Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
07:10
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
07:10
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
07:07
Purpose: HER2+ breast cancer patients benefit from trastuzumab-containing regimens with improved survival. Adaptive immunity, including cytotoxic T cell and antibody immunity, is critical to clinical efficacy of trastuzumab. Since helper T cells are central to the activation of these antitumor effectors, we reason that HER2 patients treated with trastuzumab may benefit by administering vaccines that are designed to stimulate helper T cell immunity. Experimental Design: We developed a degenerate...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 16:18
The generation of antibodies following exposure to therapeutic drugs has been widely studied, however in oncology, data in relation to their clinical relevance are limited. Anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) can cause a decrease in the amount of drug available, resulting in some cases in decreased anti-tumour activity and a consequent impact on clinical outcomes. Several immunological factors can influence the development of ADAs, and in addition, the sensitivity of the different testing methods used in...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 16:18
Purpose: Radiation therapy (RT) is frequently used for local control of solid tumors using equal dose per fraction. Recently, single high-dose radiation has been used for ablation of solid tumors. In this report, we provide a novel immunological basis for radiation dose fractionation consisting of a single high-dose RT, followed by post-ablation modulation (PAM) with four daily low-dose fractions (22Gy+0.5Gyx4) to reprogram the tumor microenvironment by diminishing immune suppression, enabling infiltration...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 16:18
We investigated two independent cohorts of patients with advanced solid tumours treated in phase I trials with (i) programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PDL-1 antibodies in monotherapy or combination; and (ii) targeted agents (TAs) in unapproved indications. A RECIST 1.1 (RECIST) -based definition of hyperprogression was developed. The primary endpoint was the assessment of the rate of HPD in patients treated with ICIs or TAs using both criteria (RECIST and TGR) and the impact on overall survival (OS) in...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 16:18
Background & Aims: Despite the well-known prognostic value of the tumor-immune microenvironment (TIME) in colorectal cancers (CRCs), objective and readily applicable methods for quantifying tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) are not yet available. Methods: We established an open-source software-based analytic pipeline for quantifying TILs and the TSR from whole-slide images obtained after CD3 and CD8 immunohistochemical staining. Using a random forest classifier,...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 16:18
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) enables dose escalation to the prostate target volume, with low gastrointestinal or genitourinary toxicity [1–4]. The success of radical prostate radiotherapy depends on accurate delivery of high dose conformal radiotherapy to a defined target volume. Image guided radiotherapy (IGRT) with daily online imaging has the potential to improve prostate localisation, consequently improving treatment accuracy and reducing the required clinical (CTV) to planning (PTV)...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 02:00
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignant diseases worldwide [4]. Simultaneous radiochemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced lung cancer yields better outcome than radiotherapy alone [8]. While this treatment regimen is the standard of care, it is also evoking more side effects [8,13]. One of the frequent side effects is early radiation-induced esophageal toxicity (RIET), which can be a reason for treatment interruptions. Complete avoidance of esophagus irradiation...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 02:00
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been actively tested in clinical trials and have shown improved outcomes in patients with advanced malignances. However, ICI alone have reported the limited efficacy ranged from 15 to 30%, except melanoma [1]. Breast cancer is generally regarded as an immunologically ‘cold’ tumor characterized by a relatively a low number of mutations, less infiltrated immune cells, and immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment [2]. To improve the outcome of ICI, combinational...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 02:00
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has become the standard of care for patients with medically inoperable early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and for those refusing surgical resection and it’s practice is rapidly growing [1].
Fri Nov 22, 2019 02:00
Improved local control attributes to improved overall survival (OS) in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) [1]. Many adjustments of chemo- and radiotherapy (RT) regimens have been explored to increase outcome [1]. One such adjustment is the combination of daily low dose cisplatin with hypofractionated radiotherapy, which has been explored in several EORTC-trials and in a Dutch randomized phase II Raditux-trial (NTR2230) investigating...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 02:00
Abstract Objective Radiotherapy (RT) has an established role in the curative treatment of indolent primary cutaneous B‑cell lymphoma (PCBCL). With the role of low-dose regimens such as 2 × 2 Gy being uncertain, we compared conventional-dose RT to a low-dose approach and investigated outcome and toxicities. Materials and methods We retrospectively reviewed...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 02:00
To evaluate the short-term outcomes in terms of tumor control and toxicity of patients with skull base or cervical spine chordoma and chondrosarcoma treated with intensity-modulated proton or carbon-ion radiat...
Thu Nov 21, 2019 02:00
Despite increasing clinical data suggest that internal mammary node (IMN) irradiation would improve local-regional control and overall survival in breast cancer, its role remains controversial due to increased...
Thu Nov 21, 2019 02:00
Severe complications, such as eye damage and dysfunciton of salivary glands, have been reported after radiotherapy among patients with head and neck cancer. Complications such as visual impairment have also be...
Thu Nov 21, 2019 02:00
The purpose of this study was to compare carbon-ion (C-ion), proton and photon radiotherapy (RT) plans with regard to dose reduction of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract by using a greater omentum spacer (GO spa...
Thu Nov 21, 2019 02:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1849: The Protein Neddylation Inhibitor MLN4924 Suppresses Patient-Derived Glioblastoma Cells via Inhibition of ERK and AKT Signaling Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11121849 Authors: Han Shin Oh Oh Her Nam Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive and lethal brain tumor, with limited treatment options. Abnormal activation of the neddylation pathway is observed in glioblastoma, and the NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) inhibitor, MLN4924, was previously...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 02:00
Publication date: February 2020Source: Cancer Epidemiology, Volume 64Author(s): Mary Nguyen-Nielsen, Henrik Møller, Anne Tjønneland, Michael BorreAbstractPurposeThis study compares the side effects of active surveillance, prostatectomy, radiation with or without adjuvant endocrine therapy, watchful waiting, and palliative therapy on patient-reported outcomes in a nationwide, population-based cohort of Danish men with prostate cancer.MethodsA total of 15,465 participants completed questionnaires over...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 18:19
Publication date: February 2020Source: Cancer Epidemiology, Volume 64Author(s): Heikki Seikkula, Antti Kaipia, Elli Hirvonen, Matti Rantanen, Janne Pitkäniemi, Nea Malila, Peter J. BoströmAbstractIntroduction & objectivesThere are conflicting reports on the association of vasectomy and the risk of prostate cancer (PCa). Our objective was to evaluate the association between vasectomy and PCa from a nationwide cohort in Finland.Materials & methodsSterilization registry of Finland and the Finnish...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 18:19
Publication date: Available online 21 November 2019Source: European Journal of CancerAuthor(s): Trasias Mukama, Mahdi Fallah, Yu Tian, Kristina Sundquist, Jan Sundquist, Hermann Brenner, Elham KharazmiAbstractBackgroundAlthough reproductive history is recognised to affect the risk of breast cancer, current breast cancer screening guidelines do not consider risk differences by this important factor. As there is a need for an earlier screening in women at increased risk of breast cancer, we provided...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 13:57
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1848: The Potential Impact of Connexin 43 Expression on Bcl-2 Protein Level and Taxane Sensitivity in Head and Neck Cancers–In Vitro Studies Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11121848 Authors: Bianka Gurbi Diána Brauswetter Attila Varga Pál Gyulavári Kinga Pénzes József Murányi Veronika Zámbó Ede Birtalan Tibor Krenács David Laurence Becker Miklós Csala István Vályi-Nagy István Peták Kornél Dános The poor prognosis of head and...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 02:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1847: Targeting Angiogenesis by Blocking the ATM–SerRS–VEGFA Pathway for UV-Induced Skin Photodamage and Melanoma Growth Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11121847 Authors: Yadong Song Hongyan Lu Qiong Wang Rong Xiang Retinoic acid (RA) has been widely used to protect skin from photo damage and skin carcinomas caused by solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, yet the mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report that all-trans retinoic acid (tRA) can directly induce...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 02:00
Related ArticlesImpact of nonappendiceal cancer-specific death on overall survival: a competing risk analysis. Future Oncol. 2019 Nov 21;: Authors: Wu J, Man D, Wang K, Li L Abstract Aim: The occurrence of nonappendiceal cancer-specific death (non-ACSD) and its impact on overall survival are unclear. Methods: Patients were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results. Results: Nearly 33.2 and 24.0% patients suffered ACSD and non-ACSD....
Fri Nov 22, 2019 15:46
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1846: Mechanistic Signatures of Human Papillomavirus Insertions in Anal Squamous Cell Carcinomas Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11121846 Authors: Adeline Morel Cindy Neuzillet Maxime Wack Sonia Lameiras Sophie Vacher Marc Deloger Nicolas Servant David Veyer Hélène Péré Odette Mariani Sylvain Baulande Roman Rouzier Maud Kamal Elsy El Alam Emmanuelle Jeannot Alain Nicolas Ivan Bièche Wulfran Cacheux The role of human...
Fri Nov 22, 2019 02:00
The following discrepancies and errors were found in the original publication:
Fri Nov 22, 2019 02:00
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs), especially mesenchymal CTCs, are important determinants of metastasis, which leads to most recurrence and mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, little is known ...
Thu Nov 21, 2019 02:00
Alteration of signalling pathways regulating cell cycle progression is a common feature of cancer cells. Several drugs targeting distinct phases of the cell cycle have been developed but the inability of many ...
Thu Nov 21, 2019 02:00
Adhesion molecules distributed on the cell-surface depends upon their dynamic trafficking that plays an important role during cancer progression. ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) is a master regulator of membr...
Thu Nov 21, 2019 02:00
Background After the completion of therapy, patients with localized rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) are subjected to intensive radiological tumor surveillance. However, the clinical benefit of this surveillance is unclear. This study retrospectively analyzed the value of off‐therapy surveillance by comparing the survival of patients in whom relapse was detected by routine imaging (the imaging group) and patients in whom relapse was first suspected by symptoms (the symptom group). Methods This study...
Thu Nov 21, 2019 16:25
Background Increasingly, patients with breast cancer undergo bilateral mastectomy (BLM). To the authors' knowledge, the magnitude of benefit is unknown. Methods The authors used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program regarding all women diagnosed with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage 0 to stage III unilateral breast cancer in California from 1998 through 2015 and treated with BLM versus breast‐conserving therapy including surgery and radiotherapy (BCT)...
Thu Nov 21, 2019 16:25
Background The purpose of this study was to determine whether new systemic therapy regimens have resulted in improved survival and increased time on first‐ and second‐line hormonal treatment for patients with hormone receptor (HR)–positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) over time. Methods Patients diagnosed with HR‐positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–negative MBC were identified across 3 time cohorts (2003‐2005, 2007‐2009, and 2011‐2013). Data were prospectively collected....
Thu Nov 21, 2019 16:24
Insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) and testosterone may be related to prostate cancer risk. Acromegaly is associated with clinically high IGF‐I concentrations. Klinefelter's syndrome, testicular hypofunction and hypopituitarism are associated with clinically low testosterone concentrations. We aimed to investigate whether diagnosis with these conditions was associated with subsequent prostate cancer diagnosis and mortality. We used linked English national Hospital Episode Statistics and mortality...
Thu Nov 21, 2019 21:52
Genetically engineered Salmonella Typhimurium are potent vectors for prophylactic and therapeutic measures against pathogens as well as cancer. This is based on the potent adjuvanticity that supports strong immune responses. The physiology of Salmonella is well understood. It simplifies engineering of both enhanced immune‐stimulatory properties as well as safety features, thus, resulting in an appropriate balance between attenuation and efficacy for clinical applications. A major virulence factor...
Thu Nov 21, 2019 21:49
Lysine‐specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), a histone lysine demethylase with main specificity for H3K4me2, has been shown to be overexpressed in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) tumor samples. However, its role in RMS biology is not yet well understood. Here, we identified a new role of LSD1 in regulating adhesion of RMS cells. Genetic knockdown of LSD1 profoundly suppressed clonogenic growth in a panel of RMS cell lines, whereas LSD1 proved to be largely dispensable for regulating cell death and short‐term survival....
Thu Nov 21, 2019 21:45
Obesity, often assessed at one point in time, is an established risk factor of several types of cancer, however, associations with cumulative exposure to obesity across the life course are not well understood. We investigated the relationship between combined measures of duration and intensity of premenopausal overweight and obesity and the incidence of postmenopausal breast, endometrial, and colorectal cancers in Icelandic women. Body Mass Index (BMI) trajectories between ages 20 and 50 of 88,809...
Thu Nov 21, 2019 21:38
Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:
Δημοσίευση σχολίου