Τρίτη 13 Οκτωβρίου 2020

 


Family Structure and History of Childhood Trauma: Associations With Risk-Taking Behavior Among Adolescents in Swaziland
Introduction: Risk-taking and self-harm behavior among adolescent are a global challenge. This study explored family structure and history of childhood trauma and their association with risk-taking and self-harm behaviors among adolescents in Swaziland.Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, a sample of 470 male and female adolescents were sampled through simple random sampling from selected high schools in Swaziland. They completed a questionnaire assessing family structure, history of childhood...
Frontiers in Public Health | New and Recent Articles
20m
A Framework for Improving Policy Priorities in Managing COVID-19 Challenges in Developing Countries
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented challenges to societies and threatened humanity and global resilience. All countries are challenged, but low-income and developing countries are facing a more challenging situation than others due to their limited health infrastructure, limited financial and human resources, and limited capacity of governments to respond. Further, the interconnected nature of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis demands an integrated approach and coordinated action, which complicates...
Frontiers in Public Health | New and Recent Articles
20m
The Relationship Between Screen and Outdoor Time With Rates of Myopia in Spanish Children
Background: Nowadays, digital devices have become usual in children's lives around the world. Five percent of the children between 5 and 7 years old have their own smartphone and forty-two percent of them have their own tablet. This fact has produced a change in their lifestyle that can imply some risks, threats and/or opportunities. The light emitted by digital devices' screens could involve, among others, possible risks to children's vision.Methods: This study shows a detailed analysis of the vision...
Frontiers in Public Health | New and Recent Articles
20m
Determinants of Breastfeeding Practices and Its Association With Infant Anthropometry: Results From a Prospective Cohort Study in South India
Introduction: Despite national efforts for promoting exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) during the first 6 months of the infants' life, breastfeeding rates are low in India. Evidence on the interference of supplementary food on optimal nourishment and growth of the infant has also been well-established. Our study was undertaken to assess the effect of breastfeeding practices on infant anthropometry and determine the various factors affecting breastfeeding practices.Methods: A prospective cohort study...
Frontiers in Public Health | New and Recent Articles
20m
Impact of Knee Pain on Fear of Falling, Changes in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, and Falls Among Malaysians Age 55 Years and Above
Objectives: To determine the temporal relationship between the presence of knee pain and knee pain severity identified at baseline with fall risk, fear of falling and changes in instrumental activity of daily living at 12-months follow-up.Methods: This was a prospective study from the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) study involving community dwelling older persons aged 55 years and older. The presence of one fall in the preceding 12 months, knee pain, and functional capacity were determined...
Frontiers in Public Health | New and Recent Articles
20m
Low-density vulnerable thrombus/plaque volume on preoperative CT predicts spinal cord ischemia after endovascular repair for thoracic aortic aneurysm.
Similar to open surgical repair (OSR), thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) carries a risk of spinal cord ischemia (SCI). However, the generally lower incidence of SCI after TEVAR than after OSR despite the inability to preserve the intercostal arteries indicates different pathophysiological mechanisms with the two procedures. We hypothesized that a microembolism from an aortic mural thrombus is the main cause of SCI, and this study aimed to evaluate the association between the density of...
Journal of Vascular Surgery
1h
A Novel Preoperative Risk Score for Non-Home Discharge After Elective Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair
Introduction: Non-home discharge (NHD) to a rehabilitation or skilled nursing facility after vascular surgery is poorly described despite its large impact on patients. Understanding post-surgical NHD risk is essential to providing adequate preoperative counseling and shared decision making, particularly for elective surgeries. We aimed to identify independent predictors of NHD following elective thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) and to create a clinically...
Journal of Vascular Surgery
4h
Single-center mid-term results with the low profile Zenith Alpha Thoracic Endovascular stent-graft.
Analysis of endovascular treatment of thoracic aortic diseases with new low-profile stent-grafts in large series is crucial to understand the durability of these devices. This study reports the mid-term outcomes of a single-center experience with the Zenith Alpha Thoracic EndoGraft (ZTA).
Journal of Vascular Surgery
7h
Safety of Vascular Interventions Performed in an Office-Based Lab in Patients with Low/Moderate Procedural Risk
ObjectiveAn exponential increase in number of office-based labs (OBLs) has occurred in the United States, since the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services increased reimbursement for outpatient vascular interventions in 2008. This dramatic shift to office based procedures directed to the objective to assess safety of vascular procedures in OBLs.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed to include all procedures performed in a 4-year period at an accredited OBL. The procedures were categorized...
Journal of Vascular Surgery
7h
Low Frequency Avoidable Errors During TCAR
TransCarotid Artery Revascularization (TCAR) appears to be a safe and effective alternative to carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and transfemoral carotid artery stenting (TF-CAS). The TCAR system represents a paradigm shift in the management of carotid artery stenosis with potential for a significant reduction in peri-procedural morbidity. However, as with CEA or TF-CAS, TCAR is associated with infrequent complications related to user technical error, most of which are preventable. Our goal is to describe...
Journal of Vascular Surgery
7h
Discussion
Moderator. The discussion of this paper will be opened by Dr Farber from the University of North Carolina, and we would ask that as other people get up to ask questions, please give your name and where you're from, because all of the discussions are being transcribed for the subsequent publication of these reports.
Journal of Vascular Surgery
7h
Call for TERMIS-AP 2020 Special Issue Papers: Revolutionizing Regenerative Research Strategies Towards Precision Medicine
Tissue Engineering Part A, Ahead of Print.
Tissue Engineering Part A - Table of Contents
1h
Call for Special Issue Papers: Tissue Engineering: Part A— Special Issue on Oncology and Tissue Engineering
Tissue Engineering Part A, Ahead of Print.
Tissue Engineering Part A - Table of Contents
13h
Call for Review Papers: Tissue Engineering, Part B
Tissue Engineering Part A, Ahead of Print.
Tissue Engineering Part A - Table of Contents
13h
Factors associated with unscheduled care use by cancer decedents: a systematic review with narrative synthesis
BackgroundPeople who die from cancer (cancer decedents) may experience unpleasant and distressing symptoms which cause them to present to unscheduled care. Unscheduled care is unplanned care delivered by general practitioner out-of-hours and emergency departments. Use of unscheduled care can disrupt treatment plans, leading to a disjointed patient care and suboptimal outcomes.ObjectivesThis systematic review aimed to identify factors associated with unscheduled care use by cancer decedents.MethodSystematic...
Online First
3h
Findings and lessons learnt from early termination of a pragmatic comparative effectiveness trial of video consultations in home-based palliative care
BackgroundHealth systems need evidence about how best to deliver home-based palliative care (HBPC) to meet the growing needs of seriously ill patients. We hypothesised that a tech-supported model that aimed to promote timely inter-professional team coordination using video consultation with a remote physician while a nurse is in the patient’s home would be non-inferior compared with a standard model that includes routine home visits by nurses and physicians.MethodsWe conducted a pragmatic, cluster...
Online First
3h
Analysis of health administration data to inform health service planning for paediatric palliative care
BackgroundHealth service planning in paediatric palliative care is complex, with the diverse geographical and demographic characteristics adding to the challenge of developing services across different nations. Accurate and reliable data are essential to inform effective, efficient and equitable health services.AimTo quantify health service usage by children and young people aged 0–21 years with a life-limiting condition admitted to hospital and health service facilities in Queensland, Australia...
Online First
3h
Decision-Making Approach of Two-Sided Matching of Supply and Demand of Logistics Service Based on the Uncertain Preference Ordinal
Aiming at the problem of matching logistics service supply and demand, this paper proposes a two-sided matching decision model of logistics service supply and demand based on the uncertain preference ordinal. In this model, the uncertain preference ordinal information is first expressed by the interval numbers of the logistics service supply and demand, and it is converted into the satisfaction degree of supply and demand matching uncertainty expressed by the interval number. Then, a multiobjective...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
The Recognition of Teacher Behavior Based on Multimodal Information Fusion
Teaching reflection based on videos is the main method in teacher education and professional development. However, it takes a long time to analyse videos, and teachers are easy to fall into the state of information overload. With the development of “AI + education,” automatic recognition of teacher behavior to support teaching reflection has become an important research topic. In this paper, taking online open classroom teaching video as the data source, we collected and constructed a teacher behavior...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Evaluation on Nonholonomic Constraints and Rauch–Tung–Striebel Filter-Enhanced UWB/INS Integration
Precise and seamless positioning is becoming a basic requirement for the Internet of Things (IoT). However, there is a gap for precise positioning in Global Navigation Satellite System- (GNSS-) denied indoor areas. Thus, a multisensor integration system based on ultrawide-band (UWB), inertial navigation system (INS), nonholonomic constraints (NHCs), and Rauch–Tung–Striebel (RTS) smoother is proposed. In this system, the UWB performs as the major precise positioning system, while the INS bridges the...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Identification of a Set of Genes Improving Survival Prediction in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma through Integrative Reanalysis of Transcriptomic Data
Background. With an enormous amount of research concerning kidney cancer being conducted, various treatments have been applied to its cure. However, high recurrence and metastasis rates continue to pose a threat to the survival of patients with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). Methods. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas were downloaded, and a series of analyses were performed, including differential analysis, Cox analysis, weighted gene coexpression network analysis, least absolute shrinkage...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Dissociative Amnesia with Dissociative Fugue and Psychosis: a Case Report from a 25-Year-Old Ethiopian Woman
Introduction. The case after exposure to intense traumatic events manifests signs and symptoms of dissociative amnesia with a dissociative fugue and schizophrenia. The psychotic symptoms we found, in this case, were very complicated and mimicking primary psychotic disorders. Therefore, this might be a good forum for the scientific world to learn from this case report, how psychotic disorders coexist with dissociative disorders, since the literatures in this area are too rare. Main Symptoms and/or...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Study on the Creep Behavior of a Ni3Al-Based Single Crystal Alloy at 850°C/450 MPa
The creep behaviors of Ni3Al-based single crystal alloy IC6SX with [001] and [111] orientations under the condition of 850°C/450 MPa were investigated. The effect of crystal orientation on the creep lives, fracture morphology, fracture mechanism, and dislocation evolution of the alloys with different orientations was analyzed systematically. The results showed that the creep lives of the alloy were closely related to the crystal orientation under the condition of 850°C/450 MPa. The creep lives of...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Performance and Stability Comparison of Low-Cost Mixed Halide Perovskite Solar Cells: CH3NH3PbI3-Cl and CH3NH3PbI3-SCN
Perovskite solar cell is categorized as a third-generation solar cell which is used for its high-performance and low-cost production. However, device stability is a major problem in the development of perovskite solar cells. Mixed halide perovskite is one of the subjects that have been proposed to improve perovskite solar cell stability. Research about solar cells using mixed halide perovskite is widely reported. However, complex configurations and fabrication using sophisticated equipment were usually...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Multivariate Analysis of Phenotypic Diversity of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Landraces from Lamjung and Tanahun Districts, Nepal
The magnitude and nature of genetic divergence play a vital role in the selection of the desirable landraces for its utilization in the breeding program. A study was carried out with 30 rice landraces at the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lamjung Campus, during June–November 2018 to determine relation among individuals, estimate the relative contribution of various traits of rice using principal component analysis, and identify the potential parents for hybridization using Mahalanobis...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
The Outcome of Hydroxychloroquine in Patients Treated for COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Background. The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) resulted in an unprecedented public health challenge worldwide. Despite urgent and extensive global efforts, the existing evidence is inconclusive regarding the medications used for the treatment of COVID-19. Purpose. To generate an up-to-date evidence for the clinical safety and efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) with or without azithromycin (AZ) among patients...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Medicinal Effect, In Silico Bioactivity Prediction, and Pharmaceutical Formulation of Ageratum conyzoides L.: A Review
Goat weed (Ageratum conyzoides L.), or bandotan in Indonesia, is an herbaceous plant that broadly grows up in both subtropical as well as tropical areas. This herb contains many phytoconstituents which have many benefits in different aspects. The essential oil contains phytochemicals such as phenol, phenolic ester, and coumarin, whereas many compounds can been identified in the whole part such as terpenoid, steroid, chromene, pyrrolizidine alkaloid, and flavonoid. Empirically, this herb has been...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Increased Expression of TIGIT/CD57 in Peripheral Blood/Bone Marrow NK Cells in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
The antitumor activity of NK cells in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is inhibited by the leukemia microenvironment. Recent studies have identified that the expression of TIGIT, CD57, and KLRG1 is related to the function, maturation, and antitumor capabilities of NK cells. However, the characteristics of the expression of these genes in the peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) from patients with CML remain unknown. In this study, we used multicolor flow cytometry to assay the quantity...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
A Cadaveric Study of the Distal Biceps Femoris Muscle in relation to the Normal and Variant Course of the Common Peroneal Nerve: A Possible Cause of Common Peroneal Entrapment Neuropathy
The most frequent mononeuropathy in the lower extremity has been reported as the common peroneal nerve entrapment neuropathy (CPNe) around the head and neck of the fibula, although the mechanism of the neuropathy in this area cannot be fully explained. Therefore, the aim of this cadaveric study was to evaluate the relationship between morphologic variations of the distal biceps femoris muscle (BFM) and the course of the common peroneal nerve (CPN) and to investigate the incidence and morphological...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Investigating Prescriptions and Mechanisms of Acupuncture for Chronic Stable Angina Pectoris: An Association Rule Mining and Network Analysis Study
Chronic stable angina pectoris (CSAP) is a worldwide cardiovascular disease that severely affects people’s quality of life and causes serious cardiovascular accidents. Although acupuncture had been confirmed as a potential adjunctive treatment for CSAP, the basic rules and mechanisms of acupoints were little understood. We conducted a systematic search of the China Biology Medicine (CBM), VIP database, Wangfang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase,...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Increased Succinate Accumulation Induces ROS Generation in In Vivo Ischemia/Reperfusion-Affected Rat Kidney Mitochondria
Mitochondria are recognized as main reactive oxygen species (ROS) producers, involving ROS generation by mitochondrial complexes I and III. Lately, the focus has been shifting to the ROS generation by complex II. Contribution of complex II (SDH) to ROS generation still remains debatable, especially in in vivo settings. Moreover, it is not completely defined at what time of ischemia the first alterations in mitochondria and the cell begin, which is especially important with renal arterial clamping...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Combined Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Using Shenyi Capsule and Platinum-Based Chemotherapy: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Background.The efficacy and safety of combined treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using Shenyi capsules and platinum-based chemotherapy were comprehensively evaluated. Methods. A computer-based search was used to identify reports on clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on this combined treatment for NSCLC from the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, China Biomedical (CBM), and Wanfang Data electronic databases. The databases...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
The Loading Rate Effect on the Fracture Toughness of Marble Using Semicircular Bend Specimens
A series of dynamic fracture experiments on semicircular bend (SCB) marble specimens were conducted to characterize the loading rate effect using the INSTRON testing machine and the modified SHPB testing system. The fracture toughness of the marble specimens was measured from a low loading rate to a high loading rate (10-3~106 MPa·m1/2s-1). The results show that the fracture toughness will increase with the loading rate. Since the fracture toughness at a magnitude of 10-3 MPa·m1/2s-1 is regarded...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Comparison of Flow Solutions for Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Using Complex Analysis Methods (CAM) and Embedded Discrete Fracture Models (EDFM): Fundamental Design Differences and Improved Scaling Method
The present study compares flow paths in reservoirs with natural fractures, solved with Complex Analysis Methods (CAM), to those solved with Embedded Discrete Fracture Models (EDFM). One aim is to define scaling rules for the strength (flux) of the discrete natural fractures used in CAM models, which was previously theoretically defined based on the expected flow distortion. A major hurdle for quantitative benchmarks of CAM with EDFM results is that each of the two methods accounts for natural fractures...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Hypoxia-Induced Glioma-Derived Exosomal miRNA-199a-3p Promotes Ischemic Injury of Peritumoral Neurons by Inhibiting the mTOR Pathway
The underlying molecular mechanisms that the hypoxic microenvironment could aggravate neuronal injury are still not clear. In this study, we hypothesized that the exosomes, exosomal miRNAs, and the mTOR signaling pathway might be involved in hypoxic peritumoral neuronal injury in glioma. Multimodal radiological images, HE, and HIF-1α staining of high-grade glioma (HGG) samples revealed that the peritumoral hypoxic area overlapped with the cytotoxic edema region and directly contacted with normal...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
The Effect of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty on Intraocular Pressure in Patients with Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant-Induced Elevated Intraocular Pressure
Introduction. To assess the safety and efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) for ocular hypertension (OHT) induced by a dexamethasone (DEX) intravitreal implant. Materials and Methods. We performed a retrospective study of patients who underwent an SLT procedure for ocular hypertension induced by injection of a DEX intravitreal implant. Patients had, at least, one injection of the DEX-implant for symptomatic macular edema. SLT was delivered to 360° of the trabecular meshwork in two sessions....
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Association between Circulating B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Cross-Sectional Study of a Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Population
Cardiovascular disease which is associated with cardiac dysfunction, usually measured with circulating levels of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), has been associated with incidence and progression of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). The potential relationship of circulating physiological levels of BNP with DPN, however, has not been reported. Circulating levels of BNP were measured in 258 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and participants were divided into a DPN group () and no...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Factors Affecting Maintenance Probability and Resurfacing Thickness Based on the Pavement Management System
In order to investigate the key factors and analyze their effects on maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) strategies, data for 2495 pavement sections were collected from the pavement management system (PMS), including pavement performance data, traffic data, material property data, and M&R record data. Logistic regression was first employed to explore the influential factors on maintenance probability. Afterward, the classification tree model was established to find out the key factors on...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Ameloblastic Carcinoma with Calcification: A Rare Case Report in the Mandible and Literature Review
Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a scarce malignant tumor which is more prevalent in the mandible than the maxilla. It occurs in a wide range of age groups, and there is a sex predilection in males. AC shows specific microscopic features and requires more aggressive surgical treatment plans in comparison with conventional ameloblastoma. Radiographically, AC resembles ameloblastoma except that it rarely represents focal mineralized materials, seemingly reflecting dystrophic calcification. This characteristic...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Not Your Common Athletic Heart Problem: Using Coronary CTA to Visualize Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection
A 19-year-old healthy male collegiate athlete presented with typical anginal symptoms after running a 5K race. He had complained of similar symptoms off and on for the past month. On presentation, troponin was 0.12 ng/ml (reference value 
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Endometrial Cancer Cells Promote M2-Like Macrophage Polarization by Delivering Exosomal miRNA-21 under Hypoxia Condition
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that hypoxia was an aggressive feature in endometrial cancer (EC), which is significantly associated with the tumor grade, lymph node metastasis, and tumor resistance to chemotherapy. However, the relationship between hypoxia and the immune microenvironment in EC is not very clear. Exosomes are small membrane vesicles secreted from a variety of cell types which mediate cell-to-cell communication through transported biomolecules. Here, we investigated whether exosomes...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Possible Susceptibility Genes for Intervention against Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity
Recent therapeutic advances have significantly improved the short- and long-term survival rates in patients with heart disease and cancer. Survival in cancer patients may, however, be accompanied by disadvantages, namely, increased rates of cardiovascular events. Chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction is an important side effect of anticancer therapy. While advances in cancer treatment have increased patient survival, treatments are associated with cardiovascular complications, including heart...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Assessment of Pertussis Vaccine Protective Effectiveness in Children in the Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
Background. Bordetella pertussis is a human pathogen which causes pertussis, or whooping cough. The diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis immunization has significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality of pertussis globally. However, higher prevalence and resurgence of pertussis cases among both vaccinated and unvaccinated people has raised questions on the effectiveness of pertussis vaccine over time. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the protective effectiveness of pertussis vaccine...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
An Initial Alignment Technology of Shearer Inertial Navigation Positioning Based on a Fruit Fly-Optimized Kalman Filter Algorithm
The shearer is one of the core equipment of the fully mechanized coal face. The fast and accurate positioning of the shearer is the prerequisite for its memory cutting, intelligent height adjustment, and intelligent speed adjustment. Inertial navigation technology has many advantages such as strong autonomy, good concealment, and high reliability. The accurate positioning of the shearer based on inertial navigation can not only determine its operating position but also measure the direction of movement....
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Fixed-Point Theorem for Isometric Self-Mappings
In this paper, we derive a fixed-point theorem for self-mappings. That is, it is shown that every isometric self-mapping on a weakly compact convex subset of a strictly convex Banach space has a fixed point.
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Association of HIVEP3 Gene and Lnc RNA with Femoral Neck Bone Mineral Content and Hip Geometry by Genome-Wide Association Analysis in Chinese People
Purpose. GWAS has successfully located and analyzed the pathogenic genes of osteoporosis. Genetic studies have found that heritability of BMD is 50%–85% while the other half is caused by hip geometric parameters and tissue horizontal characteristics. This study was designed to study the GWAS of osteoporosis in Shanghai Han population. Methods. We collected 1224 unrelated healthy young men (20–40 years old), young women (20–40 years old), and postmenopausal women (over 50 years old) who lived in Shanghai....
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Would Cortisol Measurements Be a Better Gauge of Hydrocortisone Replacement Therapy? Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia as an Exemplar
There is an increase in mortality and morbidity as well as poor quality of life in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and other causes of adrenal insufficiency. Glucocorticoid replacement therapy should aim to replace the missing cortisol as close as possible to the normal circadian rhythm using hydrocortisone. Dosing should be based on the individual’s absorption and clearance of the drug. Adequacy of dosing should be checked using 24-hour profiles of plasma cortisol with samples...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Effect of Material Properties and Strain Rate on Fragmentation of Anisotropic Rock
In order to investigate the effect of the microproperties of bedding and strain rate on the fragment size distributions of layered phyllite with different bedding dip angles, a split Hopkinson pressure numerical model was established and verified by comparing with the experimental results. A new method to obtain reasonable layered rock dynamic simulation result was proposed. Then, the cumulative distribution curve and average fragment size of layered rocks were calculated after changing the strain...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Calculative Width of Pile Foundation on Slope Based on Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)
The calculative width directly affecting the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile is an important parameter of the horizontal loaded pile foundation and its effective value will change with the variation of slope angle. In order to research the effect of slope on calculative width, 4 groups of model test under static lateral loading with different slope angles were carried out indoor. Based on the PIV system, the horizontal diffusion angle was obtained by the quantitative analysis of the vectorial...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Determination of Methomyl Residue in Tobacco Samples by Heart-Cutting Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry
A novel heart-cutting two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (2D-LC-MS/MS) was developed for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of methomyl residue in tobacco. Compared to traditional methodologies, fairly high sensitivity and stability were achieved, and the sample procedure was simplified in the two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) method. Although methomyl had poor retention performance in most of the reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC)...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Fault Detection of the Wind Turbine Variable Pitch System Based on Large Margin Distribution Machine Optimized by the State Transition Algorithm
Aiming at solving the problem that the parameters of a fault detection model are difficult to be optimized, the paper proposes the fault detection of the wind turbine variable pitch system based on large margin distribution machine (LDM) which is optimized by the state transition algorithm (STA). By setting the three parameters of the LDM model as a three-dimensional vector which was searched by STA, by using the accuracy of fault detection model as the fitness function of STA, and by adopting the...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Control of a Tilting Hexacopter under Wind Disturbance
Multicopters are well suited for executing fast maneuvers with high velocity, but they are still affected by the external atmospheric environment because attitude and position cannot be independently controlled. In this paper, we present a novel hexacopter which improves the wind resistance and strong coupling between attitude control and position control. The copter is designed such that the rotor sections can tilt around their respective arm axes. We present the aerodynamic methods to analyze the...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
Optical Coherence Tomography Biomarkers of the Outer Blood—Retina Barrier in Patients with Diabetic Macular Oedema
Background. Numerous studies confirmed the main role of the inner blood-retinal barrier in the development of Diabetic Macular Oedema (DMO). Lately, the focus of research shifted towards the external retinal barrier with potential involvement in the pathogenesis of DMO. Objective. We aim to identify the OCT changes of the external blood-retinal barrier in patients with DMO and to define them as biomarkers with predictive value. Materials and method. We set up retrospectively 3 groups of patients...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
4h
IFN-γ Correlations with Pain Assessment, Radiological Findings, and Clinical Intercourse in Patient after Lumbar Microdiscectomy: Preliminary Study
Objectives. We investigated the influence of pain decrease after lumbar microdiscectomy on the interferon gamma (IFN-γ) serum level in patients with lumbar disc herniations. The study challenges the mechanism of sciatica pain and the role of IFN-γ in radicular pain development. Material and Methods. We performed clinical and immunoenzymatic assessment in a group of 27 patients with lumbar radicular pain due to disc herniations before and 3 months after surgery. Clinical status was assessed with the...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Microwave Imaging of Voids in Oil Palm Trunk Applying UWB Antenna and Robust Time-Reversal Algorithm
The oil palm trees in Southeast Asia face a great challenge due to voids within tree trunks. Besides, both plantations and the palm oil industry suffered considerable losses due to ineffective inspection of defective trees. Several techniques such as ultrasound, X-ray, capacitive volume, gamma computed tomography, and microwave tomography were applied to detect and control the decay of a trunk. However, all the techniques showed substantial drawbacks (such as limited resolution, tedious processing...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Naturally Occurring Microbiota in Dengue Vector Mosquito Breeding Habitats and Their Use as Diet Organisms by Developing Larvae in the Kandy District, Sri Lanka
Naturally occurring microbiota in mosquito larval habitats are among biotic factors which affect the population dynamics of developing larvae. Many microbiota species serve as food items for vector mosquito larvae, and food limitations within habitats adversely affect larval survival, developmental rate, adult fitness, and thereby vector competence. Therefore, identification of microbiota as associates with larvae reveals their relationship between each other as parasites, pathogens, epibionts, or...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Phytochemicals from Selective Plants Have Promising Potential against SARS-CoV-2: Investigation and Corroboration through Molecular Docking, MD Simulations, and Quantum Computations
Coronaviruses have been reported previously due to their association with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). After SARS, these viruses were known to be causing Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and caused 35% evanescence amid victims pursuing remedial care. Nowadays, beta coronaviruses, members of Coronaviridae, family order Nidovirales, have become subjects of great importance due to their latest pandemic originating from Wuhan, China. The virus named as human-SARS-like coronavirus-2...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Image Super-Resolution Using Lightweight Multiscale Residual Dense Network
The current super-resolution methods cannot fully exploit the global and local information of the original low-resolution image, resulting in loss of some information. In order to solve the problem, we propose a multiscale residual dense network (MRDN) for image super-resolution. This network is constructed based on the residual dense network. It can integrate the multiscale information of the image and avoid losing too much information in the deep level of the network, while extracting more information...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Classical Solutions to the Initial-Boundary Value Problems for Nonautonomous Fractional Diffusion Equations
In this paper, we investigate a class of nonautonomous fractional diffusion equations (NFDEs). Firstly, under the condition of weighted Hölder continuity, the existence and two estimates of classical solutions are obtained by virtue of the properties of the probability density function and the evolution operator family. Secondly, it focuses on the continuity and an estimate of classical solutions in the sense of fractional power norm. The results generalize some existing results on classical solutions...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
A Relationship Model between Top Management Team Cognitive Heterogeneity and Strategic Decision Quality and Its Implications for Sustainability
To achieve sustainable development, a top management team (TMT) and the quality of its strategic decisions on sustainability are critical. This paper builds a relationship model between top management team (TMT) cognitive heterogeneity and the quality of strategic decisions. This research is important because TMT cognitive heterogeneity can comport decision-making schemes with complex and changing environments. Specifically, this paper explores the intermediary role of the team fusion process composed...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Finding the Cause of Psychosis: A Challenging Case of Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis
An autoimmune response causing inflammation in the brain tissue is called autoimmune encephalitis. Autoantibodies directed against N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors cause a type of autoimmune encephalitis resulting in memory loss, confusion, and psychosis. A 28-year-old male with a history of schizophrenia, seizure disorder, and stroke presented with a 2-day history of bizarre behavior, restlessness, insomnia, agitation, and hallucinations. He was initially managed for acute psychosis without...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Very-Long-Chain Acyl-Co-Enzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency Presenting as Rhabdomyolysis: First Case Report from Sri Lanka
Background. Rhabdomyolysis can be either inherited or acquired such as in metabolic myopathies. Very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency is a rare fatty acid oxidation disorder which presents with different phenotypes, and the mild adult form can present as intermittent rhabdomyolysis. Here, we present the first adult case of very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency presenting as rhabdomyolysis in a Sri Lankan patient. Case Presentation. A 36-year-old Sri Lankan man who was born...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
A Comparison of the Predictive Value of the Glasgow Coma Scale and the Kampala Trauma Score for Mortality and Length of Hospital Stay in Head Injury Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Uganda: A Diagnostic Prospective Study
Introduction. The prevalence rates of head injury have been shown to be as high as 25% among trauma patients with severe head injury contributing to about 31% of all trauma deaths. Triage utilizes numerical cutoff points along the scores continuum to predict the greatest number of people who would have a poor outcome, “severe” patients, when scoring below the threshold and a good outcome “non severe” patients, when scoring above the cutoff or numerical threshold. This study aimed to compare the predictive...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
A Mathematical Model to Study the Effectiveness of Some of the Strategies Adopted in Curtailing the Spread of COVID-19
In this paper, we developed a model that suggests the use of robots in identifying COVID-19-positive patients and which studied the effectiveness of the government policy of prohibiting migration of individuals into their countries especially from those countries that were known to have COVID-19 epidemic. Two compartmental models consisting of two equations each were constructed. The models studied the use of robots for the identification of COVID-19-positive patients. The effect of migration ban...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Microstructural Topology Optimization of Constrained Layer Damping on Plates for Maximum Modal Loss Factor of Macrostructures
This paper presents microstructural topology optimization of viscoelastic materials for the plates with constrained layer damping (CLD) treatments. The design objective is to maximize modal loss factor of macrostructures, which is obtained by using the Modal Strain Energy (MSE) method. The microstructure of the viscoelastic damping layer is composed of 3D periodic unit cells. The effective elastic properties of the unit cell are obtained through the strain energy-based method. The density-based topology...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Fast SINS Initial Alignment Method Based on Iterative Algorithms in Inertial Frame
Iterative algorithms based on saved data have been researched for strapdown inertial navigation system to make the best use of sensor data, and different alignment algorithms can be carried out during the iterative process to fulfil initial alignment. This paper firstly analysed two interactive processes. The forward-backward process needs to change the normal system model in the backward process and have additional error factors. While the forward-forward process is easy to be carried out without...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Object Detection from the Video Taken by Drone via Convolutional Neural Networks
The aim of this research is to show the implementation of object detection on drone videos using TensorFlow object detection API. The function of the research is the recognition effect and performance of the popular target detection algorithm and feature extractor for recognizing people, trees, cars, and buildings from real-world video frames taken by drones. The study found that using different target detection algorithms on the “normal” image (an ordinary camera) has different performance effects...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Preliminary Discussion on Comprehensive Research Method for Rock Burst in Coal Mine Based on Newton’s Second Law
Rock burst is one of the major dynamic disasters that directly threaten production safety in coal mines. According to the current research, the occurrence of rock burst can be described by the generalized Newton’s second law with three elements which are research object, force condition, and motion state. These three elements refer to the coal and rock mass in the mining area, concentrated static and dynamic loads, and dynamic instability of surrounding rock, respectively. On this basis, a comprehensive...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
A New Supply Chain System and Its Impulsive Synchronization
The purpose of this paper is to discuss modelling and synchronization of nonlinear supply chain system. Firstly, we present a new supply chain system which is sensitive to various uncertainties along with exogenous disturbances. Synchronization is an important method to reduce the negative impact of uncertainties and disturbances on the supply chain. Since impulsive control can reduce control cost and the amount of transmitted information drastically, we discuss impulsive synchronization behavior...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Leader-Following Bounded Consensus and Multiconsensus of Multiagent Systems
This paper investigates the problem of leader-following consensus and multiconsensus of multiagent systems. A leader-following and bounded consensus protocol via impulsive control for multiagent systems is proposed by using sampled position and velocity data. Consensus and multiconsensus commutative evolution stimulated by varying intelligence degrees of each agent can be achieved to avoid obstacles. Especially, the multiconsensus leader-following can be obtained without grouping the multiagent networks...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Application of Financial Cloud in the Sustainable Development of Smart Cities
This article first investigates the status of financial cloud development in smart cities and studies the sustainable development of smart cities. Secondly, it investigates the construction of the evaluation model, using the power of the financial cloud, through exploratory factor analysis, selecting the principal component analysis method to extract the factors, for screening and dimensionality reduction of the indicators, and making hypotheses. We used confirmatory factor analysis to establish...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Study on Deflection of Surrounding Rock Force Chain and Disaster Mechanism of Instability in Deep Stope
The mechanism of force chain deflection and instability-caused disaster in the deep surrounding rock of large-scale stopes was examined in this study using theoretical analyses, laboratory experiments, PFC3D numerical simulations, and other comprehensive research methods based on a discrete element theory that included force chain research as the main line. The results indicated that the overburden strata of the stope presented an arched force chain in both the strike and the inclined direction of...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
A Structural Configuration with Separate Substructures towards Reducing the Seismic Damage of Spatial Structures with Rectangular Plan
Seismic damage of spatial structures of rectangular plan with RC substructures was observed in several earthquakes, especially in the RC substructures. In order to reduce the seismic damage potential, a new structural configuration of spatial structure of rectangular plan is proposed, the substructures of which are composed of the steel substructure and the RC substructure. The latter only bears the vertical load of roof by the arrangement of horizontal sliding bearings between the roof and the RC...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Luminescent Supramolecular Nano- or Microstructures Formed in Aqueous Media by Amphiphile-Noble Metal Complexes
The involvement of metal ions within the self-assembly spontaneously occurring in surfactant-based systems gives additional and interesting features. The electronic states of the metal, together with the bonds that can be established with the organic amphiphilic counterpart, are the factors triggering new photophysical properties. Moreover, the availability of stimuli-responsive supramolecular amphiphile assemblies, able to disassemble in a back-process, provides reversible switching particularly...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
A Fourier-Cosine Method for Pricing Discretely Monitored Barrier Options under Stochastic Volatility and Double Exponential Jump
In this paper, the valuation of the discrete barrier options on the condition that the underlying asset price process follows the GARCH volatility and double exponential jump is studied. We derived an analytical approximation of the characteristic function for the underlying log-asset price. Then, a quasianalytical approximate formula of the price of the discrete barrier option is obtained based the on Fourier-cosine method. Numerical examples show that the Fourier-cosine method is fast and efficient...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Constrained Linear Curvature Image Registration Model and Its Numerical Algorithm
We propose a constrained linear curvature image registration model to explicitly control the deformation according to the transformed Jacobian matrix determinant using point-by-point inequality constraints in this paper. In addition, an effective numerical method is proposed to solve the resulting inequality constrained optimization model. Finally, some numerical examples are given to prove the obvious advantages of the curvature image registration model with inequality constraints.
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Dynamic Stability Analysis of Slope Subjected to Surcharge Load considering Tensile Strength Cut-Off
Surcharge slopes are more vulnerable to instability under the effects of earthquake ground shaking, especially considering the tensile stress. In order to account for the adverse factors of seismic forces and tensile stress, the theory of soil with tensile strength cut-off is deduced and analyzed using the upper bound limit analysis method in this paper. Combined with the quasistatic analysis, the equation of critical acceleration expression for surcharge slope subjected to the dynamic conditions...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Bilious Vomiting in the Newborn: A Three-Year Experience in a Tertiary Medical and Surgical Centre
Background. Bilious vomiting in the newborn is common and requires urgent attention to exclude malrotation. The proportion of neonates with surgical abnormalities, however, is small, and there are other causes. Study Objectives. We reviewed our experience of infants with bilious vomiting to demonstrate the importance of input from the tertiary surgical and medical team to arrive at the correct diagnosis. Design. Admissions with bilious vomiting/aspirates of term born infants over a three-year period...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Optimal Simulation of Sandcastle Life in Dynamic Environment Based on Stability Principle
This paper mainly studies to explore a three-dimensional geometric model including three modules of a sandcastle foundation with optimal stability. Firstly, based on the knowledge of streamline structure, structural mechanics, and fluid mechanics, the most stable sand pile foundation model under the action of tidal current and wave is established. Secondly, by limiting the degree of allowable aggregation, the discrete global optimization algorithm based on the continuous descent method is adopted...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
The Regularity Criteria and the A Priori Estimate on the 3D Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations in Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinate Systems
The paper considers the regularity problem on three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in general orthogonal curvilinear coordinate systems. We establish one regularity criteria of the weak solutions involving only in a vorticity component and one a priori estimate on the solution that is bounded for to three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in orthogonal curvilinear coordinate systems. These extent greatly the corresponding results on axisymmetric cylindrical...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Decoding Aging: Understanding the Complex Relationship among Aging, Free Radicals, and GSH
N-aryl maleimides can undergo a 1,4-Michael-type addition reaction with reduced glutathione (GSH), leading to a decreased concentration of GSH and an increased concentration of free radicals (FRs) in cells. GSH is a critical scavenging molecule responsible for protecting cells from oxidation and for maintaining redox homeostasis. N-aryl maleimides disturb redox homeostasis in cells because they scavenge thiol-containing molecules, especially GSH. This study aimed at measuring the concentrations of...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Hybrid Model Structure for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications of diabetes and the main cause of blindness. The progression of the disease can be prevented by early diagnosis of DR. Due to differences in the distribution of medical conditions and low labor efficiency, the best time for diagnosis and treatment was missed, which results in impaired vision. Using neural network models to classify and diagnose DR can improve efficiency and reduce costs. In this work, an improved loss function and...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Quality Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Yogurt Containing Raw Omija and Sugared Omija during Storage
This study was conducted to determine the quality characteristics and antioxidant properties of yogurt containing omija extract (control, raw omija, and sugared omija) stored at 4°C for 14 days. The pH of all groups decreased, while the titratable acidity increased as the storage period increased. The viscosity of the sugared omija sample was high, while in the syneresis test, the sugared omija sample showed a low value. The total polyphenol content was the highest in the raw omija sample on day...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
An Amalgamated Approach to Bilevel Feature Selection Techniques Utilizing Soft Computing Methods for Classifying Colon Cancer
One of the deadliest diseases which affects the large intestine is colon cancer. Older adults are typically affected by colon cancer though it can happen at any age. It generally starts as small benign growth of cells that forms on the inside of the colon, and later, it develops into cancer. Due to the propagation of somatic alterations that affects the gene expression, colon cancer is caused. A standardized format for assessing the expression levels of thousands of genes is provided by the DNA microarray...
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
15h
Association between hyperemesis gravidarum and psychological symptoms, psychosocial outcomes and infant bonding: a two-point prospective case-control multicentre survey study in an inner city setting
Objectives To assess if there is any association between hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), psychological morbidity and infant bonding and to quantify any psychosocial consequences of HG. Design Two-point prospective case–control, multicentre survey study with antenatal and postnatal data collection. Setting Three London hospitals. Participants Pregnant women at ≤12 completed weeks gestation recruited consecutively over 2 years. Women with HG were recruited at the time of admission;...
BMJ Open Current Issue
5h
Digital telemedicine interventions for patients with multimorbidity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Objective To determine the effectiveness of digital telemedicine interventions designed to improve outcomes in patients with multimorbidity. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of available literature. Data sources MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness and hand searching. The search included articles from inception to 19 April 2019 without language restrictions. The...
BMJ Open Current Issue
11h
PREventive effect of FENestration with and without clipping on post-kidney transplantation lymphatic complications (PREFEN): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Introduction Peritoneal fenestration is an effective preventive method for reducing the rate of lymphatic complications in kidney transplantation (KTx). The size of the fenestration plays an important role in its effectiveness. A large peritoneal window is no longer indicated, due to herniation and difficulties in performing biopsies. Small preventive fenestration is effective but will be closed too early. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether metal clips around the edges of a small fenestration...
BMJ Open Current Issue
11h
Uncovering the high burden of hypertension and its predictors among adult population in Hosanna town, southern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Objective Hypertension is a global public health problem, with its burden increasing particularly in developing countries. However, it has not yet received due attention in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among adult population in Hosanna town, southern Ethiopia. Design Community-based cross-sectional study. Setting Hosanna town, southern Ethiopia. Participants Adult population aged ≥18 years (n=634) were...
BMJ Open Current Issue
11h
Dance for people with chronic respiratory disease: a qualitative study
Objectives To explore the experiences and perceived impact on health and well-being related to participation in a dance group for people with chronic respiratory disease (CRD). Design An exploratory qualitative study using thematic analysis of semistructured interviews. Setting A community dance group in a UK health centre. Participants Convenience sample of long-term dance group participants. Intervention Weekly community dance sessions designed for people with breathlessness,...
BMJ Open Current Issue
11h
Effect of clindamycin and a live biotherapeutic on the reproductive outcomes of IVF patients with abnormal vaginal microbiota: protocol for a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre trial
Introduction Recent studies in in vitro fertilisation (IVF) patients have associated abnormal vaginal microbiota (AVM) with poor clinical pregnancy rates of 6%–9% per embryo transfer. The biological plausibility for this finding is hypothesised to be ascending infection to the endometrium which in turn hampers embryo implantation. New molecular based diagnosis may offer advantages compared to microscopical diagnosis of AVM which has huge inter-study variability ranging from 4 to 38%; however, the...
BMJ Open Current Issue
11h
Haemorrhage rates of ruptured and unruptured brain arteriovenous malformation after radiosurgery: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Objectives The present nationwide population-based cohort study aims to assess the effectiveness of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) on ruptured and unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) by evaluating the haemorrhage rates. Design A nationwide, retrospective cohort study. Setting Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Participants An observational study of 1515 patients who were diagnosed with brain AVMs between 1997 and 2013 from the Taiwan...
BMJ Open Current Issue
11h
Prescribing trends over time by non-medical independent prescribers in primary care settings across Wales (2011-2018): a secondary database analysis
Introduction As of 2015, as part of the implementation of the Welsh Government primary care plan and primary care clusters, the Welsh Government has encouraged non-medical healthcare professionals working in primary care to train as independent prescribers (IPs). Objectives This research aimed to identify the number of NMIPs in primary care in Wales and describe their prescribing trend of items between 2011 and 2018, in order to compare their prescribing pattern before and after the implementation...
BMJ Open Current Issue
11h
Perioperative intravenous lignocaine infusion for postoperative pain control in patients undergoing surgery of the spine: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction Intravenous lignocaine is an amide local anaesthetic known for its analgesic, antihyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Administration of intravenous lignocaine has been shown to enhance perioperative recovery parameters. This is the protocol for a systematic review which intends to summarise the evidence base for perioperative intravenous lignocaine administration in patients undergoing spinal surgery. Methods and analysis Our primary outcomes include: postoperative...
BMJ Open Current Issue
11h
Patient-reported experiences with general practitioners: a randomised study of mail and web-based approaches following a national survey
Objective The standard data-collection procedure in the Norwegian national patient experience survey programme is post-discharge mail surveys, which include a pen-and-paper questionnaire with the option to answer electronically. A purely electronic protocol has not previously been explored in Norway. The aim of this study was to compare response rates, background characteristics, data quality and main study results for a survey of patient experiences with general practitioners (GPs) administered...
BMJ Open Current Issue
11h
Do lifestyle measures to counter COVID-19 affect frailty rates in elderly community dwelling? Protocol for cross-sectional and cohort study
Introduction Local activities that functioned to prevent frailty in the elderly have been suspended or reduced as a countermeasure against COVID-19. As a result, frailty rates are expected to increase, and frailty is expected to worsen as a secondary problem associated with COVID-19 countermeasures. Therefore, this study aims to determine the extent of frailty in the elderly associated with lifestyle changes implemented as COVID-19 countermeasures, to ascertain actual lifestyle changes and clarify...
BMJ Open Current Issue
11h
Factors associated with advanced stage at diagnosis of cervical cancer in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a population-based study
Objective To describe the patterns and factors associated with advanced stage at diagnosis of cervical cancer among Addis Ababa residents, Ethiopia. Design A population-based cross-sectional study. Setting Seven major hospitals or diagnostic facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Participants All histopathology-confirmed patients with incident cervical cancer diagnosed from 1 January 2017 to 30 June 2018 among Addis Ababa residents. Outcome measures The proportion of patients...
BMJ Open Current Issue
11h
COVID-19: Vaccine Trials Paused / Reinfection in U.S. / Hearing Loss
Check out some of the latest COVID-19 developments: Vaccine trials paused: Johnson & Johnson has paused dosing in its COVID-19 vaccine trials, including a...
NEJM Journal Watch: Physician's First Watch RSS Feed
5h
Self-Directed Physical Therapy Effective After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Self-directed physical therapy is as beneficial as physical-therapist-led care in patients with slower recovery after total knee arthroplasty, according to a randomized...
NEJM Journal Watch: Physician's First Watch RSS Feed
6h
Your NEJM Group Today: Telehealth Lessons / Adding Antipsychotics to Antidepressants? / Radiology & ENT Opportunities
See what's happening around NEJM Group: NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery: Commentary: Before the pandemic, Central Ohio Primary Care (COPC) had zero experience with...
NEJM Journal Watch: Physician's First Watch RSS Feed
6h
Sudden irreversible hearing loss post COVID-19
Sudden onset sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is frequently seen by otolaryngologists. The exact pathophysiology of the disease is still unknown, with the most likely causative factor being following a viral infection. Immediate steroids are the best treatment to improve prognosis. Despite a plethora of papers in the literature describing SSNHL, there are only a few reported cases of hearing loss following COVID-19, none of which have been reported in the UK. This paper presents the first UK case...
BMJ Case Reports Last 6 Issues
5h
Clinical, pharmacokinetic and economic analysis of the first switch to an extended half-life factor IX (albutrepenonacog alfa, rFIX-FP) in Spain
Extended half-life of factor IX (FIX) demonstrated clinical benefit and lower treatment burden than standard half-life FIX products in clinical trials. We analysed the impact in efficacy, pharmacokinetics (PKs) and costs of the switch from nonacog alfa (rFIX) to albutrepenonacog alfa (rFIX-FP) in the first patient with haemophilia B (HB) treated in Spain outside clinical trials. A 7-year-old boy presented with HB with poor venous access and repetition infections using rFIX, which was switched to...
BMJ Case Reports Last 6 Issues
12h
Leukemoid reaction causing arterial thrombus in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma
A leukemoid reaction is typically defined as white blood cell (WBC) count >50x109/L, predominantly neutrophil precursors, that are not due to tumour involvement in the bone marrow and not derived from clones. Leukemoid reactions associated with malignancy, known as paraneoplastic leukemoid reactions, are less common and are most notably seen with non-small cell lung cancer. A 64-year-old woman presented with right leg painful ulceration. On examination, she had multiple venous stasis ulcers more...
BMJ Case Reports Last 6 Issues
12h
[Articles] Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of a plant-derived, quadrivalent, virus-like particle influenza vaccine in adults (18–64 years) and older adults (≥65 years): two multicentre, randomised phase 3 trials
These efficacy studies are the first large-scale studies of any plant-derived human vaccine. Together, they show that the plant-derived QVLP vaccine can provide substantial protection against respiratory illness and influenza-like illness caused by influenza viruses in adults. QVLP vaccine was well tolerated and no major safety signal arose in participants who received QVLP vaccine across the two studies.
The Lancet
6h
[Review] SARS-CoV-2 immunity: review and applications to phase 3 vaccine candidates
Understanding immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is crucial to understanding disease pathogenesis and the usefulness of bridge therapies, such as hyperimmune globulin and convalescent human plasma, and to developing vaccines, antivirals, and monoclonal antibodies. A mere 11 months ago, the canvas we call COVID-19 was blank. Scientists around the world have worked collaboratively to fill in this blank canvas. In this Review, we discuss what is currently known about...
The Lancet
6h
[Correspondence] Maternal and child mortality worsens in Latin America and the Caribbean
The response to the COVID-19 pandemic in most Latin American and Caribbean countries has led to the suspension or limitation of reproductive, maternal, neonatal, and child health (RMNCH) services that need restoration as soon as possible to avoid premature deaths. The UNDP–UNICEF commissioned report, Challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic in the health of women, children, and adolescents in Latin America and the Caribbean,1 finds that the ongoing reduction in coverage is reversing achievements...
The Lancet
6h
[Comment] The 2020 US election is a crucial opportunity to advance women's reproductive rights
Women are increasingly recognised as a major force in the US electorate—they represented 53% of voters in the 2018 mid-term national elections.1 White suburban women helped to secure the victory of US President Donald Trump in the 2016 election, whereas African American women voted overwhelmingly (94%) for candidate Hillary Clinton in that election.2
The Lancet
6h
[Correspondence] Nursing's seat at the research roundtable
WHO's Year of the Nurse and Midwife 2020 began as an unforeseen global health-care crisis quietly gained traction. With no disease-specific prevention, treatment or cure for COVID-19, public health measures and supportive care—interventions developed and delivered largely by nurses—were the first and remain the only unequivocally effective defences against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
The Lancet
6h
[Comment] First human efficacy study of a plant-derived influenza vaccine
In The Lancet, Brian Ward and colleagues report two efficacy studies that are, to the best of my knowledge, the first randomised phase 3 trials of a plant-derived quadrivalent influenza vaccine.1 The vaccine material was generated in Nicotiana benthamiana, a relative of the tobacco plant. The plants were transfected with an attenuated plant viral vector (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) expressing influenza haemagglutinin genes and the vaccine was recovered from the transfected plants in the form of virus-like...
The Lancet
6h
[Comment] Immunity to Ebola virus: the full picture is being revealed
In The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Ruth Thom and colleagues1 report substantial information concerning naturally acquired immunity following an infection with Zaire ebolavirus.1
The Lancet Infectious Diseases
6h
[Articles] Longitudinal antibody and T cell responses in Ebola virus disease survivors and contacts: an observational cohort study
The continuous high titre of neutralising antibodies and increased T cell response might support the concept of long-term protective immunity in survivors. The existence of antibody and T cell responses in contacts of individuals with Ebola virus disease adds further evidence to the existence of sub-clinical Ebola virus infection.
The Lancet Infectious Diseases
6h
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Incisional Therapy and Balloon Dilatation for Esophageal Anastomotic Stricture
Abstract Background Benign esophageal anastomotic strictures have typically been treated using endoscopic methods, often with balloon dilatation (BD). However, recurrent esophageal strictures after BD have been reported. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of endoscopic incisional therapy (EIT) and BD for treating an anastomotic stricture after a total gastrectomy. Methods ...
Latest Results for Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
8h
Laparoscopic Ventral Mesh Rectopexy Versus Transvaginal Posterior Colporrhaphy in Management of Anterior Rectocele
Abstract Background Management of rectocele is challenging. Treatment usually starts with conservative measures and may involve surgical intervention in non-responding patients. We compared the outcomes of transvaginal posterior colporrhaphy (PC) and laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy (LVMR) in treatment of anterior rectocele. Methods Patients with anterior...
Latest Results for Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
8h
Play Helped Dogs Be Our Best Friends
The ancestors of today’s dogs already exhibited some playfulness, which became a key trait during domestication. -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
Scientific American Content: Global
8h
How to Get Through This Election
Stop arguing with people about what is true. Instead ask how they are voting -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
Scientific American Content: Global
9h
Natural Disasters May Push Global Finances to the Brink
In the past 20 years, 20 climate-fueled disasters have caused damage to countries worth more than 10 percent of their GDP -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
Scientific American Content: Global
10h
Neandertal DNA May Be COVID Risk
A stretch of Neandertal DNA has been associated with some cases of severe COVID-19, but it’s unclear how much of a risk it poses. Christopher Intagliata reports.  -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
Scientific American Content: Global
14h
Moving in Sync Creates Surprising Social Bonds among People
Dancing, rowing and even finger tapping in unison unleash powerful forces in the brain that drive good feelings -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
Scientific American Content: Global
15h
Do We Live in a Simulation? Chances Are about 50–50
Gauging whether or not we dwell inside someone else’s computer may come down to advanced AI research—or measurements at the frontiers of cosmology -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
Scientific American Content: Global
16h
Magic Is (Literally) for the Birds
What conjuring techniques can reveal about animal cognition -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
Scientific American Content: Global
17h
Why the World's Biggest Dinosaurs Keep Getting Cut Down to Size
Debate erupts over how best to estimate the sizes of the largest creatures ever to have walked the earth -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
Scientific American Content: Global
18h
Triiodothyronine use in hypothyroidism and its effects on cancer and mortality.
Triiodothyronine use in hypothyroidism and its effects on cancer and mortality. Thyroid. 2020 Oct 12;: Authors: Planck T, Hedberg F, Calissendorff J, Nlisson A Abstract BACKGROUND: The prescription of triiodothyronine (T3) to treat hypothyroidism is increasing worldwide; however, the long-term safety of T3 use has yet to be determined. Previous studies have suggested a possible association between T3 use and breast cancer. The aim of this...
thyroid
10h
FlowSense Monitors Hydrocephalus Shunts: Exlusive with Anna Lisa Somera, CEO of Rhaeos
Hydrocephalus patients have an excess of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, which needs to be drained away through a ventricular shunt. However, these shunts regularly fail, with potentially life-threatening results. At present, there isn’t an easy way to check that a shunt is still working, and clinicians typically use brain MRI/CT scans to see if a shunt is still draining correctly. Not only are these imaging procedures inconvenient and expensive, but in the case of CT they may expose...
Medgadget
10h
Robotic Probe for Semi-Autonomous Colonoscopies
Researchers at the University of Leeds in the UK have developed a robotic system that can assist a physician or nurse to perform a colonoscopy. The system uses magnets to guide a probe through the body, and its developers claim that the approach is easier for operators and less painful and uncomfortable for patients. The researchers hope that the system could make colonoscopies more widely available. Colonoscopies are vital in detecting a variety of pathologies, including colorectal...
Medgadget
14h
“The structure of the Type III secretion system export gate with CdsO, an ATPase lever arm”
by Jaime L. Jensen, Shavait Yamini, Arne Rietsch, Benjamin W. Spiller Type III protein secretion systems (T3SS) deliver effector proteins from the Gram-negative bacterial cytoplasm into a eukaryotic host cell through a syringe-like, multi-protein nanomachine. Cytosolic components of T3SS include a portion of the export apparatus, which traverses the inner membrane and features the opening of the secretion channel, and the sorting complex for substrate recognition and for providing the energetics...
PLoS Pathogens
10h
IL-27 signalling regulates glycolysis in Th1 cells to limit immunopathology during infection
by Marcela Montes de Oca, Fabian de Labastida Rivera, Clay Winterford, Teija C. M. Frame, Susanna S. Ng, Fiona H. Amante, Chelsea L. Edwards, Luzia Bukali, Yulin Wang, Jude E. Uzonna, Rachel D. Kuns, Ping Zhang, Agnieszka Kabat, Ramon I. Klein Geltink, Edward J. Pearce, Geoffrey R. Hill, Christian R. Engwerda Inflammation is critical for controlling pathogens, but also responsible for symptoms of infectious diseases. IL-27 is an important regulator of inflammation and can limit development of...
PLoS Pathogens
10h
YebC regulates variable surface antigen VlsE expression and is required for host immune evasion in <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>
by Yan Zhang, Tong Chen, Sajith Raghunandanan, Xuwu Xiang, Jing Yang, Qiang Liu, Diane G. Edmondson, Steven J. Norris, X. Frank Yang, Yongliang Lou Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease pathogen causes persistent infection by evading the host immune response. Differential expression of the surface-exposed lipoprotein VlsE that undergoes antigenic variation is a key immune evasion strategy employed by B. burgdorferi. Most studies focused on the mechanism of VlsE antigen variation, but little...
PLoS Pathogens
10h
Mining for humoral correlates of HIV control and latent reservoir size
by Jishnu Das, Anush Devadhasan, Caitlyn Linde, Tom Broge, Jessica Sassic, Max Mangano, Sean O'Keefe, Todd Suscovich, Hendrik Streeck, Alivelu Irrinki, Chris Pohlmeyer, Gundula Min-Oo, Shu Lin, Joshua A. Weiner, Thomas Cihlar, Margaret E. Ackerman, Boris Julg, Steven Deeks, Douglas A. Lauffenburger, Galit Alter While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has effectively revolutionized HIV care, the virus is never fully eliminated. Instead, immune dysfunction, driven by persistent non-specific immune...
PLoS Pathogens
10h
<i>Wolbachia</i> and <i>Sirtuin-4</i> interaction is associated with alterations in host glucose metabolism and bacterial titer
by Heverton Leandro Carneiro Dutra, Mark Anthony Deehan, Horacio Frydman Wolbachia is an intracellular bacterial symbiont of arthropods notorious for inducing many reproductive manipulations that foster its dissemination. Wolbachia affects many aspects of host biology, including metabolism, longevity and physiology, being described as a nutrient provisioning or metabolic parasite, depending on the host-microbe association. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are a family of NAD+-dependent post-translational regulatory...
PLoS Pathogens
10h
Analysis of SARS‐CoV‐2 mutations in Mexico, Belize and isolated regions of Guatemala and its implication in the diagnosis
Abstract Background The genomic sequences of SARS‐CoV‐2 worldwide are publicly available and are derived from studies due to the increase in the number of cases. The importance of study of mutations is related to the possible virulence and diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2. Aims To identify circulating mutations present in SARS‐CoV‐2 genomic sequences in Mexico, Belize and Guatemala to find out if the same strain spread to the south, and analyze the specificity of the primers used for diagnosis in...
Journal of Medical Virology
11h
Blood functional assay for rapid clinical interpretation of germline TP53 variants
BackgroundThe interpretation of germline TP53 variants is critical to ensure appropriate medical management of patients with cancer and follow-up of variant carriers. This interpretation remains complex and is becoming a growing challenge considering the exponential increase in TP53 tests. We developed a functional assay directly performed on patients’ blood.MethodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured, activated, exposed to doxorubicin and the p53-mediated transcriptional response was...
JMG Online First
11h
Association between ARID2 and RAS-MAPK pathway in intellectual disability and short stature
BackgroundARID2 belongs to the Switch/sucrose non-fermenting complex, in which the genetic defects have been found in patients with dysmorphism, short stature and intellectual disability (ID). As the phenotypes of patients with ARID2 mutations partially overlap with those of RASopathy, this study evaluated the biochemical association between ARID2 and RAS-MAPK pathway.MethodsThe phenotypes of 22 patients with either an ARID2 heterozygous mutation or haploinsufficiency were reviewed. Comprehensive...
JMG Online First
11h

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