ConclusionsOur results suggest that the PR status has a profound effect on tyrosine kinases, especially for FGFR4 and LCK genes, in ER+/HER2 − breast cancer patients. The influence of these genes on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway may potentially lead to novel drug targets for ER+/PR− breast cancer patients. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
ConclusionsDespite many limitations of this literature, including the heterogeneity of study designs, differing sample sizes, across different countries, cultures, ethnicities, and races, most studies support that optimism and coping are predictors of anxiety, distress, depression, or HRQOL. Awareness of these psychological constructs and their potential impact on anxiety, depression, and HRQOL are a high priority. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
ConclusionsOur data show instead that parity impacts on the stem-like activity of cells outside the MaSC population. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
ConclusionsHigh Ki-67 is a strong predictor for pCR in HER2+ breast cancer. TIL and FOXP3 T cells may play a role in tumor response in HER2+ cancer. PD-L1 is expressed in a subset of HER2+ breast cancer, supporting a role of immunotherapy in treating a subset of HER2+ breast cancers. The role of PD-L1, TIL, and other markers of immunogenicity as pred ictors of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in HER2+ breast cancer should be further evaluated. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
ConclusionsThis tool generates a clinically consistent, risk-stratified priority list of breast surgical procedures delayed by the COVID-19 pandemic. This systematic approach may facilitate surgical scheduling as conditions normalize. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
ConclusionsAlthough further psychometric testing is recommended, initial evaluation of the DMD showed good content validity and practicability in international research with cancer patients. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
ConclusionPatients with radial scar with atypia have a higher risk of upgrade to malignancy. Further research is needed to identify which patients may safely avoid excision of radial scar. Patients with a diagnosis of radial scar on CNB are at increased subsequent risk of breast cancer and may benefit from additional screening. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
ConclusionsBCT did not significantly affect survival outcomes of young patients with breast cancer. Superior survival of BCT compared to mastectomy was observed only in old patients. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
ConclusionsOur data confirm that rad-path concordant benign papillomas diagnosed on core biopsy do not require surgery. It also supports the value of a formal multi-specialty review of all benign papilloma cases to create a consensus management plan. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
ConclusionIrrespective of tumor grade, we found that DM was a rarer event than LR. Malignant PT had the highest incidence rate of LR and DM. This meta-analysis found a clear association between width of margins and LR rates. Whatever the tumor grade, surgical margins ≥ 10 mm guaranteed a lower risk of LR than margins < 10 mm. On the other hand, the width of margin did not influence the apparition of DM. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
ConclusionsBoth AC-based regimens and CMF significantly compromise ovarian reserve, without a recovery beyond 12 months post-chemotherapy. In contrast, tamoxifen-only treatment does not seem to alter ovarian reserve. These data indicate that the commonly used chemotherapy regimens but not the hormonal therapy compromise future reproductive potential. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
ConclusionsNo significant differences were observed in survival outcomes between patients with IBTR who underwent repeat lumpectomy or total mastectomy. Our results can be helpful in selecting the appropriate surgical method for IBTR. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
ConclusionUse of breast MRI was not significantly associated with an improved OS or DFS in patients treated with primary surgery. (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment)
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To evaluate inter-fractional variations in bladder and rectum during prostate stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and determine dosimetric and clinical consequences. (Source: Radiation Oncology)
Lung cancer is a fatal disease and a serious health problem worldwide. Patients are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, and the effectiveness of chemotherapy for such patients is very limited. Iodine 125 s... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
Nearly 50% of new gastric cancer cases and gastric cancer-related deaths worldwide occur in China. No global consensus has been reached about the optimal management of locally advanced gastric cancer. Although... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
In this study, 3D dose reconstruction using mega... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) improves dose homogeneity and late toxicity compared to simple tangential techniques in adjuvant whole-breast radiotherapy for patients with breast cancer. Simultaneous-... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
To evaluate the clinical outcomes of combination of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), whole pelvic radiotherapy (WPRT), and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) boost in high-risk prostate cancer patients. (Source: Radiation Oncology)
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and short-course radiotherapy followed by resection has been gaining recognition in the treatment of rectal cancer. Avelumab is a fully human immunoglobulin that binds Programmed Death... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
Feasibility study: spot-scanning proton arc therapy (SPArc) for left-sided whole breast radiotherapy
This study investigated the feasibility and potential clinical benefit of utilizing a new proton treatment technique: Spot-scanning proton arc (SPArc) therapy for left-sided whole breast radiotherapy (WBRT) to... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
Proton pencil beam scanning (PBS) represents an interesting option for the treatment of breast cancer (BC) patients with nodal involvement. Here we compare tangential 3D-CRT and VMAT to PBS proton therapy (PT)... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
Conservative surgery followed by breast and nodal irradiation is the standard loco-regional early breast cancer (BC) treatment for patients with four or more involved lymph nodes. However, the treatment strate... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of nimotuzumab in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC). (Source: Radiation Oncology)
We presented our outcomes and treatment-related toxicities with moderately hypofractionated (67.5 Gy in 25 fr... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
This article aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of 68Gallium-PSMA positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (68Ga-PSMA PET/CT) for lymph node (LN) staging in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) by a... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been increasingly applied for up to 10 brain metastases instead of whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) to achieve local tumor control while reducing neurotoxicity. Furtherm... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
In this report, we will focus on a management model covering the two... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
In addition to the direct effects of irradiation, the induced inflammatory response may play an important role in the damage to the inner ear caused by radiotherapy for the treatment of head and neck cancers. ... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
Squamous metaplasia (SM) is an irreversible form of airway epithelial remodeling. Hyperproliferation of basal cells was observed in squamous metaplastic epithelium of chronically inflamed airway. However, the ... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
Rotational beam delivery enables concurrent acquisition of cone-beam CT (CBCT), thereby facilitating further geometric verification of patient setup during radiation treatment. However, it is challenging to ac... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
The prognostic significance of cardiac radiation dose in esophageal cancer after definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) remains largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the association between cardiac ... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
We aimed to explore the efficacy of orbital radiotherapy (RT) in patients with moderate-to-severe active Graves ’ orbitopathy (GO), including long-lasting disease, and to determine the predictive factors associ... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of different treatment strategies and the potential prognostic factors of esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB). (Source: Radiation Oncology)
To compare long-term disease-related outcomes and late radiation morbidity between intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) in head and neck squamous c... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
In this study, we employed a gated recurrent unit (GRU)-based recurrent neural network (RNN) using dosimetric information induced by individual beam to predict the dose-volume histogram (DVH) and investigated ... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
Ultrahypofractionation using stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an increasingly utilized technique for men with prostate cancer (PC). The comparative efficacy of SBRT plus androgen deprivation therapy (A... (Source: Radiation Oncology)
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AbstractMedical school clerkship offers third year medical students multiple opportunities to acquire clinical experience through real patient interactions and integration into the healthcare teams of different specialities. As part of the general surgery rotation, medical students are invited to scrub in to assist with surgeries —a chance to simultaneously gain medical knowledge while developing technical skills. They learn that there is a possibility of inflicting harm to the patient at every step...
This study aimed to assess the knowledge of oral cancer and to ascertain socio-demographic factors that influence knowledge amongst adult dental patients attending public clinics in Brisbane, Australia. A convenience sample of 213 adult dental patients who attended the Herston and Stafford public health clinics in Brisbane, Australia, between July and August 2019 participated in the self-administered questionnaire. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictors for oral cancer knowledge....
AbstractTherapeutic radiographers (TRs) are well-placed to deliver advice to cancer patients; however, limited research exists on their practices in providing advice on healthy lifestyle behaviours. Through an online survey, this study aimed to explore TRs ’ current practices, barriers, and facilitators around delivering healthy behaviour advice to cancer patients. An online survey was sent to 72 radiotherapy departments in the UK and 583 TRs responded to the survey. Findings showed that levels of...
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AbstractThe emerging discipline of oncofertility advocates for the timely provision of fertility preservation (FP) to all cancer patients of childbearing age by healthcare providers. A lack of practice due to limited FP-related knowledge was found among healthcare providers. A systematic review was undertaken on the educational programs on FP for healthcare providers. An initial search was performed in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases in October 2019. This review...
We report on a multicentered experience utilizing a simulated RCA educational module in an attempt to provide fellows with the tools needed to participate in a live RCA and to increase awareness of the need to analyze patient safety events. The 2-h module included a didactic session explaining the basics of an RCA including common terminology, effective chart review, and personal interviews. The fellows assessed a patient safety event of a missed coagulopathy and created an event flow map and fishbone...
AbstractThe study aim was to evaluate the costs associated with developing and reviewing patient education materials (pamphlets) across Ontario cancer centers. While patient education often produces a positive return on investment, limited efforts have been dedicated to optimizing the personnel, time, and capital dedicated to this feat across healthcare systems. Patient education leaders at 14 cancer centers completed a survey measure, estimating the number of hours spent developing and reviewing...
This study aimed to evaluate the awareness and practice of breast self-examination (BSE) and the awareness of screening and risk factors for breast cancer among patients from a mastology clinic and to associate such findings with sociodemographic factors of that population. A total of 202 randomly selected patients from the outpatient clinic of the Mastology Unit of S ão Paulo School of Medicine were interviewed. A structured questionnaire was used and included questions regarding sociodemographic...
AbstractThis essay is a personal reflection highlighting the importance of spirituality in the care of cancer patients and their families especially at the end-of-life. (Source: Journal of Cancer Education)
We describe an iterative three-phase approach used to develop a cancer survivorship health-coaching intervention to guide self-management and follow-up care for post-treatment breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer survivors. Informed by theory (e.g., Cognitive-Social Health Information Processing Model (C-SHIP)), relevant literature, and clinical guidelines, we engaged in a user-centered design process. In phase I, we conducted depth interviews with survivors of breast (n = 34), prostate (n = 4),...
This study explored the educational gaps in caring for children and young people with cancer. To address this, a mixed methodology approach was adopted in two phases. Phase one was a questionnaire circulated to healthcare professional members (n = 850) of the Children’s Cancer and Leukaemia Group and Managed Service Network, Scotland. Response rate (n = 121) (14%) was achieved. In phase two of the study, a focus groups (n = 4) was conducted with young people in Scotland through the Managed Service...
AbstractSun exposure in childhood is a major risk factor for the development of skin cancer as an adult. School children spend much of their time outdoors exposed to ultraviolet radiation during recreational and sports activities. Skin cancer incidence tripled from 1978 to 2002 in Spain. Andalusia, the largest and sunniest region of Spain, lacks data on the sun protection measures taken in schools. To address this deficit, the aim of this study was to determine photoprotection practices and policies...
This study utilized a single-arm pretest-posttest design. Participants were tested before and after an educational program to measure changes in knowledge. To measure QOL change, we conducted a QOL survey at the time of enrollment and again 6 months later. Regarding the knowledge test, mean scores increased from 9.62 to 14.74 points following education (p < 0.001). After 6 months, 97 patients completed the QOL survey and the data were analyzed, showing significant improvements in anxiety (p = 0.021),...
AbstractIn this paper, we present the case of a 48-year-old woman diagnosed with early breast cancer. As candidate for mastectomy, she refused immediate reconstruction. She was referred to a psycho-oncologist for further evaluation and support. Psychological sessions helped reveal a history of intimate partner violence and helped clarify the reason for her refusal to undergo immediate reconstruction. Experience with this case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary practice in which collaboration...
AbstractBreast cancer is the second incident and second cause of cancer mortality among women in Tanzania due to late-stage presentation. The screening clinic at the Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI) can help detect cases early and reduce cost of treatment. We calculated the return on investment (ROI) of the ORCI breast screening clinic. Screening and treatment data of all newly diagnosed breast cancer patients seen at ORCI during 2016 –2018 were abstracted from the medical records. Also, data on...
AbstractThe marriage rate of cancer survivors is lower than that of the general population and their siblings. This appears to be attributable to negative images and stigma in society regarding cancer and cancer survivors. In order to improve images and decrease stigma regarding cancer and cancer survivors, this study aimed to develop an educational program that primarily focuses on dating and marriage after cancer diagnosis. The education program was conducted for university students, and among...
AbstractWith the increasing numbers of individuals surviving a diagnosis of cancer, an aging population, and more individuals experiencing multi-morbidity, primary care providers (PCPs) are seeing more patients with a history of cancer. Effective strategies are needed to adequately prepare the primary care workforce for the phase of cancer care now widely recognized as survivorship. A survivorship education program for rural primary care practices was developed using a community engagement process...
This study was design ed using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach and involved eight FGDs with 67 older (65–74 years old) black and white residents from Baltimore City and Prince George’s County, MD. FGDs lasted between 90 and 120 min, and participants received a $25 Target gift card for their p articipation. Analysis involved an inductive approach in which we went through a series of open and axial coding techniques to generate themes and subthemes. Multiple themes emerged...
AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer characterized by abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow, resulting in increased risk of infection. Autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is the most effective treatment for MM, but successful transplant requires the patient and caregiver to learn and independently implement medical tasks. The Ready for Transplant (R4T) ethnographic-based formative evaluation includes evaluation of ongoing patient education and the addition of novel supplemental...
(Source: Journal of Cancer Education)
(Source: Journal of Cancer Education)
AbstractWe built a virtual reality (VR) application that runs on a commercially available standalone VR headset that allows patients to view a virtual simulation of themselves receiving radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to determine if this experience can improve patient understanding of radiotherapy and/or reduce patient anxiety. We created software that reads data from our clinical treatment planning system and renders the plan on a life-size “virtual linear accelerator.” The patient’s...
AbstractWhen detected early, melanoma is highly treatable and rarely fatal. Self-skin checks can identify changes in moles that could be an indicator of melanoma. Cancer risk perceptions may influence the uptake of important preventive health behaviors such as self-skin checks. The purpose of this study is to examine cancer risk perception factors associated with those who have checked their skin for signs of skin cancer using the 2017 HINTS data. Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of a nationally...
AbstractNowadays, prevention, control and treatment of cervical cancer are a worldwide public health priority. Primary objective of this study was to evaluate the level of awareness of female Syrian refugees who have recently settled in Greece regarding the warning signs and the risk factors of cervical cancer. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study that was conducted in two facilities of the Hellenic Red Cross. The Cervical Cancer Awareness Measure questionnaire was addressed to 176 female...
AbstractWhile much is known about the initial communication of a definitive pediatric cancer diagnosis by the child ’s pediatric oncologist, little is known about the discussions leading up to this formal conversation, which are often had with nononcologists. We sought to describe these initial conversations regarding the possibility of a child’s oncologic diagnosis, from the perspective of both the patient/f amily as well as the provider. Semistructured interviews were performed with individuals...
AbstractDifferent patients want to take different roles in the treatment decision-making process; these roles can be classified as passive, collaborative, and active. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between decision-making preferences among patients with prostate cancer and personal, disease-related, and structural factors. In four survey studies, we asked 7169 prostate cancer patients about their decision-making preferences using the Control Preferences Scale (CPS) and collected...
AbstractThe study explored the role of healthcare organisations in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates, in improving women ’s breast cancer awareness and screening participation in a multi-cultural society. In-depth interviews were conducted with eight representatives from five healthcare organisations involved in breast cancer campaigns in RAK including hospitals, clinics, and universities. The interviews were analys ed using thematic analysis. The organisations’ campaigns focused on breast cancer...
AbstractRising incidence of cancer coupled with lack of structured oncology teaching in the undergraduate (UG) medical curriculum could be detrimental by generating unmet needs in the proper care of cancer patients in the future. To determine the orientation amongst undergraduate medical students regarding Oncology as a specialization and future career option, a cross-sectional, single institutional study was conducted amongst 950 undergraduate students by using an online survey over 2 months. The...
This study was a qualitative study that assessed mothers’ acceptability and concerns regarding uptake of HPV vaccine by their adolescent daughters. In-dept h interviews were conducted with 20 mothers of adolescents girls aged 9–15 years. A snowballing sampling technique was adopted to select the mothers within the community. Consent was obtained for the use of audiotapes, which were transcribed verbatim with thematic analysis of data. Mothers were b etween the ages of 30–49 years and most of them...
(Source: Journal of Cancer Education)
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Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals,Volume 35, Issue 8, Page 628-628, October 2020. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Puerarin Inhibits the Progression of Bladder Cancer by Regulating circ_0020394/miR-328-3p/NRBP1 Axis
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
LncRNA SNHG6 Induces Epithelial –Mesenchymal Transition of Pituitary Adenoma Via Suppressing MiR-944
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print. (Source: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals)
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Abstract Purpose While cancer mortality has declined by 27% between 1991 and 2016 in the United States, there are large disparities in cancer mortality by racial/ethnic groups, socioeconomic status and access to care. The purpose of this analysis is to compare trends in cancer mortality among regions (Service Planning Areas, SPAs) in Los Angeles (LA) County that vary with respect to racial/ethnic distribution and social determinants...
Abstract Purpose Our aim is to examine the associations between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), common biomarkers of inflammation and insulin resistance, respectively, with breast cancer risk, while adjusting for measures of excess body size. Methods We conducted a nested case–control study within...
Abstract Purpose Diets with a high glycemic load (GL) or glycemic index (GI) may increase cancer risk. Findings from prior studies on the relationship between GL, GI, and lung cancer risk are inconsistent. We investigated this relationship in a large prospective cohort. Methods We analyzed data from the Southern Community Cohort Study,...
Abstract The Your Disease Risk tool (yourdiseaserisk.wustl.edu) went live to the public in January 2000 and was one of the first personalized health risk assessment sites on the Internet. Its launch marked the culmination of years of work by a large, multi-disciplinary university team whose primary goal was to translate the science on cancer prevention into accurate, engaging, and useful messages for the public. Today, 20 years on, Your Disease Risk has expanded from its initial...
Abstract Purpose Digoxin affects several cellular pathways involved in tumorigenesis. We sought to determine the association between digoxin use and pancreatic cancer risk and survival. Methods A nested case–control study using The Health Improvement Network (THIN), a population-representative database from the United Kingdom (UK). Cases included all...
Abstract Purpose To examine cancer prevalence in men with and without military service history, using national-level self-reported outcomes. Methods A cross-sectional survey-based US study, including men aged 18 and above from the Health Information National Trends Survey database between 2011 and 2014. The primary endpoint was self-reported cancer...
Abstract The association between obesity and prostate cancer has been extensively studied, but clear answers have evaded us. Most of the studies have been based on a single time-point measure, most commonly of body mass index (BMI) during adulthood. Emerging data suggest a complex pattern that may be better understood through a life course approach. The data suggest that early life adiposity, possibly before or during puberty, as being associated with lower risk of advanced...
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Publication date: Available online 17 October 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*PhysicsAuthor(s): Sara Chabi, Thi Hong Van To, Ron Leavitt, Sandrine Poglio, Patrik Gonçalves Jorge, Maud Jaccard, Kristoffer Petersson, Benoit Petit, Paul-Henri Roméo, Françoise Pflumio, Marie-Catherine Vozenin, Benjamin Uzan
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s):
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Barbara J. Fisher
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Gagan Saini, Rakesh Jalali
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Loren K. Mell, Ronghui Xu, Cheryl C. Saenz
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Sezin Yuce Sari, Melis Gultekin, Ferah Yildiz
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Stuart H. Burri, Matthew C. Ward, Roshan S. Prabhu
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Raymond B. Mailhot Vega
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Katie L. Spencer, Alison C. Tree
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Neil B. Desai, Aurelie Garant, Raquibul Hannan, Michael R. Folkert
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Dirk Böhmer, Stefan Höcht, Thomas Wiegel
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Daniel E. Spratt, Jonathan D. Tward
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Eli Sapir, Benjamin W. Corn
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Bonnie S. Mason
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Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Christina H. Son, Yasmin Hasan
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Lisa Singer, Larissa J. Lee
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Ritu Arya, Daniel W. Golden
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s): Junzo Chino, Shari Damast, Elizabeth Kidd, Matthew Harkenrider, Kevin Albuquerque, Mitchell Kamrava
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s):
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, Volume 108, Issue 4Author(s):
Publication date: Available online 15 October 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*PhysicsAuthor(s): Paolo Sogono, Mathias Bressel, Steven David, Mark Shaw, Sarat Chander, Julie Chu, Nikki Plumridge, Keelan Byrne, Nick Hardcastle, Tomas Kron, Greg Wheeler, Gerard G. Hanna, Michael MacManus, David Ball, Shankar Siva
Publication date: Available online 14 October 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*PhysicsAuthor(s): Carlos E. Cardenas, Beth M. Beadle, Adam S. Garden, Heath D. Skinner, Jinzhong Yang, Dong Joo Rhee, Rachel E. McCarroll, Tucker J. Netherton, Skylar S. Gay, Lifei Zhang, Laurence E. Court
Publication date: Available online 14 October 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*PhysicsAuthor(s): James Stewart, Arjun Sahgal, Young Lee, Hany Soliman, Chia-Lin Tseng, Jay Detsky, Zain Husain, Ling Ho, Sunit Das, Pejman Jabehdar Maralani, Nir Lipsman, Greg Stanisz, James Perry, Hanbo Chen, Eshetu G. Atenafu, Mikki Campbell, Angus Z. Lau, Mark Ruschin, Sten Myrehaug
Publication date: Available online 14 October 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*PhysicsAuthor(s): Nina Boje Kibsgaard Jensen, Richard Pötter, Sofia Spampinato, Lars Ulrik Fokdal, Cyrus Chargari, Jacob Christian Lindegaard, Maximilian Schmid, Alina Sturdza, Ina Maria Jürgenliemk-Schulz, Umesh Mahantshetty, Barbara Segedin, Kjersti Bruheim, Peter Hoskin, Bhavana Rai, Ericka Wiebe, Rachel Cooper, Elzbieta Van der Steen-Banasik, Erik Van Limbergen, Marit Sundset, Bradley...
Publication date: Available online 14 October 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*PhysicsAuthor(s): Jie Deng, Mary S. Dietrich, Kenneth J. Niermann, Robert J. Sinard, Anthony J. Cmelak, Sheila H. Ridner, Jill Gilbert, Barbara A. Murphy
Publication date: Available online 14 October 2020Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*PhysicsAuthor(s): Thomas J. Eichler
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Abstract Malignant cells can increase in number using immune escape mechanisms such as immune checkpoints. In this study, we evaluated the expression of an immune checkpoint programmed death 1 (PD-1) on T-cell subsets in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We obtained bone marrow aspirate samples from CML patients and from individuals without evidence of hematologic malignancies (controls). PD-1 expression on T-cell subsets was measured using flow cytometric analysis. PD-1 expression...
Abstract Controlling the balance of pro-inflammatory M1 versus anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages may have paramount therapeutic benefit in cardiovascular diseases, infections, cancer and chronic inflammation. The targeted depletion of different macrophage populations provides a therapeutic option to regulate macrophage-mediated functions. Macrophages are highly sensitive to necroptosis, a newly described regulated cell death mediated by receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein...
Abstract T-cell receptor (TCR)- and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based adoptive cell transfer (ACT) has shown promising results in hematological malignancies, but remains immature in solid cancers. The challenges associated with identification of tumor-specific targets, the heterogenic antigen expression, limited T-cell trafficking to tumor sites and the hostile tumor microenvironment (TME), are all factors contributing to the limited efficacy of ACT therapies against solid...
Abstract Tumor-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be in vitro expanded and have the ability to induce complete and durable tumor regression in some patients with melanoma following adoptive cell therapy (ACT). In this preclinical study, we investigated the feasibility of expanding TIL from sarcomas, as well as performing functional in vitro analyses on these. TILs were expanded in vitro by the use of IL2 stimulation with or without the addition of 4-1BB and CD3...
Abstract Background Checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is an immune-related adverse event that may complicate treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and can cause significant morbidity. We sought to identify predictors for the development of CIP, and whether the use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) at time of ICI may be protective. Methods ...
Abstract Background Single-agent pembrolizumab represents the standard first-line option for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with a PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) expression of ≥ 50%. Methods We conducted a multicenter retrospective study aimed at evaluating the clinicopathologic correlates of pembrolizumab effectiveness...
A pan-cancer analysis of the human tumor coagulome and its link to the tumor immune microenvironment
Abstract Objective Solid tumors often establish a procoagulable state that can lead to venous thromboembolism (VTE). Although some of the key genes involved in this process are known, no previous study has compared the “coagulome”, i.e., the expression of coagulation/fibrinolysis genes, across different primary tumor types. It is also unclear whether the coagulome is associated with specific characteristics of the tumor microenvironment...
Abstract Following infusion of the anti-CD28 superagonist monoclonal antibody TGN1412, three of six previously healthy, young male recipients developed gastrointestinal irritability associated with increased expression of ‘gut-homing’ integrin β7 on peripheral blood αβT cells. This subset of patients with intestinal symptoms also displayed a striking and persistent expansion of putative Vδ2+ γδT cells in the circulation which declined over a 2-year period following drug infusion,...
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Purpose of review HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer is clinically and biologically a heterogenous disease and not all patients benefit to the same extent from current anti-HER2 therapies. Recent findings Among HER2+ breast cancer, molecular intrinsic subtypes, PIK3CA mutation status, levels of HER2 gene/protein, immune infiltration, or intratumor heterogeneity modulate HER2-treatment sensitivity. HER2-enriched carcinomas, with high levels of HER2 and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are...
Purpose of review Breast cancer is a relative latecomer in the success story of immuno-oncology. In this review, we focus on the preclinical and clinical lines of evidence to justify the evaluation of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) for the curative-intent treatment of breast cancer, the latest and ongoing trials of (neo)adjuvant immunotherapy, and practical considerations in clinical practice associated with this new treatment paradigm. Recent findings Insights from the immunobiology of...
Purpose of review The aim of this article is to review the diagnosis and risk stratification of smoldering myeloma (SMM), describe recently published data regarding the early treatment of SMM, and to provide practical strategies on how to manage patients with SMM in the clinic. Recent findings Recently published data from the ECOG E3A06 and GEM-CESAR studies supporting early intervention for certain subsets of high-risk SMM patients will be presented, and the relevance of these findings in relation...
Purpose of review Male breast cancer (MaBC) is a rare disease, and some challenges exist in its management because current treatment recommendations are extrapolated from trials that mostly excluded men. This review will revise all available data that could improve the treatment of MaBC, with a special focus on adjuvant systemic treatments. Recent findings To date, men with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, who are candidates for adjuvant endocrine therapy, should be offered tamoxifen...
Purpose of review Therapy selection in older adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can be challenging because of a higher incidence of high-risk cytogenetic and molecular features conferring chemoresistance and poor functional status leading to increased treatment-related toxicities. The purpose of this review is to highlight the recent advances in precision medicine in AML that have shown promise to improve outcomes of older adults. Recent findings The utilization of next generation sequencing...
Purpose of review The aim of this review is to understand the clinical decision- making process for the management of patients with early invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC), thereby orienting clinicians across large areas of uncertainties and extrapolations. Recent findings The analysis of the principal evidence on the management of ILC, assessing the role and benefit of systemic treatments in the curative setting, have shed the light on the opportunity to escalate and de-escalate systemic...
Purpose of review Glioblastoma (GBM) patients have a poor prognosis despite the use of modern synergistic multimodal treatment strategies, with a progression-free survival estimated at 7–8 months, a median survival of 14–16 months and 5-year overall survival of 9.8%. Recent findings Physical methods hold the promise to act synergistically with classical treatments to improve the outcome of GBM patients. Fluorescent guided surgery with 5-aminolevulinic acid and tumor-treating fields therapy have...
Purpose of review The aim of this review is to summarize the most recent advances in the management of neurological toxicities associated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells. Recent findings The advent of cancer immunotherapies has dramatically improved the prognosis of several refractory and advanced neoplasms. Owing to their mechanism of action, cancer immunotherapies have been associated with a variety of immune-related adverse events (irAE)....
Purpose of review This review provides an overview of recent updates in understanding the mechanisms by which glioblastoma cells interact with their cellular and molecular partners within the microenvironment. Recent findings We have now a better knowledge of the cell populations involved in Glioblastoma (GBM) invasion. Recent works discovered the role of new molecular players in GBM invasion, and, most importantly, better models are emerging which better recapitulate GBM invasion. Summary...
Purpose of review Recently, both immune checkpoint inhibitors and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors have demonstrated clinical benefit in some subsets of HER2-negative breast cancer patients. A biological rationale exists supporting a potential synergism between these compounds, which may further increase their antitumor activity in the clinic. Recent findings PARP inhibitors were shown to activate type I interferon pathway, thus eliciting local and general immune response, while inducing...
Purpose of review This review aims to give an update on histopathological, molecular and clinical features of central nervous system (CNS) ‘embryonal’ tumors. Recent findings The taxonomy of previously called ‘CNS primitive neuroectodermal tumor’ (CNS PNET) has been deeply modified since the discovery of specific molecular profiles for each various sub-entity of these rare, mainly pediatric, tumors. The term ‘embryonal tumors’ now refers to medulloblastomas, atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors...
Purpose of review To critically analyze the available evidence on oligometastatic breast cancer and to suggest therapeutic approaches for optimal management of these patients. Recent findings Unlike metastatic breast cancer, which remains incurable, patients with a limited number and extent of metastatic lesions, that is, oligometastatic disease, might achieve disease control and long-term survival when radical therapy of the primary tumor, if present, and metastatic disease is added to standard...
Purpose of review To discuss recent advances in the meningioma biology and their clinical implications. Recent findings Meningioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor. Mostly benign, 20% of cases display an aggressive behavior despite best standard of care. The genetic landscape of meningiomas is divided according to NF2 mutational status. Although about 60% of meningiomas display NF2 mutations, the other share is more heterogenous. Mutations in TRAF7, SMO, v-akt murine thymoma viral...
Purpose of review For patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, treatments that could prevent or delay occurrence of brain metastases would improve outcome. Recent findings Few studies were specifically designed to assess brain metastasis prevention. Most evidence derives from subgroup analyses of randomized trials. In the first-line metastatic setting, lapatinib, was not superior to trastuzumab to prevent CNS metastases as first site of relapse. Pertuzumab...
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Oncology)
Purpose of review Immunotherapy is transforming treatment of multiple myeloma patients in all stages of their disease. This review will discuss recent developments in immunotherapy in multiple myeloma with a focus on antibodies, antibody–drug conjugates, and T-cell-redirection strategies. Recent findings CD38-targeting antibodies have single agent activity in multiple myeloma, and especially when combined with other drugs, are improving the clinical outcome of patients with newly diagnosed or...
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