Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 441: Determination of Deoxynivalenol Biomarkers in Italian Urine Samples Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11080441 Authors: De Santis Debegnach Miano Moretti Sonego Chiaretti Buonsenso Brera Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Fusarium graminearum that can contaminate cereals and cereal-based foodstuff. Urinary DON levels can be used as biomarker for exposure assessment purposes. This study assessed urinary DON concentrations...
Thu Jul 25, 2019 03:00
Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 442: A Probable Fatal Case of Oleander (Nerium oleander) Poisoning on a Cattle Farm: A New Method of Detection and Quantification of the Oleandrin Toxin in Rumen Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11080442 Authors: Rubini Rossi Mestria Odoardi Chendi Poli Merialdi Andreoli Frisoni Gaudio Baldisserotto Buso Manfredini Govoni Barbieri Centelleghe Corazzola Mazzariol Locatelli Oleander (Nerium oleander)...
Thu Jul 25, 2019 03:00
Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 440: Bacillus thuringiensis Vip1 Functions as a Receptor of Vip2 Toxin for Binary Insecticidal Activity against Holotrichia parallela Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11080440 Authors: Jianxun Geng Jian Jiang Changlong Shu Zeyu Wang Fuping Song Lili Geng Jiangyan Duan Jie Zhang Bacillus thuringiensis is a well-known entomopathogenic bacterium that produces vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vips, including Vip1, Vip2, Vip3, and Vip4) during the vegetative...
Thu Jul 25, 2019 03:00
Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 437: Intracellular Trafficking and Translocation of Pertussis Toxin Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11080437 Authors: Ken Teter Pertussis toxin (PT) is a multimeric complex of six proteins. The PTS1 subunit is an ADP-ribosyltransferase that inactivates the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric Gi/o proteins. The remaining PT subunits form a pentamer that positions PTS1 in and above the central cavity of the triangular structure. Adhesion of this pentamer to glycoprotein or...
Thu Jul 25, 2019 03:00
Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 438: Effects of Antagonists on Mycotoxins of Seedborne Fusarium spp. in Sweet Corn Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11080438 Authors: Mary E. Ridout Bruce Godfrey George Newcombe Fusarium species coexist as toxigenic, systemic pathogens in sweet corn seed production in southwestern Idaho, USA. We hypothesized that fungal antagonists of seedborne Fusarium would differentially alter production of Fusarium mycotoxins directly and/or systemically. We challenged the...
Thu Jul 25, 2019 03:00
Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 439: Ergochromes: Heretofore Neglected Side of Ergot Toxicity Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11080439 Authors: Miroslav Flieger Eva Stodůlková Stephen A. Wyka Jan Černý Valéria Grobárová Kamila Píchová Petr Novák Petr Man Marek Kuzma Ladislav Cvak Kirk D. Broders Miroslav Kolařík Ergot, fungal genus Claviceps, are worldwide distributed grass pathogens known for their production of toxic ergot alkaloids (EAs) and the great agricultural...
Thu Jul 25, 2019 03:00
Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 436: Diversity, Cyanotoxin Production, and Bioactivities of Cyanobacteria Isolated from Freshwaters of Greece Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11080436 Authors: Spyros Gkelis Manthos Panou Despoina Konstantinou Panagiotis Apostolidis Antonia Kasampali Sofia Papadimitriou Dominiki Kati Giorgia Maria Di Lorenzo Stamatia Ioakeim Sevasti-Kiriaki Zervou Christophoros Christophoridis Theodoros M. Triantis Triantafyllos Kaloudis Anastasia Hiskia...
Thu Jul 25, 2019 03:00
Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 435: In Situ Collection and Preservation of Intact Microcystis Colonies to Assess Population Diversity and Microcystin Quotas Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11080435 Authors: Jonathan Puddick Eric O. Goodwin Ian Hawes David P. Hamilton Susanna A. Wood Understanding of colony specific properties of cyanobacteria in the natural environment has been challenging because sampling methods disaggregate colonies and there are often delays before they can be isolated...
Wed Jul 24, 2019 03:00
Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 434: Target Analysis and Retrospective Screening of Multiple Mycotoxins in Pet Food Using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11080434 Authors: Luigi Castaldo Giulia Graziani Anna Gaspari Luana Izzo Josefa Tolosa Yelko Rodríguez-Carrasco Alberto Ritieni A comprehensive strategy combining a quantitative method for 28 mycotoxins and a post-target screening for other 245 fungal and bacterial metabolites in dry pet food samples were developed...
Wed Jul 24, 2019 03:00
Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 433: Characterization of Phase I and Glucuronide Phase II Metabolites of 17 Mycotoxins Using Liquid Chromatography—High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11080433 Authors: Irina Slobodchikova Reajean Sivakumar Md Samiur Rahman Dajana Vuckovic Routine mycotoxin biomonitoring methods do not include many mycotoxin phase I and phase II metabolites, which may significantly underestimate mycotoxin exposure especially for heavily metabolized...
Wed Jul 24, 2019 03:00
Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 432: Accumulation of Microcystin-LR in Grains of Two Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.) and a Leafy Vegetable, Ipomoea aquatica Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11080432 Authors: Menuja M Wijewickrama Pathmalal M Manage The potential transfer of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) to humans via crop plants irrigated with MC-contaminated water is causing serious concern. In this study, two Oryza sativa variants, a hybrid (BG358), a traditional (Suwandel) variety, and a leafy green...
Wed Jul 24, 2019 03:00
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