Publication date: Available online 20 October 2020Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Esmee K. van der Ploeg, Maud A.W. Hermans, Vincent H.J. van der Velden, Wim A. Dik, Paul L.A. van Daele, Ralph Stadhouders
Publication date: Available online 19 October 2020Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Howard H.F. Tang, Anna Lang, Shu Mei Teo, Louise M. Judd, Ronald Gangnon, Michael D. Evans, Kristine E. Lee, Rose Vrtis, Patrick G. Holt, Robert F. Lemanske, Daniel J. Jackson, Kathryn E. Holt, Michael Inouye, James E. Gern
Publication date: Available online 16 October 2020Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Satveer K. Mahil, Nick Dand, Kayleigh J. Mason, Zenas ZN. Yiu, Teresa Tsakok, Freya Meynell, Bola Coker, Helen McAteer, Lucy Moorhead, Teena Mackenzie, Maria Teresa Rossi, Raquel Rivera, Emmanuel Mahe, Andrea Carugno, Michela Magnano, Giulia Rech, Esther A. Balogh, Steven R. Feldman, Claudia De La Cruz, Siew Eng Choon
Publication date: Available online 16 October 2020Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Magali Noval Rivas, Rebecca A. Porritt, Mary Hongying Cheng, Ivet Bahar, Moshe Arditi
Publication date: Available online 16 October 2020Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Hemant R. Joshi, Harry R. Hill, Julie Asch., Qin Zhou, Rebecca Margraf, Emily Coonrod, Jacob Durtschi, Xiao He, Karl V. Voelkerding, Attila Kumánovics
Publication date: Available online 16 October 2020Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Pelin Sahlén, Rapolas Spalinskas, Samina Asad, Kunal Das Mahapatra, Pontus Höjer, Anandashankar Anil, Jesper Eisfeldt, Ankit Srivastava, Pernilla Nikamo, Anaya Mukherjee, Kyu-Han Kim, Otto Bergman, Mona Ståhle, Enikö Sonkoly, Andor Pivarcsi, Carl-Fredrik Wahlgren, Magnus Nordenskjöld, Fulya Taylan, Maria Bradley, Isabel Tapia-Páez
Publication date: Available online 15 October 2020Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Hang Li, Min Hyung Ryu, Christopher F. Rider, Wayne Tse, Rachel L. Clifford, Maria J. Aristizabal, Weiping Wen, Chris Carlsten
Publication date: Available online 15 October 2020Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Helen Kühn, Pavel Kolkhir, Magda Babina, Miriam Düll, Stefan Frischbutter, Jie Shen Fok, Qingqing Jiao, Martin Metz, Jörg Scheffel, Katharina Wolf, Andreas E. Kremer, Marcus Maurer
Publication date: Available online 15 October 2020Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Sunil Tomar, Varsha Ganesan, Ankit Sharma, Chang Zeng, Lisa Waggoner, Andrew Smith, Chang H. Kim, Paula Licona-Limón, Richard L. Reinhardt, Richard A. Flavell, Yui-Hsi Wang, Simon P. Hogan
Publication date: Available online 15 October 2020Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Lydia J. Finney, Nicholas Glanville, Hugo Farne, Julia Aniscenko, Peter Fenwick, Samuel V. Kemp, Maria-Belen Trujillo-Torralbo, Su Ling Loo, Maria Adelaide Calderazzo, Jadwiga A. Wedzicha, Patrick Mallia, Nathan W. Bartlett, Sebastian L. Johnston, Aran Singanayagam
Publication date: Available online 15 October 2020Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Pierre Marschall, Ruicheng Wei, Justine Segaud, Wenjin Yao, Pierre Hener, Beatriz Falcon German, Pierre Meyer, Cecile Hugel, Grace Ada Da Silva, Reinhard Braun, Daniel H. Kaplan, Mei Li
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Objective To assess the association between migraine and cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CIS) in young adults, with subgroup analyses stratified by sex and presence of patent foramen ovale (PFO). Methods We prospectively enrolled 347 consecutive patients aged 18‐49 with a recent CIS and 347 age‐ and sex‐matched (±5 years) stroke‐free controls. Any migraine and migraine with (MA) and migraine without aura (MO) were identified by a screener, which we validated against a headache‐neurologist. We...
Objective Identification of children at risk of developing epilepsy after a first unprovoked seizure can be challenging. Interictal epileptiform discharges are associated with higher risk but have limited sensitivity and specificity. High frequency oscillations (HFOs) are newer biomarkers for epileptogenesis. We prospectively evaluated the predictive value of HFOs for developing epilepsy in scalp EEG of children after a first unprovoked seizure. Methods After their first seizure, 56 children...
Objective Metals have been suggested as risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but only retrospective studies are available to date. We compared metal levels in prospectively collected blood samples from ALS patients and controls, to explore whether metals are associated with ALS mortality. Methods A nested ALS case‐control study was conducted within the prospective EPIC cohort. Cases were identified through death certificates. We analyzed metal levels in erythrocyte samples...
Objective Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a progressive genetic neurodegenerative disorder with no approved treatment. Omaveloxolone, an Nrf2 activator, improves mitochondrial function, restores redox balance, and reduces inflammation in models of FRDA. We investigated the safety and efficacy of omaveloxolone in patients with FRDA. Methods We conducted an international, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled parallel‐group, registrational phase 2 trial at 11 institutions in the United...
Objective Epileptic spasms are a hallmark of severe seizure disorders. The neurophysiological mechanisms and the neuronal circuit(s) that generate these seizures are unresolved and are the focus of studies reported here. Methods In the tetrodotoxin model, we used 16‐channel microarrays and microwires to record electrophysiological activity in neocortex and thalamus during spasms. Chemogenetic activation was used to examine the role of neocortical pyramidal cells in generating spasms. Comparisons...
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Single‐cell molecular profiling provides a high‐resolution map of basophil and mast cell development
Abstract Background Basophils and mast cells contribute to the development of allergic reactions. Whereas these mature effector cells are extensively studied, the differentiation trajectories from hematopoietic progenitors to basophils and mast cells are largely uncharted at the single‐cell level. Methods We performed multicolor flow cytometry, high‐coverage single‐cell RNA sequencing analyses, and cell fate assays to chart basophil and mast cell differentiation at single‐cell resolution...
Summary Background CRS is regarded as a chronic airway disease. According to WHO recommendations, it may be a risk factor for COVID‐19 patients. In most CRSwNP cases, the inflammatory changes affecting the nasal and paranasal mucous membranes are type‐2 (T2) inflammation endotypes. Methods The current knowledge on COVID‐19 and on treatment options for CRS was analyzed by a literature search in Medline, Pubmed, international guidelines, the Cochrane Library and the Internet. Results...
Abstract Background As an evidence resource for the currently planned European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) clinical practice guideline “systemic treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD)” we critically appraised evidence on systemic treatments for moderate‐to‐severe AD. Methods We systematically identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the safety and efficacy of systemic treatments for AD up to February 2020. Primary efficacy outcomes were clinical signs,...
Abstract In the past decade, research in the molecular and cellular underpinnings of basic and clinical immunology has significantly advanced our understanding of allergic disorders, allowing scientists and clinicians to diagnose and treat disorders such as asthma, allergic and nonallergic rhinitis, and food allergy. In this review, we discuss several significant recent developments in basic and clinical research as well as important future research directions in allergic inflammation. Certain key...
Abstract Background Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease, characterized by eosinophilic infiltration, T‐helper type 2 (Th2‐type) response, and olfactory dysfunction. A master regulator of Th2‐type inflammation, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is important for basophil activation. TSLP‐elicited basophils are a key factor in the pathogenesis of ECRS. Methods In order to elucidate the mechanisms of ECRS in humans, we aimed to establish a murine model...
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Using a novel hybrid approach integrating aspiration‐assisted bioprinting and extrusion‐based bioprinting, a zonally stratified cartilage is fabricated, in which collagen fibers are aligned with designated orientation in each zone imitating the anatomical regions and matrix orientation of native cartilage tissue. The findings highlight the potential of this approach for building biologically, mechanically, and histologically relevant cartilage for tissue engineering purposes. Abstract The...
Seeding tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) with bone‐marrow derived mononuclear cells improves patency potentially through an interleukin 10 (IL10) mediated paracrine mechanism. In a series of reciprocal genetic experiments, unseeded, wild‐type seeded, and IL‐10 KO seeded TEVGs are implanted into wild‐type recipient and IL‐10 KO recipient mice to determine the role of secreted/host IL‐10 on TEVG patency and neotissue development. Abstract Tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs)...
Currently, newly emerging 3D bioprinting technologies have the ability to construct in vitro liver tissue models both in static scaffolds and dynamic liver‐on‐chip manners. Cells from the liver are mixed with hydrogels as bioinks for 3D bioprinting. The printed liver tissue models can be applied in liver regeneration or new drug development. Abstract The liver, the largest gland in the human body, plays a key role in metabolism, bile production, detoxification, and water and electrolyte...
A novel 3D hydrogel bilayer composite is designed to support osteocyte differentiation, facilitate bone matrix deposition in a bone‐like layer, and recapitulate key 3D aspects of the osteochondral unit's complex loading environment. This new hydrogel provides a novel platform to study osteocyte mechanobiology in vitro in an osteochondral tissue‐mimetic environment. Abstract Osteocytes are mechanosensitive cells that orchestrate signaling in bone and cartilage across the osteochondral unit....
This work investigates the effects of size, shape, architecture, and reductive degradation on the performance of 2‐hydroxypropyl methacrylamide based copolymers using in vitro and in vivo models. The nanomaterials show varying biological behavior via modulation of their 3D architectures, thus providing valuable new insight into how nanoparticle properties can be tailored to elicit specific biological responses for drug delivery. Abstract The size, shape, and underlying chemistries of...
The tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibits several distinguishable features such as mildly acidic pH, hypoxia, high level of reactive oxygen species, and overexpression of enzymes, compared to normal tissues. These factors have been readily employed as useful stimuli for the fabrication of TME‐sensitive nanocarriers. In this review, the recent progress of TME‐sensitive nanocarriers toward targeted bioimaging and therapy is highlighted. Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME), which is...
Stimuli‐responsive injectable hydrogels have received considerable interest in the biomedical field due to their ability to change their shape or volume according to various stimuli, e.g., pH, temperature, light, electrical signals, and enzymatic changes, and so providing a controlled and sustained release of drug molecules to the target site when it is needed and limiting nonspecific drug molecule distribution in healthy tissues. Abstract Injectable hydrogels have received considerable...
Facile preparation of uniform drug‐encapsulated polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) is achieved with on‐chip self‐assembly. Compared to bulk mixed NPs (BMPs), the microvortex‐synthesized NPs (MVPs) demonstrate superior properties in cellular uptake and anti‐cancer effect in vitro and exhibit high accumulation at tumor regions with enhanced tumor regression in vivo, presenting a great potential of reproducible preparation of nanomedicines for reliable clinical translation. Abstract Nanoparticle...
Tissue engineered arterial grafts are created from braided poly(glycolic acid) fibers at the boundaries of the manufacturable design space with and without poly(glycerol sebacate) coating and evaluated in a mouse intrarenal aortic model. Implants are followed with 4D ultrasound and explants are evaluated with biaxial mechanical testing and histological analysis. Abstract Tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) using scaffolds fabricated from braided poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) fibers coated...
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Abstract Legius syndrome is a disorder of the RAS and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway first described in 2007 by Eric Legius, et al., that has been considered a milder phenotype than reported in the RASopathy neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). However, with approximately 200 cases reported in the literature, the Legius syndrome phenotype remains to be fully characterized. We report a child who presented with moyamoya syndrome and who has Legius syndrome due to a pathogenic variant in...
Abstract Pneumonia and respiratory infections impact infants and children with Down syndrome; pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality in adults with Down syndrome. We aimed to review the literature to evaluate gaps and address key questions. A series of key questions were formulated a priori to inform the search strategy and review process; addressed prevalence, severity, etiology, risk factors, preventive methods, screening, and financial costs, potential benefits or harms of screening. Using...
Abstract Epiphyseal chondrodysplasia, Miura type (ECDM) is a skeletal dysplasia with tall stature and distinctive skeletal features caused by heterozygous NPR2 pathogenic variants. Only four families have been reported. We present a family with five affected individuals (mother, three sons, and daughter). The mother's phenotype was relatively mild: borderline tall stature and elongated halluces operated during childhood. The children were remarkably more severely affected with tall stature, scoliosis,...
The cover image is based on the Original Article Recurrent Constellations of Embryonic Malformations Re‐Conceptualized as an Overlapping Group of Disorders with Shared Pathogenesis by Aaron Adam et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.61847
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Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) emerged in early 2020 and since, has brought about tremendous cost to economies and healthcare systems universally. Reports of pediatric patients with inherited conditions and COVID‐19 infections are emerging. Specific risks for morbidity and mortality that this pandemic carries for different categories of genetic disorders are still mostly unknown. Thus, there are no specific recommendations for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of patients...
Abstract The journey to receiving a diagnosis for rare genetic disease can be long and emotionally impactful. This study describes parental experiences of receiving their child's diagnosis of Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome (RTS), a rare genetic condition characterized by growth and developmental delay together with dysmorphic features. Parents from the RTS Australia support group participated in qualitative, semi‐structured phone interviews, which were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed....
Abstract Rubinstein‐Taybi syndrome (RSTS, OMIM*180849) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder, characterized by distinctive facial features, short stature, broad and often angulated thumbs and halluces, with occasional congenital anomalies. Characteristic facial dysmorphic features include downslanting palpebral fissures, low hanging columella. RSTS is caused by pathogenic variants in two ubiquitously expressed and highly homologous genes, CREBBP (OMIM*600140) and EP300 (OMIM*600140). Clinical features...
Abstract Polydactyly is a limb malformation and can occur as nonsyndromic polydactyly, syndromic polydactyly, or along with other limb defects. A few genes have been identified that cause various forms of syndromic and nonsyndromic polydactyly, of which GLI3 has been extensively explored. In the present study, GLI3 gene was screened by direct resequencing in 15 polydactyly cases with or without other anomalies. GLI3 screening revealed two novel pathogenic variants, NM_000168.6:c.3414delC [p.(H1138Qfs*68)]...
Abstract Congenital glycosylation disorders (CDG) are inherited metabolic diseases due to defective glycoprotein and glycolipid glycan assembly and attachment. MOGS‐CDG is a rare disorder with seven patients from five families reported worldwide. We report on a 19‐year‐old girl with MOGS‐CDG. At birth she presented facial dysmorphism, marked hypotonia, and drug‐resistant tonic seizures. In the following months, her motility was strongly limited by dystonia, with forced posture of the head and of...
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Abstract I was on my surgical rotation in March 2020 when I decided to visit my parents for my mother’s birthday. During my visit, my medical school joined many across the tristate area to suspend all clinical rotations because of the burgeoning COVID‐19 outbreak. I reverted to online classes and sheltered in place at my parents’ home in the Bronx. As a first‐time mother to a four‐month‐old baby girl, the outbreak terrified me.
Abstract Blood transfusion is a common treatment of anemia due to chronic disease or acute blood loss. However, there continues to be uncertainty concerning the appropriate threshold for transfusion. A restrictive protocol could decrease blood administered, transmissible infections, transfusion reactions, volume overload, and utilization of a limited commodity. However, anemia may result in decreased oxygen delivery which could lead to metabolic dysfunction an increased cell death. Determining an...
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Abstract Background Timing in status epilepticus (SE) attention is probably the most relevant modifiable prognostic factor, and may influence SE duration and prognosis. We aimed to describe the precise relationship between management timing, duration, and prognosis of SE. Methods Observational longitudinal prospective study on a cohort of all patients diagnosed with SE admitted to our tertiary hospital from September 2017 to August 2019, with a 3‐month follow up. Univariate and multivariable...
Abstract Objectives To explore the dynamic changes of gray matter volume and intrinsic brain activity following anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) in patients with unilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) who achieved seizure‐free for two years. Materials & Methods High‐resolution T1‐weighted MRI and resting‐state functional MRI data were obtained in ten mTLE patients at five serial time points: before surgery, three months, six months, 12 months and 24 months after surgery. The...
Abstract Objective To assess the relative contribution of ictal subtraction single‐photon emission computed tomography (ISSPECT) and 18 F‐Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET) in epilepsy surgery decision making. Materials and methods A retrospective 3‐year study of consecutive patients with resistant focal epilepsy who underwent ISSPECT and PET to evaluate to what extent these modalities influence decisions in epilepsy surgery and outcomes. ISSPECT imaging...
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Patient–ventilator asynchrony is common in mechanically ventilated patients and may be related to adverse outcomes. Few studies have reported the occurrence of asynchrony in brain-injured patients. We aimed to...
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have reshaped the standard of care in oncology. However, they have been associated with potentially life-threatening immune-related adverse events. With the growing indications of ...
Despite advances in the management of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by Candida spp., the mortality still remains high in critically ill patients. The worldwide epidemiology of yeast-related BSI is subject t...
The average length of stay (LOS) in the intensive care unit (ICU_ALOS) is a helpful parameter summarizing critical bed occupancy. During the outbreak of a novel virus, estimating early a reliable ICU_ALOS esti...
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Pre-emptive epidural analgesia for acute and chronic post-thoracotomy pain in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2020 Oct 14;: Authors: Park SK, Yoon S, Kim BR, Choe SH, Bahk JH, Seo JH Abstract BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Epidural analgesia is the gold standard for post-thoracotomy pain management and can be started before or after surgical incision. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated...
Regional anesthesia for scapular fracture surgery: an educational review of anatomy and techniques. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2020 Oct 13;: Authors: Sonawane K, Balavenkatasubramanian J, Dixit H, Tayi H, Goel VK Abstract Scapular fractures are very rare, and those requiring surgical interventions are even rarer. Most scapula surgeries are done under general anesthesia with or without the regional anesthesia (RA) technique as an adjunct. Since...
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The PNPLA3-I148M variant confers an antiatherogenic lipid profile in insulin-resistant patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Oct 16;: Authors: Luukkonen PK, Qadri S, Lehtimäki TE, Juuti A, Sammalkorpi H, Penttilä AK, Hakkarainen A, Orho-Melander M, Arola J, Yki-Järvinen H Abstract CONTEXT: The I148M (rs738409-G) variant in PNPLA3 increases liver fat content but may be protective against cardiovascular disease. Insulin resistance (IR) amplifies...
Serum testosterone is inversely, and sex hormone-binding globulin directly, associated with all-cause mortality in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Oct 16;: Authors: Yeap BB, Marriott RJ, Antonio L, Chan YX, Raj S, Dwivedi G, Reid CM, Anawalt BD, Bhasin S, Dobs AS, Hankey GJ, Matsumoto AM, Norman PE, O'Neill TW, Ohlsson C, Orwoll ES, Vanderschueren D, Wittert GA, Wu FCW, Murray K Abstract CONTEXT: Serum testosterone concentrations decline...
Treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus and offspring early childhood growth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Oct 15;: Authors: Feghali M, Atlass J, Abebe KZ, Comer D, Catov J, Caritis S, Arslanian S, Scifres C Abstract BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with fetal overgrowth and certain treatments are associated with an increased risk of macrosomia. However, there is limited data about the long-term effect of GDM...
Metabolomics of lean/overweight insulin resistant females reveals alterations in steroids and fatty acids. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Oct 14;: Authors: Diboun I, Al-Mansoori L, Al-Jaber H, Albagha O, Elrayess MA Abstract BACKGROUND: The global diabetes epidemic is largely attributed to obesity-triggered metabolic syndrome. However, the impact of insulin resistance (IR) prior to obesity on the high prevalence of diabetes and the molecular...
Glycemic Control and Variability of Diabetes Secondary to Total Pancreatectomy Assessed by Continuous Glucose Monitoring. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Oct 14;: Authors: Juel CTB, Dejgaard TF, Hansen CP, Storkholm JH, Vilsbøll T, Lund A, Knop FK Abstract CONTEXT: The extent of the glycemic variability in diabetes secondary to total pancreatectomy is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate glycemic variability in totally pancreatectomized...
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus sleeve gastrectomy for remission of type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Oct 14;: Authors: Castellana M, Procino F, Biacchi E, Zupo R, Lampignano L, Castellana F, Sardone R, Palermo A, Cesareo R, Trimboli P, Giannelli G Abstract CONTEXT: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) are the bariatric procedures most commonly used for the management of obesity. Whether one or the other...
Dietary fiber, genetic variations of gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids, and bone health in UK biobank. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Oct 14;: Authors: Zhou T, Wang M, Ma H, Li X, Heianza Y, Qi L Abstract CONTEXT: Dietary fiber intake may relate to bone health. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether dietary fiber intake is associated with bone mineral density (BMD), and the modification effect of genetic variations related to...
Genotype-phenotype features of germline variants of the TMEM127 pheochromocytoma susceptibility gene: a ten-year update. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Oct 14;: Authors: Armaiz-Pena G, Flores SK, Cheng ZM, Zhang X, Esquivel E, Poullard N, Vaidyanathan A, Liu Q, Michalek J, Santillan-Gomez AA, Liss M, Ahmadi S, Katselnik D, Maldonado E, Agosto Salgado S, Jimenez C, Fishbein L, Hamidi O, Else T, Lechan R, Tischler A, Benn DE, Dwight T, Clifton-Bligh R, Sanso G,...
Time-of-day and meal size effects on clinical lipid markers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Oct 14;: Authors: Grant LK, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW, Rahman SA Abstract CONTEXT: Dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease are common in shift workers and eating at night may contribute to this pathophysiology. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of eating at different times of day on lipid profiles. DESIGN: Two 24-hour baseline days with...
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Delta Neutrophil Index and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in the Differentiation of Thyroid Malignancy and Nodular Goiter. World J Surg. 2020 Oct 16;: Authors: Bozan MB, Yazar FM, Kale İT, Yüzbaşıoğlu MF, Boran ÖF, Azak Bozan A Abstract BACKGROUND: It was aimed to evaluate the relationship between delta neutrophil index (DNI) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the preoperative differentiation of nodular goiter and thyroid malignancy....
The Usefulness of a Preoperative Nomogram for Predicting the Probability of Conversion from Laparoscopic to Open Distal Pancreatectomy: A Single-Center Experience. World J Surg. 2020 Oct 15;: Authors: Casadei R, Ricci C, Ingaldi C, Alberici L, Vaccaro MC, Galasso E, Minni F Abstract BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) represents a challenging procedure with a high conversion rate. A nomogram is a simple statistical predictive...
Early Induction of Bedside Pneumoperitoneum in the Management of Residual Pleural Space and Air Leaks After Pulmonary Resection. World J Surg. 2020 Oct 15;: Authors: Pecoraro A, Garbarino GM, Peritore V, Tiracorrendo M, Andreetti C, Ibrahim M, Rendina EA, Mercantini P Abstract BACKGROUND: The pneumoperitoneum to treat prolonged air leaks or pleural space problems after pulmonary resection has been successfully used for decades. The aim of the...
Evaluation of Perioperative Intestinal Motility Using a Newly Developed Real-Time Monitoring System During Surgery. World J Surg. 2020 Oct 15;: Authors: Ogawa M, Namikawa T, Oki T, Munekage M, Maeda H, Kitagawa H, Dabanaka K, Sugimoto T, Kobayashi M, Sakata O, Matsuda K, Hanazaki K Abstract BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate perioperative intestinal motility using a novel bowel sound monitoring system in patients undergoing breast...
Letter to the Editor: Trends in Appendicitis Among Pregnant Women, the Risk for Cardiac Arrest, and Maternal-Fetal Mortality. World J Surg. 2020 Oct 14;: Authors: Jama MA, Perin G, Balasubramanian SP PMID: 33057763 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Determinants of Breast-Conserving Therapy in the Asian Population: A Systematic Review. World J Surg. 2020 Oct 13;: Authors: Galeano Machuca MP, Cheng SC, Jou TH, Cheng CT Abstract BACKGROUND: Treatment guidelines recommend breast-conserving therapy (BCT) for patients with early-stage breast cancer. However, Asian patients choose mastectomy over BCT, and the factors influencing this choice are unknown. This review aimed to identify the factors...
The Challenges of Implementing Artificial Intelligence into Surgical Practice. World J Surg. 2020 Oct 13;: Authors: Tranter-Entwistle I, Wang H, Daly K, Maxwell S, Connor S Abstract BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence is touted as the future of medicine. Classical algorithms for the detection of common bile duct stones (CBD) have had poor clinical uptake due to low accuracy. This study explores the challenges of developing and implementing...
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The nitroimidazole pro-drugs delamanid and pretomanid comprise one of only two new antimicrobial classes approved to treat tuberculosis (TB) in 50 years. Prior in vitro studies suggest a relatively low barrier to nitroimidazole resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but clinical evidence is limited to date. We selected pretomanid-resistant M. tuberculosis mutants in two mouse models of TB using a range of pretomanid doses. The frequency of spontaneous resistance was approximately 10-5 CFU. Whole...
Bacterial infections and the rise of antibiotic resistance, especially multidrug resistance, have generated a clear need for discovery of novel therapeutics. We demonstrated that a small molecule drug PKZ18 targets the T-box mechanism and inhibits bacterial growth. The T-box is a structurally conserved riboswitch-like gene regulator in the 5'-untranslated region of numerous essential genes of Gram-positive bacteria. T-boxes are stabilized by cognate, unacylated tRNA ligands, allowing the formation...
We previously identified a small molecule inhibitor of capsule biogenesis (designated DU011) and identified its target as MprA, a MarR family transcriptional repressor of multidrug efflux pumps. Unlike other proposed MprA ligands such as salicylate and 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), DU011 does not alter E. coli antibiotic resistance and has significantly enhanced inhibition of capsule expression. We hypothesized that the potency and the unique action of DU011 are due to novel interactions with the MprA...
The activity of azithromycin, fusidic acid, vancomycin, doxycycline and minocycline were evaluated alone and in combination with SPR741. A total of 202 Escherichia coli and 221 Klebsiella pneumoniae were selected, and included a genome sequenced subset (267), which was screened in silico for β-lactamase, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) and tetracycline (tet) genes. Azithromycin (>16 mg/L), fusidic acid (>64 mg/L), vancomycin (>16 mg/L) and SPR741 (>8 mg/L) showed off-scale MIC...
Background: The threat of ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) necessitates new gonorrhea treatment regimens. Repurposing older antibiotics not routinely used for NG may expeditiously identify new therapies. Ideally, all recommended therapies should eradicate gonorrhea at the pharynx.Methods: Between April and September 2019, we enrolled men in an open-label, one-arm clinical trial of single-dose intramuscular aztreonam (2g). Enrollment criteria included 1) nucleic acid amplification...
Inhaled bacteriophage (phage) therapy is a potential alternative to conventional antibiotic therapy to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. However, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of phages are fundamentally different to antibiotics and the lack of understanding potentially limits optimal dosing. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo PK and PD profiles of antipseudomonal phage PEV31 delivered by pulmonary route in immune-suppressed mice....
The aim of this study was to describe the pharmacokinetics of ceftolozane/tazobactam in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of infected critically ill patients. In a prospective observational study, critically ill patients (≥ 18 years) with an indwelling external ventricular drain received a single intravenous dose of 3.0g ceftolozane/tazobactam. Serial plasma and CSF samples were collected for measurement of unbound ceftolozane and tazobactam concentration by liquid chromatography. Unbound concentration-time...
8-aminoquinoline compounds have long been the only therapeutic agents against latent hepatic malaria parasites. These have poor activity against the blood stage plasmodia causing acute malaria and must be used in conjunction with partner blood schizontocidal agents. We examined the impacts of one such agent, chloroquine, upon the activity of primaquine, an 8-aminoquinoline, against hepatic stages of Plasmodium cynomolgi, Plasmodium yoelii, Plasmodium berghei, and Plasmodium falciparum within several...
Congenital cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection may cause significant fetal malformation, lifelong disease and in severe cases fetal or neonatal death. Placental infection with HCMV is the major mechanism of mother to child transmission (MTCT) and fetal injury. Thus, any pharmaceutical antiviral interference to reduce viral load may reduce placental damage, MTCT, and fetal disease. However, there is currently no licensed HCMV antiviral for use during pregnancy. In this study aciclovir, and the HCMV-specific...
Cefepime-enmetazobactam is a novel ß-lactam- ß-lactamase inhibitor combination with broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against a range of multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae. This agent is being developed for a range of serious hospital infections. An understanding of the extent of partitioning of both ß-lactam- ß-lactamase inhibitor into the human lung is required to better understand the potential role of cefepime-enmetazobactam for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia. A total of 20 healthy...
Objectives: Isavuconazole is the newest triazole antifungal and displays a favourable pharmacokinetics and safety profile. Less is known about its long-term use in immunocompetent hosts.Methods: We performed a retrospective service evaluation of isavuconazole therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis . Adverse events (AEs) and dose adjustments made during routine clinical practice were recorded, and AEs were classified based on Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse...
Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infections are estimated to affect a quarter of the world's population,1 leading to 10 million TB cases and 1.2 million TB-related deaths in 2018.2...
Candida auris is a newly emerging fungal pathogen of humans and has attracted considerable attention from both the clinical and basic research communities. Clinical isolates of C. auris are often resistant to one or more antifungal agents. To explore how antifungal resistance develops, we performed experimental evolution assays in the current study using a fluconazole-susceptible isolate of C. auris (BJCA001). After a series of passages through medium containing increased concentrations of fluconazole,...
Here, we characterize the fosA genes from three E. coli clinical isolates recovered from Canadian patients. Each fosA sequence was individually overexpressed in E. coli BW25113 and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to assess their role in fosfomycin resistance. The findings from this study identify and functionally characterize FosA3, FosA8, and novel FosA7 members and highlight the importance of phenotypic characterization of fosA genes.
Mutations on ERG11 were detected by gene sequencing and amino acid alignment in 18 Candida tropicalis strains with different degrees of sensibility to VRC. ERG11 expression, sterols content and membrane permeability were also evaluated. We report three missense mutations in ERG11 that resulted in resistance to VRC. The transcriptional levels of ERG11 as well as the ergosterol content and membrane permeability do no demonstrated plenty correlation with the obtained MIC values but a tendency.
Pretomanid was approved by the USFDA, via the Limited Population Pathway for Antibacterial and Antifungal Drugs, as part of a three-drug regimen with bedaquiline and linezolid for treatment of extensively drug-resistant and treatment intolerant and non-responsive multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. The recommended dose of pretomanid is 200 mg once daily with food. The objective of this work was to retrospectively evaluate that recommended dose by means of exposure-response (E-R) modeling applied to...
WR99210, a former antimalarial drug candidate now widely used for the selection of Plasmodium transfectants, selectively targets the parasite dihydrofolate reductase thymidine synthase bifunctional enzyme (DHFR-TS) but not human DHFR, which is not fused with TS. Accordingly, WR99210 and plasmids expressing human dhfr have become valued tools for the genetic modification of parasites in the laboratory. Concerns over the ineffectiveness of WR99210 from some sources encouraged us to investigate the...
Nocardia spp. have a predilection for the lungs and brain as foci of infection, particularly in immunocompromised hosts (1, 2)....
This study aimed to test the efficacy of bacteriophage-antibiotic combinations (BAC) in vitro in 24h time kill settings and in ex vivo simulated endocardial vegetation (SEV) pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models for 96 h. BACs prevented development of bacteriophage resistance while some bacteriophage resistance emerged in bacteriophage alone treatments. In addition, BACs resulted in enhancement in bacterial eradication in SEV models. Our findings support the potential activity of BAC therapy for...
Background: Ventriculostomy-associated infections in critically ill patients remain therapeutically challenging because of drug and disease-related factors that contribute to suboptimal antibiotic concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid. Optimal antibiotic dosing for the treatment and prevention of such infections should be based on robust and contextually specific pharmacokinetic data.Objectives: To describe and critically appraise studies with reported antibiotic concentration or pharmacokinetic...
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Nasal colonization of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) plays a key role in the epidemiology and pathogenesis of both healthcare-associated and community-acquired MRSA infections in various popul...
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Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Protein Expression Is More Frequent in Acral Lentiginous Melanoma Than in Other Types of Cutaneous Melanoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2020 Oct 14;: Authors: Cho WC, Wang WL, Milton DR, Ingram DR, Nagarajan P, Curry JL, Ivan D, Lazar AJ, Hwu WJ, Prieto VG, Torres-Cabala CA, Aung PP Abstract CONTEXT.—: Molecularly distinct from cutaneous melanomas arising from sun-exposed sites, acral lentiginous melanomas (ALMs)...
Current Status of Clinical Application of Point-of-Care Testing. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2020 Oct 14;: Authors: Park HD Abstract CONTEXT.—: The clinical applications of point-of-care testing (POCT) are gradually increasing in many health care systems. Recently, POCT devices using molecular genetic method techniques have been developed. We need to examine clinical pathways to see where POCT can be applied to improve them. OBJECTIVE.—:...
Evaluating Estrogen Receptor Immunohistochemistry on Cell Blocks From Breast Cancer Patients in a Low-Resource Setting. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2020 Oct 14;: Authors: Kimambo AH, Vuhahula EA, Mwakigonja AR, Ljung BM, Zhang L, Van Loon K, Ng DL Abstract CONTEXT.—: Breast cancer biomarker assessment is critical in determining treatment and prognosis. In Tanzania, immunohistochemistry (IHC) is limited to surgical specimens and core biopsies. However,...
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58 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: Angiogenesis inhibitor These pubmed results were generated on 2020/10/19PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
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MRI-Based Assessment of the Pharyngeal Constrictor Muscle as a Predictor of Surgical Margin after Transoral Robotic Surgery in HPV-Positive Tonsillar Cancer. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020 Oct 15;: Authors: Kim YJ, Jeong WJ, Bae YJ, Kim H, Choi BS, Jung YH, Baik SH, Sunwoo L, Kim JH Abstract BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Transoral robotic surgery is an emerging strategy for treating human papillomavirus-positive cancers, but the role of MR imaging...
Image-Guided Biopsies in the Head and Neck: Practical Value and Approach. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020 Oct 15;: Authors: Aiken AH PMID: 33060103 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Location-Specific ASPECTS Paradigm in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020 Oct 15;: Authors: Seyedsaadat SM, Neuhaus AA, Pederson JM, Brinjikji W, Rabinstein AA, Kallmes DF Abstract BACKGROUND: Weighting neuroimaging findings based on eloquence can improve the predictive value of ASPECTS, possibly aiding in informed treatment decisions for acute ischemic stroke. PURPOSE: Our...
Centrally Reduced Diffusion Sign for Differentiation between Treatment-Related Lesions and Glioma Progression: A Validation Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020 Oct 15;: Authors: Alcaide-Leon P, Cluceru J, Lupo JM, Yu TJ, Luks TL, Tihan T, Bush NA, Villanueva-Meyer JE Abstract BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Differentiating between treatment-related lesions and tumor progression remains one of the greatest dilemmas in neuro-oncology. Diffusion MR...
Comparison of Dynamic Contrast-Enhancement Parameters between Gadobutrol and Gadoterate Meglumine in Posttreatment Glioma: A Prospective Intraindividual Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020 Oct 15;: Authors: Park JE, Kim JY, Kim HS, Shim WH Abstract BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Differences in molecular properties between one-molar and half-molar gadolinium-based contrast agents are thought to affect parameters obtained from dynamic contrast-enhanced...
Gadolinium Deposition and the Patient's View on the Problem. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020 Oct 15;: Authors: Böhm IB PMID: 33060099 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Can a Stent Retriever Damage the JET 7 Reperfusion Catheter? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020 Oct 15;: Authors: Pearly Ti J, Yeo L, Anil G Abstract We encountered 2 separate instances of damage to JET 7 reperfusion catheters when they were used in conjunction with a stent retriever during mechanical thrombectomy. On both occasions, after 1 or 2 passes with a stent retriever, we found that the distal end of the catheter was frayed and it ballooned...
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For patients who do not achieve ROSC early, is it better to stay on scene and continue resuscitation efforts or transport to the ED with CPR in progress?
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Publication date: Available online 18 October 2020Source: Acta Otorrinolaringológica EspañolaAuthor(s): Margarita Mesa-Marrero, Begoña de Frias-Berzosa, Elena Hernández-Montero, Andrea Alvarez-Roger, Paula Cruz-Toro
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Publication date: Available online 18 October 2020Source: Allergology InternationalAuthor(s): Takao Mochimaru, Shotaro Chubachi, Hidehiro Irie, Kaori Sakurai, Shinichi Okuzumi, Keeya Sunata, Katsunori Masaki, Jun Miyata, Hidetoshi Nakamura, Koichiro Asano, Koichi Fukunaga
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Technology adoption, provider resiliency and preparedness: Interpreting the EMS Trend Report 2020
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Summary Background Children with intrahepatic cholestasis and genetic variants which result in the disruption of the formation and maintenance of bile (ABCB11, ABCB4 and ATP8B1) generally have a rapidly progressive clinical course. Adults with different phenotypes of cholestasis are increasingly being evaluated for variants in these genes associated with childhood diseases. Aims To review the literature with respect to the presence of variants in cholestasis‐related genes in adults with...
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Publication date: Available online 17 October 2020Source: Annals of Diagnostic PathologyAuthor(s): Chunyan Hu, Huan Wang, Lan Lin, Xicai Sun, Dehui Wang
Publication date: Available online 17 October 2020Source: Annals of Diagnostic PathologyAuthor(s): Pitra Tomas, Pivovarcikova Kristyna, Alaghehbandan Reza, Eva Maria Compérat, Hora Milan, Joanna Rogala, Maryna Slisarenko, Michal Michal, Hes Ondrej
Publication date: Available online 17 October 2020Source: Annals of Diagnostic PathologyAuthor(s): Hiroshi Yoshida, Hiroki Tanaka, Takafumi Tsukada, Naoko Abeto, Mayumi Kobayashi-Kato, Yasuhito Tanase, Masaya Uno, Mitsuya Ishikawa, Tomoyasu Kato
Publication date: Available online 17 October 2020Source: Annals of Diagnostic PathologyAuthor(s): Wei Huang, Xiaoyu Tang, Jozef Malysz, Bing Han, Zhaohai Yang
Publication date: Available online 16 October 2020Source: Annals of Diagnostic PathologyAuthor(s): Dairong Zhang, Dan Du, Xiaofeng Li
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Publication date: January–February 2021Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology, Volume 42, Issue 1Author(s): Nihal Seden, Enes Yiğit, Özgür Yiğit, İsmail Kaygısız
Publication date: January–February 2021Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology, Volume 42, Issue 1Author(s): Ravjit Singh, William Karantanis, Matthew Fadhil, Cassie Dow, Jordan Fuzi, Rachelle Robinson, Ian Jacobson
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Objective Cupping therapy may reduce muscle stiffness for managing fatigue. However, there is no scientific evidence showing changes of muscle stiffness after cupping therapy. Furthermore, it is unclear whether the cup size of cupping therapy affects the change of muscle stiffness. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of cup size of cupping therapy on muscle stiffness. Design A repeated measures design with a counterbalanced design was used to test three cup sizes (45,...
Background The nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) is a physiological, polysynaptic reflex triggered by a nociceptive stimulus activating a withdrawal response. In chronic musculoskeletal related pain conditions, a decreased NFR threshold has been suggested as a possible recognition evidence for central sensitization that may cause alteration of central nervous system processing (CNSP). Objective To systematically review reported comparisons of the NFR threshold in chronic pain patients...
Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is one of the most commonly diagnosed spinal disorders worldwide and remains a major cause for surgery in older adults. LSS is clinically defined as a progressive degenerative disorder with low back pain and associated neurogenic intermittent claudication (NIC). Conservative and surgical management of LSS has been shown to be minimally effective on its symptoms. A treatment option that has not been investigated in the United States is the utilization of Prostaglandin...
The field of PM&R should strive for a physician workforce that is ethnically/racially, gender, and ability diverse. Considering the recent realities of disparities in health outcomes related to COVID-19 and in racial injustice in the US, we are called to be champions for anti-racism and equity. The specialty of PM&R should be the leaders in fostering a culture of inclusion and pay special attention to the population of applicants who are underrepresented in medicine. The specialty needs tools...
Objective We explored the process of cancer care for patients with pre-existing mobility disability, focusing on treatment decisions and experiences. Design We recruited 20 participants with pre-existing mobility disability, requiring use of an assistive device or assistance with activities of daily living, subsequently diagnosed with cancer (excluding skin cancers). We conducted open-ended individual interviews, which reached data saturation and were transcribed verbatim for conventional...
Objective The relationship between autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is unclear. We aimed to survey the occurrence and characteristics of CTS in ARDs and IBDs, compared with the general population. Methods We used the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2015 from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Patients diagnosed with ARDs/IBDs were identified. The incidence rates and surgical rates of...
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