• ScienceDirect Publication: Pathology - Research and Practice
• CLINICOPATHOLOGIC ANALYSIS OF VERRUCOUS HYPERPLASIA, VERRUCOUS CARCINOMA AND SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AS PART OF THE CLINICOPATHOLOGIC SPECTRUM OF ORAL PROLIFERATIVE VERRUCOUS LEUKOPLAKIA: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND ANALYSIS

  Publication date: Available online 25 September 2019Source: Pathology - Research and PracticeAuthor(s): Sharon Akrish, Lana Eskander-Hashoul, Adi Rachmiel, Ofer Ben-IzhakAbstractOBJECTIVEProliferative verrucous leukoplakia is classified as a potentially malignant disorder because of its high rate of malignant transformation. PVL progresses in a series of clinical stages where the early stage represents multiple, multifocal leukoplakias with a hig

  ScienceDirect Publication: Pathology - Research and Practice

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 05:52
• Oral Diseases
• Smart Cell‐Specific Protein Therapeutics for Head and Neck Cancer

  Abstract Gene expression through protein delivery is a safer alternative to gene therapy vectors as rapid, robust, and short‐term gene expression can be achieved without the accompanying risk of insertional mutagenesis. Cell‐penetrating peptides (CPPs) are a diverse class of peptides that have been derived from viral proteins or developed synthetically. These peptides can readily translocate into live cells in vitro and in vivo, and when fused t

  Oral Diseases

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 09:41
• Evolutionary Biology News -- ScienceDaily
• Natural selection alters genes that control roundworms' sense of smell

  Researchers have produced some of the first evidence that shows that artificial selection and natural selection act on the same genes, a hypothesis predicted by Charles Darwin in 1859.

  Evolutionary Biology News -- ScienceDaily

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 10:44
• Clinical Cancer Research Online First Articles
• Clinical assessment of 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin, nab-paclitaxel, and irinotecan(FOLFIRABRAX) in untreated gastrointestinal cancer patients using UGT1A1 genotype-guided dosing

  Purpose: 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin, irinotecan, and nab-paclitaxel are all active agents in gastrointestinal cancers; the combination, FOLFIRABRAX, has not been previously evaluated. UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) clears SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan. UGT1A1*28 polymorphism reduces UGT1A1 enzymatic activity and predisposes to toxicity. We performed a trial to assess the safety and tolerability of FOLFIRABRAX with UGT1A1 gen

  Clinical Cancer Research Online First Articles

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:36
• {-}{-}{-}Comprehensive transcriptomic profiling identifies breast cancer patients who may be spared adjuvant systemic therapy

  Purpose: There is currently no molecular signature in clinical use for adjuvant endocrine therapy omission in breast cancer. Given the unique trial design of SweBCG91-RT, where adjuvant endocrine and chemotherapy were largely unadministered, we sought to evaluate the potential of transcriptomic profiling for identifying patients who may be spared adjuvant endocrine therapy. Experimental Design: We performed a whole transcriptome analysis of SweBC

  Clinical Cancer Research Online First Articles

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:36
• A First-in-Human Phase I Study of INVAC-1, an Optimized Human Telomerase DNA Vaccine in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors

  Purpose: Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is highly expressed in >85% of human tumors and is thus considered as a good tumor-associated antigen candidate for vaccine development. We conducted a phase I study to investigate the safety, tolerability, clinical response and immunogenicity of INVAC-1, a DNA plasmid encoding a modified hTERT protein in patients with relapsed or refractory solid tumors. Experimental Design: INVAC-1 was eit

  Clinical Cancer Research Online First Articles

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:36
• Randomized phase II trial and tumor mutational spectrum analysis from cabozantinib versus chemotherapy in metastatic uveal melanoma (Alliance A091201)

  Objectives: The surface receptor MET is highly expressed on primary uveal melanoma (UM); MET inhibitors demonstrated early clinical signals of efficacy in slowing UM growth. The primary objective of our study was to compare the progression-free survival rate at 4 months (PFS4) of patients with UM treated with cabozantinib or chemotherapy. Methods: Patients with metastatic UM and RECIST measurable disease were randomized 2:1 to receive either cabo

  Clinical Cancer Research Online First Articles

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:36
• Alterations in the transcriptional programs of myeloma cells and the microenvironment during extramedullary progression affect proliferation and immune evasion

  Purpose: In multiple myeloma, extramedullary progression is associated with treatment resistance and a high mortality rate. To understand the molecular mechanisms controlling the devastating progression of myeloma, we applied single cell RNA sequencing to myeloma in the bone marrow and myelomatous pleural effusions or ascites. Experimental Design: Bone marrow or extramedullary myeloma samples were collected from 15 patients and subjected to singl

  Clinical Cancer Research Online First Articles

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:36
• T Cell Receptor Stimulation Enhances the Expansion and Function of CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Expressing T Cells

  Purpose: Current protocols for CD19 chimeric antigen receptor expressing T cells (CD19.CAR T cells) require recipients to tolerate pre-infusion cytoreductive chemotherapy, and the presence of sufficient target antigen on normal or malignant B cells. Experimental Design: We investigated whether additional stimulation of CD19.CAR T cells through their native receptors can substitute for cytoreductive chemotherapy, inducing expansion and functional

  Clinical Cancer Research Online First Articles

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:36
• Bevacizumab reduces permeability and concurrent temozolomide delivery in a subset of patients with recurrent glioblastoma

  Purpose: Targeting tumor blood vessels is an attractive therapy in glioblastoma (GBM) but the mechanism of action of these agents and how they modulate delivery of concomitant chemotherapy is not clear in humans. We sought to elucidate how bevacizumab modulates tumor vasculature and the impact those vascular changes have on drug delivery in patients with recurrent GBM. Experimental Design: Temozolomide was labeled with [11C] and serial PET-MRI sc

  Clinical Cancer Research Online First Articles

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:36
• Analysis of Biomarkers and Association With Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Subanalysis of the Sorafenib Phase 3 DECISION Trial

  Introduction: The phase 3 DECISION trial (NCT00984282; EudraCT:2009-012007-25) established sorafenib efficacy in locally recurrent or metastatic, progressive, differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) refractory to radioactive iodine. We conducted a retrospective, exploratory biomarker analysis of patients from DECISION. Methods: Candidate biomarkers (15 baseline plasma proteins, baseline and during-treatment serum thyroglobulin, relevant tumor mutatio

  Clinical Cancer Research Online First Articles

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:36
• A transcriptionally-definable subgroup of triple-negative breast and ovarian cancer samples shows sensitivity to HSP90 inhibition

  Purpose: We hypothesized that integrated analysis of cancer types from different lineages would reveal novel molecularly defined subgroups with unique therapeutic vulnerabilities. Based on the molecular similarities between subgroups of breast and ovarian cancers, we analyzed these cancers as a single cohort to test our hypothesis. Experimental design: Identification of transcriptional subgroups of cancers and drug sensitivity analyses were perfo

  Clinical Cancer Research Online First Articles

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:36
• Clinical Otolaryngology
• Transnasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE) in Elective Laryngopharyngoscopy

  Abstract THRIVE has an expanding use in Ear, Nose & Throat surgery and provides an excellent operating field for laryngeal and subglottic procedures. Using a coordinated team approach, THRIVE can be safely used in the endoscopic assessment of the upper airway in most patients. We present our approach to delivering THRIVE in an elective ENT operating theatre including a figure illustrating the operating theatre layout.

  Clinical Otolaryngology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 11:08
• Journal of Medical Case Reports - Latest Articles
• Ovarian abscess caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi: a case report

  Typhoid fever is a human-specific disease caused by a bacterium, Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi. It is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food or water. It is mostly diagnosed by...

  Journal of Medical Case Reports - Latest Articles

  Tue Sep 24, 2019 17:00
• Cancer
• Internet‐assisted cognitive behavioral intervention for targeted therapy–related fatigue in chronic myeloid leukemia: Results from a pilot randomized trial

  Background Fatigue is a common and disabling side effect of targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The goal of the current study was to conduct a pilot randomized trial of the first cognitive behavioral intervention developed for fatigue due to targeted therapy. Methods Patients with CML treated with a TKI who were reporting moderate to severe fatigue were recruited and ra

  Cancer

  Wed Sep 25, 2019 11:09
• Prostate cancer in young men: An emerging young adult and older adolescent challenge

  Background Recent observations suggest that prostate cancer is an increasing disease among older adolescents and young adults. Methods Incidence, mortality, and survival data were obtained from the US National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Global Burden of Disease database. Results Worldwide, the incidence of prostate cancer has increased in al

  Cancer

  Wed Sep 25, 2019 08:09
• Sleep disturbance and neurocognitive outcomes in older patients with breast cancer: Interaction with genotype

  Background Sleep disturbance and genetic profile are risks for cognitive decline in noncancer populations, yet their role in cancer‐related cognitive problems remains understudied. This study examined whether sleep disturbance was associated with worse neurocognitive outcomes in breast cancer survivors and whether sleep effects on cognition varied by genotype. Methods Newly diagnosed female patients (n = 319) who were 60 years old or older

  Cancer

  Wed Sep 25, 2019 08:08
• Why is prostate cancer incidence rising in young men?

  Cancer

  Wed Sep 25, 2019 08:08
• Long‐term follow‐up of lower dose dasatinib (50 mg daily) as frontline therapy in newly diagnosed chronic‐phase chronic myeloid leukemia

  Background Dasatinib, a potent Bcr‐Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is approved for the treatment of chronic‐phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML‐CP) in the frontline and salvage settings. Notable side effects include pleural effusions and myelosuppression. Dasatinib at 50 mg daily has previously been reported to be active and better tolerated than the approved 100‐mg daily dose. The aim of this study was to update the long‐term follow‐up results o

  Cancer

  Wed Sep 25, 2019 08:05
• Mapping child and adolescent self‐reported symptom data to clinician‐reported adverse event grading to improve pediatric oncology care and research

  Background Clinicians are the standard source for adverse event (AE) reporting in oncology trials, despite the subjective nature of symptomatic AEs. The authors designed a pediatric patient‐reported outcome (PRO) instrument for symptomatic AEs to support the National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) (the Pediatric PRO‐CTCAE). The current study developed a standardized algorithm that maps all possible Pedi

  Cancer

  Wed Sep 25, 2019 08:04
• Current Opinion in Neurobiology
• Neuroscience out of control: control-theoretic perspectives on neural circuit dynamics

  Publication date: October 2019Source: Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Volume 58Author(s): Ta-Chu Kao, Guillaume HennequinA major challenge in systems neuroscience is to understand how the dynamics of neural circuits give rise to behaviour. Analysis of complex dynamical systems is also at the heart of control engineering, where it is central to the design of robust control strategies. Although a rich engineering literature has grown over decades

  Current Opinion in Neurobiology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 03:24
• Neuroradiology
• Application of High-Resolution C-Arm CT Combined with Streak Metal Artifact Removal Technology for the Stent-Assisted Embolization of Intracranial Aneurysms [INTERVENTIONAL]

  BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Metal artifacts from coils and stents limit the level of detail in C-arm CT images of stent attachment and coiling attenuation in the aneurysm neck. We evaluated the utility of high-resolution C-arm CT combined with streak metal artifact removal technology for stent-assisted embolization of intracranial aneurysms.MATERIALS AND METHODS:From October 2017 to July 2018, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University trea

  Neuroradiology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:57
• Impact of Vessel Wall MR Imaging in the Work-Up for Ischemic Stroke [COMMENTARIES]

  Neuroradiology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:57
• Carotid Intraplaque-Hemorrhage Volume and Its Association with Cerebrovascular Events [EXTRACRANIAL VASCULAR]

  BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Our aim was to assess the relationship between volume and percentage of intraplaque hemorrhage measured using CT and the occurrence of cerebrovascular events at the time of CT.MATERIALS AND METHODS:One-hundred-twenty-three consecutive subjects (246 carotid arteries) with a mean age of 69 years who underwent CTA were included in this retrospective study. Plaque volume of components and subcomponents (including intraplaque he

  Neuroradiology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:57
• Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: MR Black-Blood Thrombus Imaging with Enhanced Blood Signal Suppression [ADULT BRAIN]

  BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The residual blood flow artifact is a critical confounder for MR black-blood thrombus imaging of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. This study aimed to conduct a validation of a new MR black-blood thrombus imaging technique with enhanced blood signal suppression.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Twenty-six participants (13 volunteers and 13 patients) underwent conventional imaging methods followed by 2 randomized black-blood thrombus im

  Neuroradiology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:57
• Cerebral Damage after Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: A Longitudinal Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging Study [FUNCTIONAL]

  BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Previous DTI cross-sectional studies have showed the cerebral damage feature was different in the three clinical stages after carbon monoxide poisoning. Diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) is an advanced diffusion imaging model and considered to better provide microstructural contrast in comparison with DTI parameters. The primary aim of this study was to assess microstructural changes in gray and white matter with diffusion

  Neuroradiology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:57
• Comparison of [18F] FDG-PET/MRI and Clinical Findings for Assessment of Suspected Lumbar Facet Joint Pain: A Prospective Study to Characterize Candidate Nonanatomic Imaging Biomarkers and Potential Impact on Management [SPINE]

  BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Prior retrospective studies have suggested that both T2 hyperintensity and gadolinium enhancement on fat-suppressed MR imaging are associated with lumbar facet joint pain, but prospective evaluation of FDG-PET/MR imaging with a standardized protocol and correlation to clinical findings are lacking. The primary aim was to prospectively assess a standardized FDG-PET/MRI protocol in patients with suspected facetogenic low back

  Neuroradiology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:57
• A Multicenter Pilot Study on the Clinical Utility of Computational Modeling for Flow-Diverter Treatment Planning [INTERVENTIONAL]

  BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Selection of the correct flow-diverter size is critical for cerebral aneurysm treatment success, but it remains challenging due to the interplay of device size, anatomy, and deployment. Current convention does not address these challenges well. The goals of this pilot study were to determine whether computational modeling improves flow-diverter sizing over current convention and to validate simulated deployments.MATERIALS A

  Neuroradiology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:57
• Multinodular and Vacuolating Posterior Fossa Lesions of Unknown Significance [ADULT BRAIN]

  SUMMARY:Multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor of the cerebrum is a rare supratentorial brain tumor described for the first time in 2013. Here, we report 11 cases of infratentorial lesions showing similar striking imaging features consisting of a cluster of low T1-weighted imaging and high T2-FLAIR signal intensity nodules, which we referred to as multinodular and vacuolating posterior fossa lesions of unknown significance. No relationship w

  Neuroradiology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:57
• Carotid Artery Tortuosity Is Associated with Connective Tissue Diseases [EXTRACRANIAL VASCULAR]

  BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:There is a general assumption in the cerebrovascular literature that there is an association between carotid artery tortuosity and connective tissues disease; however, this has not been firmly established. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of carotid artery tortuosity in patients with connective tissue diseases relative to matched controls.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Patients with previous CTA or MRA and a

  Neuroradiology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:57
• An Introduction to Kurtosis Fractional Anisotropy [COMMENTARIES]

  Neuroradiology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:57
• Board Certification Characteristics of Practicing Neuroradiologists [PRACTICE PERSPECTIVES]

  BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Insight into the status of neuroradiology subspecialty certification across the United States could help to understand neuroradiologists' perceived value of subspecialty certification as well as guide efforts to optimize pathways for broader voluntary certification participation. Our aim was to assess board certification characteristics of practicing US neuroradiologists.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The American Board of Radiology

  Neuroradiology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:57
• Transforaminal Insertion of a Thermocouple on the Posterior Vertebral Wall Combined with Hydrodissection during Lumbar Spinal Radiofrequency Ablation [INTERVENTIONAL]

  SUMMARY:The purpose of the present article is to describe the technique of transforaminal insertion of an ultrathin thermosensor in the anterior epidural space in 13 patients treated by radiofrequency ablation. The mean time taken to position the thermosensor was 10.6 minutes (range, 5–38 minutes). Technical success was 93% (correct positioning in 13/14 levels). Additional hydrodissection was performed through the same access in 11 cases. No post

  Neuroradiology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 06:57
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• “FlapApp” – contemporary microvascular free flap surveillance

  During microvascular surgery, regular surveillance is of paramount importance for early detection of compromise of the flap. Beside regular clinical control of the transplanted tissue, technical devices can augment the detection of potential vascular problems even before clinical signs become evident.

  Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

  Wed Sep 25, 2019 17:00
• Utility of neck dissection for management of carcinoma of the parotid gland

  To validate the use of neck dissection as part of the management of patients with parotid carcinomas, we retrospectively reviewed pathological and clinical data from the head and neck pathology archive at Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital on all patients who had primary parotid carcinomas resected between 1992 and 2014. The main outcome measure was the incidence of metastatic disease. A total of 54 of the 82 patients identified had neck dissections.

  Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

  Wed Sep 25, 2019 17:00
• Relations between mandible-only advancement surgery, the extent of the posterior airway space, and the position of the hyoid bone in Class II patients: a three-dimensional analysis

  The objective of the present study was to evaluate the relation between mandibular advancement, the three-dimensional extent of the posterior airway space (PAS), and the position of the hyoid bone, using cone-beam computed tomography (CT). Twenty-eight Class II patients (21 women (mean (SD) age 29 (9) years) and seven men (mean (SD) age 23 (6) years)), who had had mandibular-only advancement surgery (Obwegeser-Dal Pont) were included in the study

  Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

  Wed Sep 25, 2019 17:00
• Efficacy of buffered local anaesthetics in head and neck infections

  Lignocaine is one of the most commonly-used agents to anaesthetise an area preoperatively. It can, however, cause undesirable effects such as burning on injection, relatively slow onset, and unreliable, or lack of, numbness when injected into infected tissues as a result of the acidic pH of commercial preparations (the pH is between 3.5 and 7.0 compared with the physiological pH, which is between 7.35 and 7.45). The aim of this comparative study

  Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

  Wed Sep 25, 2019 17:00
• Secondary desmoplastic fibroma-like tissue changes in mandibular fibrous dysplasia: clinicopathological and molecular study of a case

  Fibrous dysplasia may show locally aggressive behaviour reflecting secondary intralesional changes, extension to soft tissue, or malignant transformation. We report the case of a patient with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia who had a giant mandibular lesion consisting of histologically typical, genotypically-confirmed, fibrous dysplasia merged with a fibrotic and hypocellular desmoplastic fibroma-like tissue in which the same Gsα-R201H mutation was

  Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

  Wed Sep 25, 2019 17:00
• International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
• Impact of age on outcomes following endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis

  Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common condition that affects people of all ages and negatively impacts quality of life. The goal of this study was to identify differences in outcomes by age following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for CRS utilizing 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) scores. Methods Data from 1252 adult CRS patients electing to undergo ESS (2007‐2018) were collected retrospectively. The median age of 50

  International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology

  Thu Sep 26, 2019 01:43
• Free mucosal grafts and anterior pedicled flaps to prevent ostium restenosis after endoscopic modified Lothrop (frontal drillout) procedure: a randomized, controlled study

  Background The endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure (EMLP) is used to manage ongoing refractory frontal sinusitis after failed previous endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), but this approach has a significant restenosis rate. We evaluated the potential benefits of mucosal grafts and pedicled flaps on the opening of the newly formed frontal ostium. Methods Fifty patients with refractory frontal sinusitis or mucoceles after ESS were randomized t

  International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology

  Tue Sep 24, 2019 08:00