Sedentary behavior, exercise, and cancer development No abstract available

Real-world clinical outcomes of anticancer treatments in patients with advanced melanoma in China: retrospective, observational study Introduction: Treatment options for advanced melanoma in China are lacking, particularly second-line therapies. The aim of this retrospective observational study was to describe the real-world effectiveness of available anticancer therapies in patients with locally advanced/metastatic melanoma in China. Methods: Adult patients with unresectable stage III or IV melanoma treated between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015, at the Beijing Cancer Hospital (BCH) were eligible (data cutoff: December 31, 2017). Data were obtained from patient electronic medical records. Responders were adjudicated per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Of 248 eligible patients, 221 and 116 were treated with anticancer therapies in first-line and second-line settings, respectively (89 received both at BCH). Approximately 95% of patients had stage IV melanoma; 40.7% had acral melanoma, and 30.6% had mucosal histology. By data cutoff, 195 of 248 (78.6%) patients had died. Median OS for all patients was 10.5 months; 12-month OS rate was 43.9%. In the first-line setting, the objective response rate was 6.3% (95% confidence interval, 3.5%–10.4%) and the median duration of response was 9.1 months. Median PFS was 3.5 months and 12-month PFS rate was 10.6%; median OS was 10.5 months and 12-month OS rate was 43.5%. In the second-line setting, objective response rate was 3.4% (95% confidence interval, 0.9%–8.6%) and median duration of response was 7.5 months. Median PFS was 2.3 months and 12-month PFS rate was 5.2%; median OS was 7.5 months and 12-month OS rate was 30.5%. Conclusion: In China, first-line and second-line anticancer therapy seems to be associated with suboptimal clinical outcomes in advanced melanoma, indicating a need for effective therapies.

Uncommon presentation of a huge intrathoracic ganglioneuroma in an 8-year-old child: a rare case report Ganglioneuroma (GN) is a rare benign neurogenic tumor which arises from the neural crest cells that represent the final maturation stage of neuroblasts. GN is commonly encountered in adolescent or young adult. Until now, only a few cases of intrathoracic GN were reported in pediatric patients, especially in below 10 years of age. We report here an 8-year-old boy, who first presented to primary care with symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection. Radiologic investigations revealed a giant posterior mediastinal mass extending from T4 to T9 vertebrae without evidence of vascular invasion or infiltration into adjacent structures. The patient subsequently underwent left thoracotomy and resection of mass under general anesthesia. He was discharged 3 days after operation without complication. Histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of thoracic GN. Grades of the neuroblastic differentiation increase with the median age at diagnosis. Although GNs are usually benign, they can grow aggressively and cause compression to an adjacent structure. Therefore, surgical resection is the only treatment. Debulking of tumor provides an alternative solution, especially when vital structures are involved. Complete resection remains the gold standard treatment for GN. However, in cases of incomplete resection, all residual tumors require regular clinical and radiodiagnostic follow-up.

Neuroendocrine tumor mixed with adenoma in rectum: a case report and literature review Neuroendocrine tumor (NET) mixed with adenoma in rectum is rare. A 63-year-old man with a rectal adenoma underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection. A 3.2 cm neoplasm was dissected, which histologically corresponded to a villous adenoma with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. More interestingly, cells arranged in strip were found in the submucosa, with SyN(+) and CgA(−) in immunohistochemical staining, which were correspond to an NET. Although mixed adenoma with NET is rare, but we should alert it especially in large adenoma and full-scale preoperative evaluation should be taken before endoscopic operation.