Τρίτη 13 Οκτωβρίου 2020

 

Identification of the significant pathways of Banxia Houpu decoction in the treatment of depression based on network pharmacology
by Zi-ying Chen, Dan-feng Xie, Zhi-yuan Liu, Yong-qi Zhong, Jing-yan Zeng, Zheng Chen, Xin-lin Chen Banxia Houpu decoction (BXHPD) has been used to treat depression in clinical practice for centuries. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of BXHPD still remain unclear. Network Pharmacology (NP) approach was used to explore the potential molecular mechanisms of BXHPD in treating depression. Potential active compounds of BXHPD were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology...
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Youth friendly sexual and reproductive health service utilization among high and preparatory school students in Debre Tabor town, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross sectional study
by Amare Simegn, Telake Azale, Abebaw Addis, Mulugeta Dile, Yitayal Ayalew, Biniam Minuye Background Youth continue to fall victim to sexual and reproductive health problems. Despite, reproductive health needs of youth had been supported by different organizations, utilization of those services is low. All efforts have not been felt across the Ethiopian learning institutions as is evidenced by persistent reproductive health problems. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of youth...
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The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on mental health of undergraduate students in New Jersey, cross-sectional study
by Aleksandar Kecojevic, Corey H. Basch, Marianne Sullivan, Nicole K. Davi Objective The COVID-19 pandemic has been a period of upheaval for college students. The objective of this study was to assess the factors associated with the increased levels of mental health burden among a sample of undergraduate college students in Northern New Jersey, the region of the U.S. severely impacted by the outbreak of COVID-19. Methods College students (N = 162) enrolled in an introductory core curriculum course...
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Safety of bedside surgical tracheostomy during COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective observational study
by Edoardo Picetti, Anna Fornaciari, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Laura Malchiodi, Silvia Grossi, Filippo Di Lella, Maurizio Falcioni, Giulia D’Angelo, Emanuele Sani, Sandra Rossi Data regarding safety of bedside surgical tracheostomy in novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) mechanically ventilated patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) are lacking. We performed this study to assess the safety of bedside surgical tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU. This retrospective, single-center,...
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Association of the cyclooxygenase-2 1759A allele with migraine in Chinese Han individuals
by Xinying Guan, Changhong Dong, Pinhuan Zhu, Cheng Chen, Teng Wang, Mengping Wu, Xin Dong Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of migraine, and some polymorphisms are known to affect the expression of COX-2. This retrospective case-control study aimed to explore the associations between the -765 G>C (rs20417), -1759 G>A (rs3218625), and -8473 C>T (rs5275) COX-2 polymorphisms and migraine in Chinese Han individuals. One hundred and ten unrelated Han Chinese...
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Framing COVID-19: How we conceptualize and discuss the pandemic on Twitter
by Philipp Wicke, Marianna M. Bolognesi Doctors and nurses in these weeks and months are busy in the trenches, fighting against a new invisible enemy: Covid-19. Cities are locked down and civilians are besieged in their own homes, to prevent the spreading of the virus. War-related terminology is commonly used to frame the discourse around epidemics and diseases. The discourse around the current epidemic makes use of war-related metaphors too, not only in public discourse and in the media, but...
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Cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening with primary HPV testing for unvaccinated women in Sweden
by Sara Fogelberg, Mark S. Clements, Kine Pedersen, Stephen Sy, Pär Sparén, Jane J. Kim, Emily A. Burger Background Sweden revised their cervical cancer screening program in 2017 to include cytology-based screening for women aged 23–29 years and primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing for women aged 30–64 years; however, alternative strategies may be preferred. To inform cervical cancer prevention policies for unvaccinated women, we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of alternative screening strategies,...
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Behavioral and sociodemographic predictors of anxiety and depression in patients under epidemiological surveillance for COVID-19 in Ecuador
by Clara Paz, Guido Mascialino, Lila Adana-Díaz, Alberto Rodríguez-Lorenzana, Katherine Simbaña-Rivera, Lenin Gómez-Barreno, Maritza Troya, María Ignacia Paez, Javier Cárdenas, Rebekka M. Gerstner, Esteban Ortiz-Prado Ecuador has been one of the most affected countries by the Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, by April 2020 this country presented the highest rates of mortality in Latin America. The purpose of the present study was to identify behaviors during confinement and sociodemographic...
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Periodized versus non-periodized swimming training with equal total training load: Physiological, molecular and performance adaptations in Wistar rats
by Lucas D. M. Forte, Natália A. Rodrigues, André V. Cordeiro, Thais de Fante, Laís A. P. Simino, Adriana S. Torsoni, Márcio A. Torsoni, Claudio A. Gobatto, Fúlvia B. Manchado-Gobatto This study investigated the effect of non-periodized training performed at 80, 100 and 120% of the anaerobic threshold intensity (AnT) and a linear periodized training model adapted for swimming rats on the gene expression of monocarboxylate transporters 1 and 4 (MCT1 and 4, in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles),...
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Prednisolone suppresses adriamycin-induced vascular smooth muscle cell senescence and inflammatory response via the SIRT1-AMPK signaling pathway
by Jin Young Sung, Seul Gi Kim, Jae-Ryong Kim, Hyoung Chul Choi Cellular senescence is associated with inflammation and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) of secreted proteins. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) expressing the SASP contributes to chronic vascular inflammation, loss of vascular function, and the developments of age-related diseases. Although VSMC senescence is well recognized, the mechanism of VSMC senescence and inflammation has not been established. In this...
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Institutional environments and breakthroughs in science. Comparison of France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States
by Thomas Heinze, Marie von der Heyden, David Pithan Scientific and/or technical breakthroughs require the exploration of novel ideas and technologies. Yet, it has not been studied quantitatively how national institutional contexts either facilitate or stifle organizational support for exploration. Available qualitative evidence suggests that institutional contexts that exert weak control over universities and research organizations strengthen their capabilities to achieve scientific breakthroughs,...
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Under five and infant mortality in Chile (1990-2016): Trends, disparities, and causes of death
by Ximena Aguilera, Iris Delgado, Gloria Icaza, Mauricio Apablaza, Loreto Villanueva, Carla Castillo-Laborde Background Child health has been a health policy priority for more than a century in Chile. Since 2000, new health and intersectoral interventions have been implemented. However, no recent analyses have explored child mortality and equity in Chile, an indispensable input to guide policies towards the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, specially, in the context of a deeply...
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Impact of mutations in homologous recombination repair genes on treatment outcomes for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer
by Alexander S. Carlson, Rigo I. Acevedo, Daniel M. Lim, Roman Gulati, Agnes Gawne, Alexandra O. Sokolova, Heather H. Cheng, Peter S. Nelson, R. Bruce Montgomery, Evan Y. Yu, Michael T. Schweizer Introduction A significant proportion of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) harbor mutations in homologous recombination (HR) repair genes, with some of these mutations associating with increased tumor susceptibility to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and...
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Monitoring chest compression rate in automated external defibrillators using the autocorrelation of the transthoracic impedance
by Sofía Ruiz de Gauna, Jesus María Ruiz, Jose Julio Gutiérrez, Digna María González-Otero, Daniel Alonso, Carlos Corcuera, Juan Francisco Urtusagasti Aim High-quality chest compressions is challenging for bystanders and first responders to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Long compression pauses and compression rates higher than recommended are common and detrimental to survival. Our aim was to design a simple and low computational cost algorithm for feedback on compression rate using the...
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Development and external validation of a prediction risk model for short-term mortality among hospitalized U.S. COVID-19 patients: A proposal for the COVID-AID risk tool
by Kaveh Hajifathalian, Reem Z. Sharaiha, Sonal Kumar, Tibor Krisko, Daniel Skaf, Bryan Ang, Walker D. Redd, Joyce C. Zhou, Kelly E. Hathorn, Thomas R. McCarty, Ahmad Najdat Bazarbashi, Cheikh Njie, Danny Wong, Lin Shen, Evan Sholle, David E. Cohen, Robert S. Brown Jr., Walter W. Chan, Brett E. Fortune Background The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has created unprecedented medical challenges. There remains a need for validated risk prediction models to assess short-term mortality risk...
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Measurement-based evaluation of Google/Apple Exposure Notification API for proximity detection in a light-rail tram
by Douglas J. Leith, Stephen Farrell We report on the results of a Covid-19 contact tracing app measurement study carried out on a standard design of European commuter tram. Our measurements indicate that in the tram there is little correlation between Bluetooth received signal strength and distance between handsets. We applied the detection rules used by the Italian, Swiss and German apps to our measurement data and also characterised the impact on performance of changes in the parameters used...
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Musical preferences of Brazilian high school students
by Oswaldo Lorenzo-Quiles, João F. Soares-Quadros Jr., Johanna E. Abril Music is considered a vital element in young people’s lives. It functions as an important means for expressing the emotions and feelings they experience in a daily basis. As such, this study explores the music preferences of high school Brazilian students (N = 940), 530 female (56.9%) and 410 male (43.1%) participants between 14 and 20 years old (M = 16.14 years old, SD = 1.22). The main instrument for data collection was...
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Surficial N<sup>+</sup> charge density indicating antibacterial capacity of quaternary ammonium resins in water environment
by Huaicheng Zhang, Aimin Li, Kaiqin Bian, Shanqi Shen, Peng Shi The antibacterial effects of quaternary ammonium resins (QARs) have been reported for decades, but there are few practical applications because of limited improvements in bactericidal capacity and the absence of an efficient antibacterial-indicating parameter. An in-situ determination method of surficial N+ groups for QARs, defined as surficial N+ charge density, was first established to merely quantify the exposed surficial quaternary...
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Production of a polyclonal antibody against inosine-uridine preferring nucleoside hydrolase of <i>Acanthamoeba castellanii</i> and its access to diagnosis of <i>Acanthamoeba</i> keratitis
by So-Min Park, Hae-Ahm Lee, Ki-Back Chu, Fu-Shi Quan, Su-Jung Kim, Eun-Kyung Moon Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a rare disease but its prevalence throughout the globe continues to grow, primarily due to increased contact lens usage. Since early-stage symptoms associated with AK closely resemble those from other corneal infections, accurate diagnosis is difficult and this often results in delayed treatment and exacerbation of the disease, which can lead to permanent visual impairment. Accordingly,...
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Comparing a novel machine learning method to the Friedewald formula and Martin-Hopkins equation for low-density lipoprotein estimation
by Gurpreet Singh, Yasin Hussain, Zhuoran Xu, Evan Sholle, Kelly Michalak, Kristina Dolan, Benjamin C. Lee, Alexander R. van Rosendael, Zahra Fatima, Jessica M. Peña, Peter W. F. Wilson, Antonio M. Gotto Jr., Leslee J. Shaw, Lohendran Baskaran, Subhi J. Al’Aref Background Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a target for cardiovascular prevention. Contemporary equations for LDL-C estimation have limited accuracy in certain scenarios (high triglycerides [TG], very low LDL-C). Objectives...
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