown to play a role in antioxidation, anti‐inflammation, and antitumor. Notably, TQ also contributes to the suppression of liver fibrosis. (2) We found that TQ led to the suppression of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, with a reduction in the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. (3) It was found that the microRNA‐30a (miR‐30a)‐mediated EMT process was involved in the effects of TQ on HSC activation. (4) This is the first study that revealed that...
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The main approaches for corneal endothelium treatment are as follows: (A) common therapeutic protocols for corneal endothelium transplantation; (B) scaffold‐based corneal endothelium tissue engineering; (C) cell sheet engineering; (D) decellularization of the cornea for corneal endothelium tissue engineering; and (E) clinical trials for cell therapy approaches. Abstract Cornea is an avascular and transparent tissue that focuses light on retina. Cornea is supported by the corneal‐endothelial...
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Vitronectin‐derived peptide‐mussel adhesive protein fusion (VNm)–polyvinylidene fluoride scaffolds improved the cardiac differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. Abstract Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is biocompatible, easy to fabricate, and has piezoelectric properties; it has been used for many biomedical applications including stem cell engineering. However, long‐term cultivation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and their differentiation toward cardiac lineages on PVDF have not...
4d
Inhibition of Toll‐like receptor‐4 by scoparone phosphorylation of nuclear factor‐κB entering the nucleus leads to a decrease of downstream inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, interleukin (IL)‐6, and IL‐1β, thus reducing the inflammatory response and alleviating fibrosis. Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the role of scoparone (SCO) in hepatic fibrosis. For this, we conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments. In vivo rats that were divided into six groups,...
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Sixty‐four rats were ovariectomized and treated with quercetin and vitamin E to investigate their effects on ovariectomy‐induced osteoporosis. Ovariectomy resulted in development of osteoporosis. Quercetin, and to a lesser extent, vitamin E prevented osteoporosis by regulating the total number of bone cells, maybe through regulating autophagy and apoptosis. Abstract Osteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic bone disease and one of the most important postmenopausal consequences. The aim...
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Autophagy is altered in senescent skeletal muscle cells. Autophagy deficiency attenuated the senescence phenotype observed during toxic stress‐induced senescence at the expense of increased cell death. Abstract Due to the ever‐expanding functions attributed to autophagy, there is widespread interest in understanding its contribution to human physiology; however, its specific cellular role as a stress‐response mechanism is still poorly defined. To investigate autophagy's role in this regard,...
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Understanding the immunology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is necessary for rational drug and vaccine design against it. In this paper, we have reviewed the updated data on immunobiology and immunotherapeutic‐based approaches for COVID‐19. Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is a new member of the coronavirus family that can cause coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). COVID‐9 has become a global pandemic with severe health issues around the world....
6d
The results of the present study reveal that α,β‐thujone, when used either alone or in a combination therapy. It may contribute to overcoming resistance to the platinum‐based chemotherapy drugs used in ovarian cancer treatment. Abstract The therapeutic potential of α,β‐thujone, a functional compound found in many medicinal plants of the Cupressaceae, Asteraceae, and Lamiaceae families, has been demonstrated, including in inflammation and cancers. However, its pharmacological functions and mechanisms...
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Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK)/fibroblast growth factor‐inducible 14 (Fn14) signaling promotes the expression pro‐inflammatory cytokines during tissue injury. TWEAK regulates myofibroblasts and induces the secretion of the extracellular matrix. The TWEAK/Fn14 pathway exhibits therapeutic potential in fibrosis‐associated diseases. Abstract Fibrosis is a common pathological condition associated with abnormal repair after tissue injury. However, the...
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Melatonin (MEL) could play a significant role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and inflammatory responses in spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). LPS could cause testicular damage and induce apoptosis, ERS, and inflammatory responses in SSCs, while exogenous MEL can inhibit the expression of ERS‐related apoptosis marker genes and inflammatory factors, at the same time, exogenous MEL could also alleviate testicular damage caused by LPS. Abstract Orchitis...
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Cell therapy with microglial ablation could significantly improve chronic demyelination in neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, by understanding the mechanisms involved in the activation and proliferation of oligodendrocytes by mesenchymal stem cells, trophic factors can yield promising results. Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with symptoms such as neuroinflammation, astrocytosis, microgliosis, and axonal degeneration. Mesenchymal...
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In this study, the CIMP‐related prognostic model, based on four genes was identified and validated for the first time, which acts as an independent prognostic factor to estimate prognosis in CCA and reflects the overall epigenetic alterations among the whole genome. In this study, the CIMP‐related prognostic model, based on four genes was identified and validated for the first time, which acts as an independent prognostic factor to estimate prognosis in CCA and reflects the overall epigenetic alterations...
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1.DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) deregulation of suppression of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) axis drivers cardiac fibroblasts activation in diabetic cardiac fibrosis. 2.Downregulation of SOCS3 facilitated activation of STAT3 to promote cardiac fibroblast activation and collagen deposition. Abstract Cardiac fibrosis is one of the main pathological manifestations of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Cardiac fibroblast activation is a key effector of cells resulting in diabetic cardiac...
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This article summarizes the genetic, nutritional, and physiological factors that can induce transdifferentiation of myoblasts into adipocytes and discusses the regulatory roles and mechanisms of these factors during the transdifferentiation process. Abstract Fat infiltration in skeletal muscle is observed in several myopathies, is associated with muscular dysfunction, and is strongly correlated with insulin resistance, diabetes, obesity, and aging. In animal production, skeletal muscle fat...
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Schematic illustration of the G‐protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR)‐mediated signaling pathway. Upon activation by extracellular ligands, including biogenic amines, amino acids, ions, lipids, peptides, and proteins, GPCRs stimulate cytoplasmic and nuclear targets through signaling pathways mediated by the G proteins subunits (α, β, and γ). The signaling pathways involved regulate key biological functions, such as cell proliferation and survival, differentiation, motility, tumor progression, invasion,...
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In the vastus lateralis (VL) of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) patients regardless of the sarcopenia level, the muscle regeneration process is triggered as identified by satellite cell (SC) activation and increased internal nuclei. Nonetheless, a lower regenerative potential along with significant alterations in muscle phenotype and damage and increased myostatin were prominently seen in sarcopenic COPD. Abstract Sarcopenia is a major comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary...
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Mitochondrial dysfunction and energy metabolism pathways are serious drivers of acute kidney injury (AKI). Sirtuins overexpression can guard kidney cells against AKI by hindering apoptosis, inducing mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy, which may become new approaches to the prevention and treatment of AKI. Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI), a rapid drop in kidney function, displays high mortality and morbidity, and its repeated or severe status can shift into chronic kidney disease or...
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Activated Pyk2 activates ERK1/2 through the Grb2/Ras/Raf/MEK pathway. GnRH long term treatment induces the shedding of proHB‐EGF. Abstract The receptor for gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) is highly expressed in hypothalamic neurons. It has been reported that GnRH treatment of cultured GnRH neurons (GT1‐7 cells) activated proline‐rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2), and Pyk2 was involved in the activation of extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 (ERK1/2)....
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Testosterone deficiency in patients and mice with sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with priapism. Normalization of testosterone levels in SCD mice, by stimulating endogenous testicular testosterone production, reverses molecular abnormalities involving phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5)/oxidative stress signaling in the penis and decreases priapism susceptibility. The success of reducing priapism by restoring physiologic testosterone levels without reducing intratesticular testosterone suggests...
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A single nucleotide replacement (596T‐A) at TNFSF11 located in chromosome 13 exon 8 leads to a missense mutation (Met199Lys) in the human receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL). This substitution introduced a longer side chain and a positive charge into RANKL hydrophobic pocket, compromising RANKL's structural integrity. Misfolded RANKL results in impotent osteoclasts, causing osteopetrosis required life‐long treatment to maintain patients' life. Abstract The tumor necrosis...
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Graphical abstract In this study, a prognostic model combining age, gender, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, IDH1 status, and the risk score based on STEAP2 and STEAP3 was built and further validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas cohorts, which showed a favorable value for prognosis prediction of GBM. Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, malignant, and deadly primary glioma. Six‐transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate (STEAP) family is involved in tumorigenesis; here,...
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Angiotensin‐(1‐7) prevents cardiac hypertrophy observed in hyperthyroidism. Angiotensin‐(1‐7) effects are associated with increased SOD1 and catalase and decreased reactive oxygen species and nuclear factor‐kB. FOXO3 signaling mediates anti‐hypertrophic action of angiotensin‐(1‐7) in cardiomyocytes. Abstract Clinical studies have shown a correlation between thyroid disorders and cardiac diseases. High levels of triiodothyronine (T3) induce cardiac hypertrophy, a risk factor for cardiac complications...
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The present study aimed to evaluate the function and molecular mechanism of tenascin‐like molecule major (Ten‐m/Odz3) during chondrogenesis, focusing on ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) and the actin cytoskeleton. Ten‐m/Odz3 most likely plays an important role in early chondrogenesis regulating RhoA‐mediated actin reorganization. Abstract Tenascin‐like molecule major (Ten‐m)/odd Oz (Odz), a type II transmembrane molecule, is well known to modulate neural development. We have reported...
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Glucagon‐like peptide‐2 (GLP‐2), an intestinotrophic hormone, has drawn considerable attention worldwide due to its potential to promote intestinal development. Our findings revealed a mechanism by which GLP‐2 alleviated LPS‐challenged intestinal barrier injury and inflammation in weaned piglets and IPEC‐J2 cells via the MLCK/pMLC signaling pathway. Abstract Glucagon‐like peptide‐2 (GLP‐2), an intestinotrophic hormone, has drawn considerable attention worldwide due to its potential to promote...
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Codon usage pattern and evolutionary forces of mitochondrial ND genes among orders of class Amphibia
In this study, we used a bioinformatics approach to analyze the nucleotide composition and pattern of synonymous codon usage in mitochondrial ND genes in three amphibian groups, that is, orders Anura, Caudata, and Gymnophiona to identify the commonality and the differences of codon usage as no research work was reported yet. Abstract In this study, we used a bioinformatics approach to analyze the nucleotide composition and pattern of synonymous codon usage in mitochondrial ND genes in three...
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SNORD126 promoted adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 cells and human adipose‐derived stem cells through increasing phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and p70S6K. SNORD126 accelerated the growth of the inguinal fat pad in rats. Abstract Small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) plays important role in various histogenesis. Whether snoRNA plays a role in adipogenesis is unknown. SNORD126 is a C/D box snoRNA. We previously demonstrated that SNORD126 promoted hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth by activating the...
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Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a unique population in the tumor, but they only comprise 2%–5% of the tumor bulk. Although CSCs share several features with embryonic stem cells, CSCs can give rise to the tumor cells. CSCs overexpress embryonic transcription factor NANOG, which is downregulated in differentiated tissues. This transcription factor confers CSC's stemness, unlimited self‐renewal, metastasis, invasiveness, angiogenesis, and drug‐resistance with the assistance of WNT, OCT4, SOX2,...
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In this study, we utilized microfluidic technologies to study the shear‐induced sensitization of endothelial Piezo‐1 to its selective agonist, Yoda‐1. Our results suggest that shear stress influences the function of Piezo‐1 channels via changes in membrane density, providing a new model of shear‐stress sensitivity for Piezo‐1 ion channel. Abstract Mechanosensitive ion channels mediate endothelial responses to blood flow and orchestrate their physiological function in response to hemodynamic...
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Currently, CRISPR/Cas9‐based genome editing has been becoming one of the most promising tools for treating human genetic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neuro‐disorders, and cancers. As the quick modification of the CRISPR/Cas9 system, including delivery system, CRISPR/Cas9‐based gene therapy has been extensively studied in preclinic and clinic treatments. However, significant challenges also remain before CRISPR/Cas technology can be routinely employed in the clinic for treating different...
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Class IIa histone deacetylases are involved in lipopolysaccharide‐induced acute lung injury in vitro and in vivo via specific mechanism which involved contractile responses, but not microtubule reorganization. Abstract Acute lung injury (ALI) is an acute inflammatory process arises from a wide range of lung insults. A major cause of ALI is dysfunction of the pulmonary vascular endothelial barrier but the mechanisms involved are incompletely understood. The therapeutic potential of histone...
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1. This study sought to identify ivermectin‐related virus infection pathway alterations in human cells. 2. Quantitative proteomics revealed that ivermectin‐related proteins are involved in four statistically significant antiviral pathways, including human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV1), and COVID‐19 infection pathways. 3. We identified 52 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)/COVID‐19‐related...
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Soluble N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) mediate core membrane fusion processes essential for all cells, but some SNAREs serve cell/tissue type‐specific exocytic/endocytic functions, and are therefore critical for various aspects of embryonic development. SNARE gene mutations and variants that are known to be associated with a variety developmental disorders are discussed, with a focus on their underlying cellular and molecular pathological basis deciphered...
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We investigated the effects of zinc supplementation during in vitro maturation (IVM) under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Supplementation with 1 μg/ml zinc significantly increased the nuclear maturation of oocytes, cleavage and blastocyst formation rates, and total blastocyst cell number (p < .05). Under ER stress, zinc significantly reduced protein expression of XBP1, and increased cleavage and blastocyst rates (p < .05). Concomitantly, zinc supplementation upregulated the expression...
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) receptors, angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) are expressed in different cell clusters of various human organoids. Human organoids will be a suitable model for rapid translation SARS‐CoV‐2 research. Abstract Coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) is a global pandemic and caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), which has resulted in millions of...
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Undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) improves glucose metabolism; however, its effects on endothelial cell function are unclear. We examined the biological effect of ucOC on endothelial function in animal models ex vivo and human cells in vitro. We found that ucOC has no negative effects on endothelial function which is important to reduce the risks of off‐target adverse effects if it will be used as a therapeutic option for metabolic disease in the future. Abstract Undercarboxylated osteocalcin...
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Mitoflash, an individual mitochondrial reactive oxygen species burst event, genesis is integrated with the energy metabolism of the mitochondrial electron transport chain under physiological conditions. Our findings revealed it generated at the Qo site of mitochondrial Complex III. Abstract The previous research has shown that mitochondrial flash (mitoflash) genesis are functionally and mechanistically integrated with mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) energy metabolism. However,...
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