Topical cholesterol/lovastatin for the treatment of porokeratosis: A pathogenesis-directed therapy

Topical cholesterol/lovastatin for the treatment of porokeratosis: A pathogenesis-directed therapy:

Publication date: January 2020

Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 82, Issue 1

Author(s): Lihi Atzmony, Young H. Lim, Claire Hamilton, Jonathan S. Leventhal, Annette Wagner, Amy S. Paller, Keith A. Choate

Background

Porokeratosis is associated with mevalonate pathway gene mutations. Therapeutic options are few and often limited in efficacy. We hypothesized that topical therapy that aims to replenish cholesterol, an essential mevalonate pathway end-product, and block the accumulation of mevalonate pathway toxic metabolites could alleviate porokeratosis.

Objective

To study the efficacy of topical cholesterol/lovastatin in different variants of porokeratosis.

Methods

We enrolled a series of 5 porokeratosis patients,1 with disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, 2 with porokeratosis palmaris et plantaris disseminata, and 2 with linear porokeratosis. Patients were genotyped before initiation of therapy. Patients then applied topical cholesterol/lovastatin twice daily to a unilaterally defined treatment area for up to 3 months. The response was evaluated and patients photographed at every visit.

Results

Three patients had MVD mutations, and 2 patients had PMVK mutations. Treatment with topical cholesterol/lovastatin (but not cholesterol alone) resulted in near complete clearance of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis lesions after 4 weeks of therapy and moderate improvement of porokeratosis palmaris et plantaris disseminata lesions and linear porokeratosis lesions. There were no adverse events.

Limitations

Case series design with a small number of patients.

Conclusion

Topical cholesterol/lovastatin is an effective and well-tolerated therapy for porokeratosis that underscores the utility of a pathogenesis-based therapy that replaces deficient end products and prevents accumulation of potentially toxic precursors.