Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Journal of Neuroscience MethodsAuthor(s): Trevor M. Smith, Dongchul Lee, Kerry Bradley, Stephen B. McMahonAbstractBackgroundUsing in and ex vivo preparations, electrophysiological methods help understand the excitability of biological tissue, particularly neurons, by providing microsecond temporal resolution. However, for in vivo recordings, in the context of extracellular recordings, it is often unclear precisely which type of neuron the...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 14:39
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Journal of Neuroscience MethodsAuthor(s): Kianoush Banaie Boroujeni, Paul Tiesinga, Thilo WomelsdorfAbstractBackgroundMany neurons synchronize their action potentials to the phase of local field potential (LFP) fluctuations in one or more frequency bands. Analyzing this spike-to-LFP synchronization is challenging, however, when neural spikes and LFP are generated in the same local circuit, because the spike’s action potential waveform leak...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 14:39
Publication date: Available online 7 November 2019Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAuthor(s): P.A. Van Damme
Thu Nov 07, 2019 14:34
Publication date: Available online 7 November 2019Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAuthor(s): F. Antonini, A.M. Borba, R.M. Pagnoncelli, M. Han, M.R. Markiewicz, M. MiloroAbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of time, and experience, on the accuracy of maxillary repositioning in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery performed using virtual surgical planning (VSP). Patients who had undergone bimaxillary orthognathic surgery were reviewed. Maxillary...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 14:34
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAuthor(s): K. El Ghoul, C.E. Calabrese, M.J. Koudstaal, C.M. ResnickAbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate feeding impairment following non-operative or operative management of airway obstruction in a large series of infants with Robin sequence (RS) by rate of G-tube placement. A retrospective study was conducted at Boston Children’s Hospital including 225 patients (47.1% female)...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 14:34
Condition: Cutaneous Squamous Cell CarcinomaIntervention: Drug: CemiplimabSponsor: Regeneron PharmaceuticalsNot yet recruiting
Thu Nov 07, 2019 14:28
Conditions: Oncologic Complications; Quality of Life; Nutrition Poor; Head and Neck Cancer; Lung Cancer; Pancreatic CancerInterventions: Drug: Dexamethasone; Drug: Dronabinol; Drug: Mirtazapine; Behavioral: Nutrition InterventionSponsor: Montefiore Medical CenterNot yet recruiting
Thu Nov 07, 2019 14:28
Conditions: Dyslipidemia; Type 2 DiabetesInterventions: Drug: AZD8233 subcutaneous injection; Drug: PlaceboSponsors: AstraZeneca; ParexelNot yet recruiting
Thu Nov 07, 2019 14:28
Conditions: Weight Loss; Metabolism and Nutrition Disorder; ObesityInterventions: Dietary Supplement: VLCD-Active; Other: Maintenance-Active; Dietary Supplement: VLCD-Control; Other: Maintenance-ControlSponsors: University of Copenhagen; US National Cattlemen´s Association; Danish Agriculture and Food CounselRecruiting
Thu Nov 07, 2019 14:28
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Clinical Neurology and NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Hannes Schacht, Jan Küchler, Tobias Boppel, Jan Leppert, Claudia Ditz, Peter Schramm, Alexander NeumannAbstractObjectivesAfter spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (sSAH), cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is a common complication, potentially resulting in infarction mainly responsible for a poor outcome. Intra-arterial vasodilators lead to transient increase of brain perfusion, but only transluminal balloon...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 14:24
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Clinical Neurology and NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Erika Horta, Connie Bongiorno, Mustapha Ezzeddine, Elizabeth C. NeilAbstractThe objective of this manuscript is to identify the neurological side effect profile associated with different classes of antibodies used in cancer pharmacotherapy and to estimate the frequency in which these neurotoxicity occurs. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using OVID MEDLINE and EMBASE databases...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 14:24
A partial dinosaur skeleton from the Sustut Basin of northern British Columbia, Canada, previously described as an indeterminate neornithischian, is here reinterpreted as a leptoceratopsid ceratopsian, Ferrisaurus sustutensis, gen. et. sp. nov. The skeleton includes parts of the pectoral girdles, left forelimb, left hindlimb, and right pes. It can be distinguished from other named leptoceratopsids based on the proportions of the ulna and pedal phalanges. This is the first unique dinosaur species...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
In Oryza sativa, indica and japonica are pivotal subpopulations, and other subpopulations such as aus and aromatic are considered to be derived from indica or japonica. In this regard, Oryza sativa accessions are frequently viewed from the indica/japonica perspective. This study introduces a computational method for indica/japonica classification by applying phenotypic variables to the logistic regression model (LRM). The population used in this study included 413 Oryza sativa accessions, of which...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
The traditional terminology of ‘scythe’ or ‘sickle’ shaped is observed to be flawed as an effective descriptor for pectoral fin shape in pachycormids. The diversity of pachycormid pectoral fin shapes is assessed across the 14 recognised genera that preserve complete pectoral fins, and improved terms are defined to more effectively describe their form, supported by anatomical observation and aspect ratio analysis of individual fins, and corroborated by landmark analysis. Three clear and distinct pectoral...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
Background Zika is of great medical relevance due to its rapid geographical spread in 2015 and 2016 in South America and its serious implications, for example, certain birth defects. Recent epidemics urgently require a better understanding of geographic patterns of the Zika virus transmission risk. This study aims to map the Zika virus transmission risk in South and Central America. We applied the maximum entropy approach, which is common for species distribution modelling, but is now also widely...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different ergonomic supports on the muscle activity of two trunk muscles while a group of dentists performed a common dental procedure on a phantom head, divided into three tasks. Methods A one-way repeated measures study (ANOVA) was conducted on a group of 36 dentists. The middle trapezius and lumbar erector spinae muscles were measured with and without the use of different ergonomic supports (ergonomic stool, magnification...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
Data obtained using three different types of sampling gear is compared and combined to assess the size composition and density of a non-indigenous snow crab population Chionoecetes opilio in the previously free of alien species Kara Sea benthos. The Sigsbee trawl has small mesh and catches even recently settled crabs. The large bottom trawl is able to catch large crabs, but does not retain younger crabs, due to its large mesh. Video sampling allows the observation of larger crabs, although some smaller...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
Background Spatial distribution of zooplankton communities influenced by various environmental factors is always important for understanding pelagic ecosystems. The area of the Drake Passage (Southern Ocean) is of particular interest owing to the high spatial and temporal variability of hydrological parameters affecting marine fauna. This study provides a survey of zooplankton composition and spatial distribution along a transect in the Drake Passage sampled during the 31th Cruise...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
Chronic trace metals effects of mine tailings on estuarine assemblages revealed by environmental DNA
Mine tailing disasters have occurred worldwide and contemporary release of tailings of large proportions raise concerns of the chronic impacts that trace metals may have on the aquatic biodiversity. Environmental metabarcoding (eDNA) offers an as yet poorly explored opportunity for biological monitoring of impacted aquatic ecosystems from mine tailings and contaminated sediments. eDNA has been increasingly recognized to be an effective method to detect previously unrecognized small-sized Metazoan...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
Shifts in the timing of bird migration have been associated with climatic change and species traits. However, climatic change does not affect all species or geographic locations equally. Climate in the Pacific Northwest has shifted during the last century with mean temperatures increasing by 1 °C but little change in total annual precipitation. Few long-term data on migration phenology of birds are available in the Pacific Northwest. We analyzed trends in spring arrival dates from a site in the Oregon...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major subtype of lung cancer with high malignancy and bad prognosis, consisted of lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinomas (LUSC) chiefly. Multiple studies have indicated that competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network centered long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate gene expression and the progression of various cancers. However, the research about lncRNAs-mediated ceRNA network in LUAD is still lacking. Methods ...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
Introduction This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension and to explore the disparities of its risk factors among urban and rural elderly. Method Data of hypertensive patients were collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2015. Stratified sample households were selected from 450 villages or communities of 150 counties from 28 provinces. Multivariable logistic regression...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
Carmine radish produced in Chongqing is famous for containing a natural red pigment (red radish pigment). However, the anthocyanin biosynthesis transcriptome and the expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes in carmine radish have not been fully investigated. Uncovering the mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the ‘Hongxin 1’ carmine radish cultivar has become a dominant research topic in this field. In this study, a local carmine radish cultivar named ‘Hongxin 1’ containing a highly...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
MADS-box genes encode transcription factors that participate in various plant growth and development processes, particularly floral organogenesis. To date, MADS-box genes have been reported in many species, the completion of the sequence of the willow genome provides us with the opportunity to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the willow MADS-box gene family. Here, we identified 60 willow MADS-box genes using bioinformatics-based methods and classified them into 22 M-type (11 Mα, seven Mβ and four...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Clinical ImagingAuthor(s): Kirti Magudia
Thu Nov 07, 2019 14:06
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Journal of Communication DisordersAuthor(s): Alexandra Tessier, Emma Power, Claire CroteauAbstractBackgroundCommunication partner training could be employed to train people working in the community to facilitate interaction with individuals who live with a variety of communication disorders. However, current evidence syntheses are limited to a single disorder (e.g., aphasia) and focus on a variety of familiar and unfamiliar communication partners....
Thu Nov 07, 2019 13:59
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Journal of Communication DisordersAuthor(s): Jean K. Gordon
Thu Nov 07, 2019 13:59
Publication date: November–December 2019Source: Journal of Communication Disorders, Volume 82Author(s):
Thu Nov 07, 2019 13:59
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic SurgeryAuthor(s):
Thu Nov 07, 2019 13:49
Publication date: October 2019Source: Clinical Therapeutics, Volume 41, Issue 10Author(s):
Thu Nov 07, 2019 13:48
Publication date: October 2019Source: Clinical Therapeutics, Volume 41, Issue 10Author(s):
Thu Nov 07, 2019 13:48
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryAuthor(s): Reza Indrakusuma, Hamid Jalalzadeh, Anco C. Vahl, Mark J.W. Koelemay, Ron BalmObjectiveThe aim was to compare peri-operative (30 day and/or in hospital) mortality between women and men in the Netherlands after elective repair of an asymptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).MethodsThis was a retrospective study using data from the Dutch Surgical Aneurysm Audit (DSAA), a mandatory...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 13:48
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryAuthor(s): Georgios K. Nikolopoulos, Anneza I. Yiallourou, Christos Argyriou, Stefanos Bonovas, Georgios S. Georgiadis, Miltos K. LazaridesObjectiveThere is currently uncertainty regarding the ideal treatment to salvage thrombosed or failing synthetic arteriovenous grafts (AVGs) in patients with end stage renal disease. Therefore, a systematic review up to December 2018 and network meta-analysis...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 13:48
Publication date: Available online 7 November 2019Source: American Journal of OtolaryngologyAuthor(s): Shoude Zhang, Mao Jin, Guojin Zhou, Yuejiao ZhangAbstractObjectiveThis study investigated the exact composition and tried to be helpful in explaining the etiologic mechanism of cerumen impaction in the external auditory canal (EAC).MethodsA hundred impacted cerumen samples and 15 normal cerumen samples were collected by manual removal and divided into 2 groups. All samples were examined via microbial...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 13:39
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: American Journal of OtolaryngologyAuthor(s): Nurullah Seyhun, Senem Kurt Dizdar, Alican Çoktur, Merve Ekici Bektaş, Onuralp Albuz, Zeynep Nur Erol, Suat Turgut
Thu Nov 07, 2019 13:39
Insulin resistance is present in most, but not all, obese and elderly patients and even in some young and lean persons. It is a precursor to and accelerant of coexisting conditions such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and probably obesity-associated cancers.…
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
In February 2019, the medical school yearbook page of Virginia Governor Ralph Northam ignited a national controversy. The 1984 document contained an incendiary photograph of two people, one wearing Ku Klux Klan robes, the other in blackface. The image recalled the ugly past of American medical…
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
In the fall of 1997, my medical school roommate lent me her copy of Anne Fadiman’s The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down. I stayed awake for two nights, fascinated and appalled by the misunderstanding between the young Hmong patient’s family and her American physicians. Taking the cautionary…
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
On January 23, 1922, insulin was successfully injected into a 14-year-old boy with severe type 1 diabetes mellitus. Type 1 diabetes had been considered a universally fatal disease, with mortality approaching 100% within months after diagnosis. For their discovery of insulin, Frederick Banting and…
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Behavioural Brain ResearchAuthor(s): Mei-Dan Wei, Yu-Hang Wang, Kun Lu, Bi-Jun Lv, Yan Wang, Wen-Ying ChenAbstractPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic and disabling condition arising after exposure to a severe traumatic event, which affects approximately eight percent of the population. The underlying neurobiology of PTSD, however, has only been partially understood. The exploration of fear memory and its extinction has been...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 12:52
To the Editor: Emicizumab was recently licensed for the prophylactic treatment of hemophilia A in patients in whom antibodies (inhibitors) have not developed against the product they were using to treat or prevent bleeding episodes. Since the licensing of emicizumab in such patients, deaths have…
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationAuthor(s): Risa Nakase-Richardson, Daniel J. Schwartz, Leah Drasher-Phillips, Jessica M. Ketchum, Karel Calero, Marie N. Dahdah, Kimberley R. Monden, Kathleen Bell, Ulysses Magalang, Jeanne Hoffman, John Whyte, Jennifer Bogner, Jamie M. ZeitzerAbstractObjectiveTo determine the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity and comparative effectiveness of traditional sleep apnea screening tools in traumatic...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 12:33
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Clinical NeurophysiologyAuthor(s): J. Bashford, A. Wickham, R. Iniesta, E. Drakakis, M. Boutelle, K. Mills, C. Shaw
Thu Nov 07, 2019 12:27
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Journal of ProteomicsAuthor(s): Christian P. MoritzAbstractThe Western blot technique was first published 40 years ago. Since then, it has been mentioned in the titles, abstracts, and keywords of more than 400,000 PubMed-listed publications. This anniversary represents an opportunity to look back to its origins, to address the question as to whether the technique is outdated and heading toward being replaced, and to point out current improvements....
Thu Nov 07, 2019 12:20
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2019Source: Journal of ProteomicsAuthor(s): Peibo Yuan, Lei He, Dongni Chen, Yunhao Sun, Zhenhuang Ge, Dong Shen, Yongjun LuAbstractTuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and remains a major health problem worldwide. The increasing prevalence of drug-resistant Mtb strains and the extended duration of anti-TB regimens have created an urgent need for new anti-tuberculosis antibiotics with novel targets or inhibitory...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 12:20
New England Journal of Medicine, Ahead of Print.
Wed Nov 06, 2019 12:02
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 381, Issue 19, Page 1793-1795, November 2019.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 381, Issue 19, Page 1831-1842, November 2019.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 381, Issue 19, Page 1878-1879, November 2019.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 381, Issue 19, Page 1854-1860, November 2019.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 381, Issue 19, Page 1881-1882, November 2019.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 381, Issue 19, Page 1879-1881, November 2019.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 381, Issue 19, Page 1876-1878, November 2019.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 381, Issue 19, November 2019.
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Wed Nov 06, 2019 12:00
Abstract This study aims to investigate the levels of SLIT3 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of healthy and periodontal disease subjects, and their correlations to periodontal disease. A total of 45 periodontal patients and 45 periodontally healthy volunteers were enrolled. The clinical parameters, radiographic bone loss and the levels of SLIT3, receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in GCF were measured. The prevalences of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola...
Wed Nov 06, 2019 21:05
Brain abscesses are commonly located in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum; however, solitary thalamic lesions are rare. Recent cases report dental pathology as a common source, potentially compounded by immunocompromise. Here, we report a newly diagnosed diabetic male with poor dentition presenting with evidence of meningitis wherein thalamic abscess was discovered.
Thu Nov 07, 2019 11:05
AbstractBackgroundThe limitations of the currently available anti-breast cancer agents like they exert side effects can be overcome by combining two approaches together i.e. loading of herbal drugs into the nanoparticles.MethodsKeeping in mind the tumor micro environment, double triggered (temperature and pH responsive) polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared and characterized by TEM, DLS and IR. The cytotoxicity of the different part extracts of A. absinthium was evaluated on the breast cancer...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundEMT is a mechanism of metastatic spread and therapy resistance. Agents targeting mesenchymal markers up-regulated during EMT, like N-cad (ADH-1, biflorin, synthetic peptide H-SWTLYTPSGQSK-NH2, mAbs) and Vim (withaferin-A, FiVe1, simvastatin, DNA aptamer NAS-24, mAbs) have shown promising results in preclinical studies. Aim: to evaluate the expression of N-cad and Vim in PCa.MethodsPCa samples from 48 patients were stained immunohistochemically on consequent sections with rabbit...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundAdvanced therapy-refractory cancer diseases have a poor prognosis and constitute a major challenge for adequate treatment strategies. In this analysis, we aimed to show the potential and the likelihood of targeted therapy recommendations in patients with different types of advanced solid tumors for whom no standard treatment was available.MethodsIn this single center, real-world retrospective analysis of our precision medicine platform, we describe the likelihood of targeted therapy...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundThe somatic mutations found through sequencing a whole tumour genome are the aggregate outcome of one or multiple mutational processes. Each of these processes leaves a characteristic imprint, or mutational signature, on the genome. The final mutational profile is determined by the pattern of exposure of each of these mutational processes. Deconstructing the signature composition of a tumour’s mutational profile provides insights into the biological processes that drive it. The...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundAdvanced gynecologic cancers have a poor prognosis and constitute a major challenge for adequate treatment strategies. By analyzing and targeting molecular alterations, precision cancer medicine (PCM) may be a viable option for the treatment of advanced gynecologic cancers.MethodsIn this single center, real-world retrospective analysis of our PCM platform, we describe the molecular profiling of 72 patients diagnosed with different types of metastasized BTC. Tumor samples of the...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundThe necessary condition for the application of precision oncology approach into the routine is a detailed molecular characterization of the tumour. In our study, we explored clinical applicability of both whole exome sequencing (WES) and FoundationOne Heme (F1Heme) panel (Foundation Medicine, Inc., MA, USA) as comprehensive genomic profiling tools in a cohort of 35 children with difficult-to-treat solid tumours.MethodsWES (both somatic and germline) in children with high-risk solid...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundMitochondria have a key role in cell survival, signaling, metabolism, and homeostasis. However, whether their biological properties affected by differentiation status of cells are not well known. This study aimed to compare structural and functional differences of mitochondria between differentiated cancer cells and undifferentiated cancer stem cells.MethodsGlioma stem cells (GSCs) were cultured in stem cell culture conditions to maintain their stem cell properties or serum culture...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundDeclining costs of next-generation sequencing technologies has led to their more widespread use for the identification of targetable mutations. Nonetheless, while multigene panels are being assimilated into clinical practice, the use of whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing (WES and WGS) remains limited, as its added value is unclear in the clinic.MethodsIn our study, we have used the Cancer Genome Interpreter (CGI) to identify the actionable variants that are detected by WGS...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundAlthough p53 pathway was previously explored in human carcinogenesis, the clinical implication of this gene is still unknown. The aim of this paper was to explore the particularities of TP53gene, at molecular and protein level, in gastric cancer.MethodsIn 197 surgical specimens provided from patients with gastric carcinomas, consecutive cases with curative resection, without preoperative therapy, the clinicopathological parameters were correlated with immunohistochemical (IHC) expression...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer (BC) is one of the leading causes of deaths in females worldwide. BC is classified into three distinct groups: hormone receptor positive (ER+/PR+), hormone negative/HER2 positive and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Patients with hormone positive (HR+) and HER2 positive(HER2+) cancers show a better prognosis and survival rate. However, due to a lack of biomarkers TNBC has the worst prognosis and approximately 70% of women with metastatic TNBC die within 5years....
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundmiRNA-143 and miRNA-145 are known as suppressors of tumor cell proliferation and migration, and in triggering of apoptosis. Both miRNAs have been shown to be down-regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC). miRNA-143 and miRNA-145 are encoded from gene cluster on chromosome 5q32 and probably originate from the same primary RNA. The aim of the present study was to determine the possible association of gene variant in promoter region of miRNA-143/145 with risk of CRC in a Bulgarian population...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer (BC) is found approximately at 1 million of new cases annually, and mortality reaches 400 thousand. Acquired resistance to tamoxifen limits adjuvant therapy`s potential to combat BC. Notably, up to 50% of ER+ BC cases fail to respond tamoxifen therapy. Elucidating molecular mechanisms of tamoxifen resistance development and transfer is important to develop novel therapies. New biomarkers indicating tamoxifen resistance are also to be found for proper development of...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundThe success of a cancer therapy in an individual patient can be estimated by calculating the progression-free survival (PFS) ratio. First conceived by Daniel Von Hoff more than two decades ago, it is now increasingly being used in precision oncology trials. Here, the PFS ratio is defined as the PFS under a molecularly guided therapy (PFS2) divided by the PFS under the last systemic therapy before molecular tumour profiling (PFS1). A significant therapy response is usually defined...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients are the least fortunate in terms of prognosis and treatment. Yet, the advent of immunotherapy has opened the gateway for several hopes. The most prominent immuno-oncological strategy is the utilization of the adaptive immune system through immune checkpoint inhibitors. But unfortunately evidence of resistance has shown up in TNBC patients. Consequently, as an alternative approach researchers have thought about employing the innate arm...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundProstate cancers with mutations in genes involved in homologous recombination (HR), most commonly BRCA2, respond favorably to PARP-inhibition and platinum-based chemotherapy. Currently targeted sequencing of key HR genes serves as an indicator of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) in prostate cancer. It is well known, however, that other mechanisms, such as suppression of expression, rare mutations of HR-related genes can also cause HRD.MethodsHRD levels can be estimated...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundAlong with the extension of the FDA approved molecular matched therapies, the evidence is building to support molecular profile-based off-label drug prescription or inclusion in a clinical trial. We report the findings from our real-world comprehensive molecular tumor profiling (CMTP) practice to assess how CMTP extends treatment options within and beyond standards of care.MethodsPts with a confirmed diagnosis of advanced cancers are eligible. DNA was extracted from either archival...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundThe extreme genomic heterogeneity of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is a major barrier to precision medicine approaches. We have developed mutational signature analysis from shallow whole genome sequencing (sWGS) for molecular stratification and therapeutic prediction. PARP inhibitor therapy has significant survival advantage for women with germline BRCA1/2 mutations, but treatments and predictive biomarkers for women without homologous recombination deficiency have...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundDistinctive genomic subtypes (BRAF-mutated [BRAFmut], NRASmut, NF1mut, and triple wild type [wt]) have been identified in melanoma, but little is known about their distribution and association with outcomes outside of clinical trials. By linking longitudinal electronic health records (EHR) and comprehensive genomic profiling we aim to describe characteristics and outcomes among CIT-treated pts in a real-world setting.MethodsMetastatic melanoma pts in the de-identified Flatiron Health...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundMutation profiling of tumours for treatment options is reality in many types of cancer and biomarkers eg. KRAS, EGFR are well established in personalised medicine. Phosphatidyl 3-kinases (PI3K) are a family of lipid kinases involved in many cellular processes, including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, motility, and survival. Mutation of PIK3CA gene has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several cancers, but their prognostic/predictive/therapeutic implications are...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundNeonatal splice variant of Nav1.5 (nNav1.5) is a known tumor-associated antigen (TAA), re-expressed in adult aggressive breast cancer/tumor biopsies positive for lymph node metastasis. Accurate assessment of nNav1.5 protein in breast cancer cells/tissue is important in validating its potential value as a prognostic or predictive marker. Mouse polyclonal antibody (pAb) against nNav1.5 has been obtained. Herein, the ability of the pAb to selectively recognize nNav1.5 protein was evaluated...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer (BCa) affects women’s health worldwide. BCa subtype could be classified by presenting of oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Knowing of BCa subtype would be benefit for chemotherapeutic treatments guidance. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of BCa that lacks of all those receptors and being poor response by currently targeted chemotherapies. The anti-cancer activities of 7-α-hydroxyfrullanolide (GM2)...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundStructural variants in DNA such as translocations are increasingly found as key oncogenic events in tumors, and detection is clinically relevant for therapy choice in many conditions. Despite developments in targeted and whole genome gene sequencing, the robust detection of structural variants remains a challenge, especially in FFPE specimens.MethodsTargeted proximity ligation assays selectively amplify and sequence entire genes based on the crosslinking of physically proximal sequences,...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundExisting survival models do not model uncertainty in personalized (per-patient) prediction of survival, which is useful for treatment planning of cancers. Moreover, their restrictive modeling assumptions limit their accuracy of personalized survival estimation. For example, the Cox proportional hazard (CPH) model assumes a constant effect of each input feature on survival rate over time along with a linear combination of features. The multi-task logistic regression (MTLR) allows...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundYoung age at diagnosis has been considered a poor prognostic factor. However, considering young age itself as an independent poor prognostic factor for all breast cancers is unwarranted. We analyzed the different prognostic effects of age as a prognostic factor according to molecular subtype.MethodsWe retrieved data from 1,410 patients with primary breast cancer at the breast cancer center between 2007 and 2011. We classified each molecular subtype in three age cohorts including...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality worldwide. Despite the emergence of new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of inoperable PDAC, reliable prognostic/predictive biomarkers are lacking. PDAC harbours mutations in the KRAS gene in 80-90% of patients. The aim of the present study is the detection and quantification of RAS mutations in the ctDNA of patients with inoperable PDAC by BEAMing digital polymerase chain reaction...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundHistological changes in the cancer-free lymph nodes (LNs) can add to the risk prediction of developing distant metastasis for LN-positive breast cancer patients. As Whole Slide Images (WSI) demonstrated suitability for detection of LN metastasis with high accuracy based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), we extended the assessments to cancer-free LNs to determine whether early signs of disease progression could be identified.MethodsClinico-pathological data, including level...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundEach tumor has a unique molecular portrait, nevertheless, there are also a number of genetic and epigenetic aberrations that are inherent to the groups of epithelial tumors of different localizations. Our research was aimed at the identification of genes with significantly increased expression (potential oncogenes) in multiple cancer types and determination of mechanisms of their upregulation.MethodsBioinformatics analysis was performed using our CrossHub tool and The Cancer Genome...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundInnate and acquired chemoresistance to anticancer therapies are a well-known phenomenon in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinomas (ESCC). There are presently no viable approaches for real-time monitoring of resistance in ESCC. We used a novel method for chemo-interrogation (CI) by harvesting sufficient number of Circulating-Tumor Associated Cells (C-TACs) which are defined as apoptosis-resistant cells of tumorigenic origin and are positive for Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM)...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundCirculating tumor cells may reflect the genetic events happening in tumor site what is especially advantageous in case of inability to make biopsy and for monitoring of disease progression and / or treatment effectiveness. Decreasing of distinct mRNA expression levels may indicate positive changes in disease course (for example, decreasing aggressiveness, and risk of metastases).Methods30 plasma samples of melanoma patients of 3-4 grades and 30 plasma samples of melanoma patients...
Thu Nov 07, 2019 02:00
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