Positive Youth Development Program for Mental Health Promotion in College Campuses: Stakeholder Perspectives Abstract The present study aimed at exploring stakeholder perspectives on felt need, potential content, receptivity and feasibility of a positive youth development program for mental health promotion in college campuses. Study objectives were attained through semi-structured interviews with 20 college faculty/administrators and five focus group discussions with 64 students across 16 colleges in a metropolitan city in South India. The need and relevance of a program for mental health promotion were endorsed by all the participants, and it was considered feasible with prior planning. Suggestions for potential content of such a program included mental health awareness, dealing with depression and anxiety, managing negative emotions, managing pressures and temptations, improving self-confidence, reflection and clarity about life goals, cultivating sense of gratitude, broadening other orientation, and time management skills. The content of intervention perceived as important by the two groups of stakeholders highlighted the broad convergences between the potential themes being considered by the researchers and the stakeholder views. Potential receptivity to the program was considered to be good though it was perceived to be influenced by the awareness about the importance of such a program. Suboptimal interest of college authority and/or students and competing academics and other programs were identified as potential challenges to program implementation. The findings are discussed with respect to implications for program development as well as for further research.

Examining the Psychometric Properties of a Modified Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale: A Rasch Measurement Approach Abstract Drawing on data from the second wave of the Children’s Worlds: International Survey of Children’s Well-Being, this study examined the psychometric properties of a modified Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale (SLSS) using the Rasch measurement model in a sample of 1817 10- and 12-year-old children belonging to a highly collectivistic South Asian country, Nepal. Results of the study revealed that the modified SLSS data met the assumptions of the Rasch measurement model, and the internal structure of the modified SLSS represented a hierarchy of item difficulties. The modified SLSS items also exhibited adequate model-data fit, and they were found to be invariant across gender and age groups. Taken together, the modified SLSS is a psychometrically sound measure appropriate for assessing life satisfaction among Nepalese children.

Entrepreneurial Passion, Self-efficacy, and Spiritual Intelligence among Iranian SME Owner–Managers Abstract This research aims to explore the concept of entrepreneurial passion among private sector business people and study the effects of spiritual intelligence and self-efficacy on developing and enhancing its levels. Structural equations modeling approach is being utilized. Drawing on a survey conducted among a sample of SME owner–managers in an industrial park in Tehran (Iran), it has been verified that spiritual intelligence and self-efficacy are positively associated with two dimensions of entrepreneurial passion (passion for inventing and passion for founding). However, their impact on the third dimension (passion for developing) is not statistically significant. Entrepreneurial passion is a newly formed construct in the intersection of entrepreneurship and psychological studies of the workplace literature. Empirically proved to be an effective motivator for initiating economic activities, sufficient theoretical explanations in this field are yet to come. This study is one of the first to investigate the issue in the context of a developing nation.

“I Hope I Will Be Able to Go Back to My Home City”: Narratives of Suffering and Survival of Children in Palestine Abstract In light of critical psychology and socio-constructionist theories, the present work aims at analyzing attitudes of political agency, psychological adjustment to trauma, and resistance, as protective factors against political violence in 122 children living in refugee camps in Palestine: Aida and Dheisheh camps in the West Bank and Jabalia camp on the Gaza Strip. Data were collected over 3 months, during summer camps that lasted at least 6 days. We conducted a comparative analysis of the use of drawing as a diagnostic tool for children who have experienced severe trauma and its use as a narrative instrument. Two strikingly different portraits emerge from a diagnostic perspective on the inner states of trauma-impacted children versus a narrative child-centered perspective that values children’s own efforts to construct meaning. The former type of analysis is underpinned by an image of vulnerable children, afflicted by symptoms and at risk of losing emotional and behavioral control. In contrast, the analysis of children’s narratives reveals abundant sources of functioning, coping abilities and agency in facing adversity. We discuss the fact that the first of these approaches fails to capture the protective and functioning factors underlying aspects of dysfunction and maladaptation. Diagnosis-oriented approaches risk to victimize and pathologize children living in contexts of ongoing trauma. The results of this preliminary survey on children’s activism and agency show and confirm the crucial role of context in shaping children’s suffering and reactions to war and ongoing violence.

Network of Relationships among the Domain-Specific Self-perceptions of Competence/Adequacy, Self-esteem, Locus of Control, and Work Value Orientations Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the network of relations among domain-specific self-perceptions of competence/adequacy, self-esteem, locus of control, and work value orientations through employing a structural equation modeling approach. The sample of the study consisted of 510 Greek tertiary education students who completed the Self-Perception Profile for College Students, the Work Values Scale and the Nowicki–Strickland Locus of Control Scale. The results showed that intrinsic orientations appear to be more strongly rooted in the competence and the social domains of self-perception than extrinsic values. Specifically, the three competence (job competence, academic competence, and creativity) and the two social relationships with peers domains (close friendships and social acceptance) had a direct effect on intrinsic work values, with all effects being positive. In contrast, extrinsic values were directly affected by only two specific domains: job competence whose effect was negative and social acceptance which exerted a positive effect on extrinsic values, as it did on intrinsic values. Self-esteem exerted its influence on work value orientations only indirectly via its impact on locus of control, which in turn had an effect on extrinsic values indicating that individuals with a more extrinsic locus of control orientation endorse a more extrinsic work value orientation. The results of the present study can inform, through the proposed model, a better understanding of the differential importance of the domain-specific self-perceptions in shaping work value orientations.

A Study of the Relationship between Familial Factors and Academic Motivation and Achievement in High School Students Abstract Educational psychologists, nowadays, are more concerned about the students who are motivated in learning and interested in achieving their academic goals. Academic motivation and achievement are considered as primary indicators of students’ learning process and outcomes. This study aimed to know the relationship between the most important familial factors (e.g., parental education, parental occupation, family type, monthly household income, sibling’s achievement) with students’ academic motivation and achievement. One hundred and eighty high school students, age ranging from 13 to 16 years (M = 14.20, SD = .960), at eighth through tenth grade, were selected from six high schools through purposive sampling method, from Chittagong, Bangladesh. A Bangla version of ‘Academic Motivation Questionnaire’ (Fatematuzzohra et al., 2010), originally developed by Vallerand et al. (Can J Behav Sci 21(3):323–349, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0079855), was used to pursue the study. The result showed that all of the familial factors except the family type had significant effects on both students’ academic motivation and achievement scores. A significant positive correlation was found between students’ academic achievement and academic motivation scores (r = .339, p < .01). All of the familial factors were significant in explaining students’ academic achievement as well as their academic motivation. These factors combinedly explained 57.5% of the variance in students’ academic achievement (R2 = .575, F(13, 166) = 17.281, p < .01) and explained 30.5% of the variance in students’ academic motivation (R2 = .305, F(13, 166) = 5.614, p < .01). Implications for understanding the relationship between familial factors and academic motivation and achievement are discussed.

Psychological Capital Augments Employee Engagement Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine the importance of psychological capital as a significant predictor of employees’ engagement and also how these positive psychological capabilities motivate employees to perform beyond their job description. In today’s competitive environment, it is a challenging task for all organizations to enhance the levels of work engagement among employees. To address this challenge, the present study focuses on how core dimensions of psychological capital are related to employee engagement, as it contributes positively to different workplace outcomes and performance level of employees. The study has been conducted using a sample of 200 IT professionals. Data analyses were performed using correlation analysis and structural equation modeling. The result of path coefficient (β = .70, p < .001) suggested that high (low) psychological capital was associated with high (low) employee engagement. A positive and significant correlation was reported between psychological capital and employee engagement. The findings suggested psychological capital work as a significant predictor, along with the other variables in fostering employee engagement.

The Role of Job Satisfaction behind the Link between Group Cohesion, Collective Efficacy, and Life Satisfaction Abstract The thrust of this study is to understand whether a group member’s perception of their cohesion and collective efficacy impacts life satisfaction. It examines whether job satisfaction mediates between group cohesion and collective efficacy. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling on data obtained through questionnaire from 389 software professionals deployed on various projects. Controlling for the effects of job satisfaction, the results revealed that job satisfaction is a partial mediator between group cohesion and life satisfaction. However, job satisfaction did not mediate the relationship of collective efficacy with life satisfaction. Contrarily, collective efficacy is found to be negatively significantly associated with the mediator of job satisfaction. The authors discussed these results in relation to the literature on job satisfaction, group cohesion, collective efficacy, and issues related to life satisfaction specificity.

Expressions of Women Survivors of Domestic Violence: Idioms of Distress Abstract Domestic violence is prevalent worldwide; however, there are cultural differences in women’s experiences of this phenomenon. This study used the concept of idioms of distress, to understand the impact of domestic violence on women survivors in India. A qualitative method was adopted, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with six women survivors of domestic violence. Using thematic network analysis, one global theme, four organizing themes and 19 basic themes emerged. The idioms of distress identified included, physiological idioms (such as aches and pains, nutritional deficiencies, reproductive), psychological idioms (such as depression, low self-confidence, change in aspirations and ambitions, mistrust, rumination) and behavioral idioms (such as crying, withdrawal, irritability, disturbed sleep). Of all the idioms, only nutritional deficiencies and the reproductive idioms were of concern to the survivors and their marital family. Implications for improving the screening of domestic violence are discussed based on the identified idioms and the responses toward them.

Knowledge About Parenting as a Predictor of Behavioral Discipline Practices between Mothers and Fathers Abstract Knowledge of child-rearing and child development is of the utmost importance to optimal parenting and child well-being. Most of what is known about parenting knowledge is derived from mothers or at-risk samples. Accordingly, in a sample comprising both mothers and fathers, we examined and compared parenting knowledge, dysfunctional discipline practices, and parenting self-efficacy. We also explored the preferred sources of knowledge employed by parents in gathering information about child development. Fathers demonstrated lesser knowledge about child development compared to mothers, were more likely to employ dysfunctional disciplining strategies, and relied on their partner for information about parenting. Parent gender, parent age, and ethnicity were significant predictors of parenting knowledge, and higher parenting knowledge was associated with diminished use of dysfunctional discipline behaviors. We discuss these findings in relation to the ‘gate-keeping process’ and sociocultural changes in relation to gender norms for mothers and fathers.