Evaluation The Outcome Of Various Laser Therapy Applications In Root Canal Disinfection: A Systematic Review

Evaluation The Outcome Of Various Laser Therapy Applications In Root Canal Disinfection: A Systematic Review:



Publication date: Available online 3 December 2019

Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

Author(s): Ioana Roxana Bordea, Reem Hanna, Nasim Chiniforush, Elena Grădinaru, Radu Septimiu Câmpian, Adina Sîrbu, Andrea Amaroli, Stefano Benedicenti

ABSTRACT

Background

Any successful endodontic therapy requires elimination of the endodontic biofilms through meticulous root canal disinfection methods. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are the most common effective irrigants, in removing smear-layer from the coronal and middle thirds of the dental canals but reduced considerably towards the apical one third. In recent years, newly alternative treatment modalities have been proposed, including high-power lasers and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Our work conducted to evalaute the outcome of root canal disinfection in relation to the efficacy of various treatment modalities. Furthermore, every effort was made to present an overview of the aPDT outcomes, as a model for this application, and to propose laser parameters protocol with positive results.

Methods

The electronic databases PubMed was searched from January 2013- January 2019. Our inclusive criteria based on laser therapy applications, as a model for root canal disinfection. The search terms utilised various combinations as follows: photodynamic therapy or antimicrobial photodynamic therapy or photoactivated disinfection or light activated disinfection or laser activated disinfection or laser therapy, and endodontic.

Results

The results of this systematic review concluded that the effectiveness of aPDT and various laser wavelengths protocols, in removing endodontic biofilms from infected root canals, remains unattainable.

Conclusions

Study concluded that combination of aPDT with antimicrobial irrigants could provide a synergetic effect. However, due to the heterogeneity of the selected studies and their limitations, in terms of lack of standardised protocol or discrepancy in the methodology, authors suggest further validated approach to achieve optimal outcomes.