Abstract Background Myeloid cells, especially mononuclear phagocytes, which include monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DC), play vital roles in innate immunity, and in the initiation and maintenance of adaptive immunity. While T cell-associated activation pathways and cytokines have been identified and evaluated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients (Neurath, Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 14:269–78, 1989), the role...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Background While the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) is routinely used in Canada and some other countries to prevent pneumococcal infection in adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD), patients develop a suboptimal antibody response to PPV23 due to their immune dysfunction. The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) has superior immunogenicity in some categories of immunocompromised adults;...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Background Solid-pseudo papillary neoplasms of pancreas (SPNP) are rare in men and are often misdiagnosed. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and multi-slice computer tomography (MSCT) features of patients with SPNP, and examine the differences between males and females. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, the clinical...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Background Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontitis and tooth loss. Smoking cessation has a positive impact in periodontal treatment. However, so far, no systematic review has evaluated the effect of smoking cessation on tooth loss. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate if smoking cessation reduces the risk of tooth loss. Methods ...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Background To develop an Italian version of the Craniofacial Pain Disability Inventory (CFPDI-I) and investigate its psychometric abilities in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Methods The CFPDI was translated following international standards. The psychometric analyses included reliability by internal consistency (Cronbach’s...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Racial/ethnic disparities in cancer outcomes have been well documented. Access to Pap testing may account for some of the variation in the racial and socioeconomic differences in cervical cancer outcomes. Literature exploring perceived access to care as it relates to women of color and low-income women is lacking. The goal of the study was to evaluate and characterize the relationship between what respondents believe about access to free/low-cost screening facilities and...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Human asthma is a complex and heterogeneous disorder characterized by chronic inflammation, bronchospasm and airway remodeling. The latter is a major determinant of the structure-function relationship of the respiratory system and likely contributes to the progressive and accelerated decline in lung function observed in patients over time. Corticosteroids are the cornerstone of asthma treatment. While their action on inflammation and lung function is well characterized,...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). At disease onset, a diagnosis is often difficult. VGF peptides are abundant in the SN and peripheral circulation; hence, we investigate whether their plasma profile may reflect the brain dopamine reduction. Using antibodies against the VGF C-terminal portion, we analyzed the rat brain and human plasma, with immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Rats were...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract The human endolymphatic sac (ES) is believed to regulate inner ear fluid homeostasis and to be associated with Meniere’s disease (MD). We analyzed the ion transport protein sodium/potassium-ATPase (Na/K-ATPase) and its isoforms in the human ES using super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM). Human vestibular aqueducts were collected during trans-labyrinthine vestibular schwannoma surgery after obtaining ethical permission. Antibodies against various...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract In the molecular biological and ultrastructural studies of the peritubular wall cells encasing the seminiferous tubules of mammalian testes, we found it necessary to characterize the outermost cell layer bordering on the interstitial space in detail. For half a century, the extremely thin cells of this monolayer have in the literature been regarded as part of a lymphatic endothelium, in particular in rodents. However, our double-label immunofluorescence microscopical results...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Background Among the many consequences of loss of CFTR protein function, a significant reduction of the secretion of bicarbonate (HCO3−) in cystic fibrosis (CF) is a major pathogenic feature. Loss of HCO3− leads to abnormally low pH and impaired mucus clearance in airways and other exocrine organs, which suggests that NaHCO3 inhalation may be a low-cost, easily accessible therapy for CF. ...
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Abstract Background The pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis involves an autoimmune and a neurodegenerative mechanism. Central nervous system-infiltrating immune cells in multiple sclerosis also possess a neuroprotective activity through secretion of neurotrophins, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Fingolimod was shown to slow the progression of disability and loss of brain volume. ...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose of Review In this review, we discuss the essential iPACK (Infiltration between the Popliteal Artery and Capsule of the Knee) anatomy, block technique as well as potential complications, contraindications, and relevant literature evaluating the efficacy of the iPACK block. Recent Findings Recent literature supports the efficacy of the iPACK...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose of review Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a form of noninvasive brain stimulation that is used for the treatment of migraine and major depression in adults and is now being evaluated for use in other disorders. The purpose of this review is to summarize the physiology underlying TMS, the safety and tolerability in pediatric patients, and the evidence for TMS efficacy in the treatment of pediatric...
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Zusammenfassung Die Rückenlage ist nach wie vor die am häufigsten praktizierte Form der intraoperativen Positionierung von Patienten. Positionierungsformen, abweichend von der Rückenlage, führen zu ausgeprägten physiologischen Veränderungen, die den Narkose- und Operationsablauf beeinflussen. Die Homöostase des Patienten wird beeinflusst durch Volumenverschiebungen in die (dann) abhängigen Körperpartien (aufrechtsitzende Positionen, aber auch Trendelenburg-Positionierung [TBP])...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Zusammenfassung Migration gilt als Einflussfaktor auf das psychische Gesundheitserleben und ist heute in Zeiten großer Migrationsbewegungen ein stetig relevanteres Thema der Psychiatrie. Auffällig ist jedoch, dass nur wenige Untersuchungen zu frauenspezifischen psychischen Leiden und Migration existieren. Obwohl das unterschätzte Frauenleiden der postpartalen Depression bei Frauen mit Migrationshintergrund in der klinischen Praxis regelmäßig auftritt, fehlen in Deutschland und...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Zusammenfassung Das maligne Melanom ist ein aggressiver Hauttumor, der aus melanozytären Zellen hervorgeht und mit invasivem Wachstum und frühzeitiger Metastasierung assoziiert ist. Neben endogenen Risikofaktoren wie hellem Hauttyp oder genetischer Disposition zur Ausbildung multipler Nävi ist als exogener Risikofaktor v. a. die Exposition gegen ultraviolettes Licht bedeutsam. Die Primärtherapie umfasst die vollständige Exzision des Primarius mit leitliniengerechtem Sicherheitsabstand...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Zusammenfassung Von der primären oder idiopathischen „frozen shoulder“ (Schultersteife) lässt sich die sekundäre Form nach einem Trauma oder einer Operation an der Schulter unterscheiden. Ursachen dieser sekundären Formen sind vielfältig; sie werden in intra- und extraartikuläre Faktoren unterteilt. Mikro- und Makrotraumata können auf unterschiedliche Weise eine entsprechende Schultersteife provozieren. Erstere ähneln von Erscheinungsbild und Verlauf der primären Form, da oft kein...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Introduction Macrolides are widely used during pregnancy; however, their fetal safety remains uncertain. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the relation between prenatal exposure to macrolides and occurrence of congenital malformations. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and other databases until June 12, 2019. We assessed the quality of the...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Topical trifarotene (Aklief®) is a first-in-class, fourth-generation retinoid [selective retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-γ agonist] being developed by Galderma Research and Development LLC for the treatment of acne vulgaris. In October 2019 trifarotene received its first global approval in the USA for the topical treatment of acne vulgaris in patients 9 years of age and older. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of trifarotene leading to its first global...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Abstract Purpose The aim of this national survey is to assess the current practice of functional septorhinoplasty (SRP) surgery in the UK and better inform future practice. Methods An ENT-UK approved questionnaire was sent out to all 135 consultant members of the British Society of Facial Plastic Surgery (BSFPS). Data was collected on numbers of functional...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose This study aimed to evaluate hearing results in patients with type 3 tympanoplasty using autologous cartilage grafts. Methods The study included patients treated with “stapes stabilizing cartilage graft” (SSCG) and Plastipore partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PPORP) for hearing reconstruction. Hearing results and complications were...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose A randomized phase III trial demonstrated that gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GP) prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival compared with fluorouracil plus cisplatin (FP) as first-line chemotherapy in patients with metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The cost-effectiveness analysis was designed to identify the economic option for metastatic NPC from a Chinese societal perspective. ...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
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Abstract Risk factors predicting intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) were assessed according to the duration of illness prior to treatment. Of 555 KD patients included between 2008 and 2014, 362 were IVIG responders (65.2%) and 193 were IVIG non-responders (34.8%). The risk of IVIG resistance was inversely correlated with the duration of illness prior to treatment. Neutrophil dominance (≥ 80%) was significantly higher in IVIG non-responders...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Fungi are considered model organisms for the analysis of important phenomena of eukaryotes. For example, some of them have been described as models to understand the phenomenon of multicellularity acquisition by different unicellular organisms phylogenetically distant. Interestingly, in this work, we describe the multicellular development in the model fungus S. reilianum. We observed that Sporisorium reilianum, a Basidiomycota cereal pathogen that at neutral pH grows with...
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Abstract In forensic practice, autopsies are regularly carried out in cases of suspected medical malpractice to determine whether a treatment resulted in death. Intraoperative deaths, as well as deaths shortly after an operation, can be particularly suspicious as iatrogenic. We report a case of a 75-year-old woman with a complaint of intermittent angina pectoris who underwent cardiac catheterization. Intra-interventionally, coronary artery dissection occurred and was stabilized...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Zusammenfassung Die Kehlkopfentfernung (Laryngektomie) bietet für Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen Larynx- und Hypopharynxkarzinomen ohne Fernmetastasen einen kurativen Ansatz. Insbesondere bei Vorliegen eines cT4a-Karzinoms ist die Laryngektomie der primären Radio(chemo)therapie prognostisch (retrospektiv) überlegen. Weitere wichtige Indikationen für eine Laryngektomie stellen eine tumorbedingte Larynxdysfunktion wie Schluckunfähigkeit bzw. Aspirationsneigung und ein Rezidiv nach...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die Tonsillektomie zählt zu den häufigen Eingriffen in Deutschland, deren Anzahl durch demografische Veränderungen, das Aufkommen der Tonsillotomie und der Leitlinie zur Tonsillitistherapie beeinflusst sein könnte. Ziel Die Zahl der jährlich in den Bundesländern ausgeführten Tonsillektomien, Adenotonsillektomien und Tonsillotomien...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Zusammenfassung Der Artikel geht zunächst auf die Rahmenbedingungen ein, die für die Durchführung der Facharztprüfung in den Weiterbildungsordnungen der Landesärztekammern festgelegt sind. Es werden konkrete Vorschläge unterbreitet, wie sich der Weiterbildungsassistent bei der Auswahl der von ihm zu bearbeitenden Fachliteratur und der Zeiteinteilung des von ihm zu bewältigenden Lernstoffs verhalten kann. Zur Ausgestaltung günstiger Umgebungsbedingungen in den letzten Stunden vor...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the hypoxic tumor microenvironment can drive enhance tumor malignancy and recurrence. The microRNA (miRNA) miR-196-5p has been shown to modulate the progression of several cancer types, but its roles in HCC remain uncertain. In the present report we observed significant miR-196-5p downregulation in HCC tissues and cells, and we found that the expression of this miRNA significantly impaired the proliferation and metastatic potential of...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract In this article, I address the question of violence with respect to the phenomenological difference between the transcendental and the empirical field. In the first part, I phenomenologically address the notion of violence, developing a concept required for an account of the phenomenon of violence. Thus, I correlate it with the notion of vulnerability, arguing that violence cannot be understood irrespective of vulnerability. However, a proper phenomenological account has...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract The IPD-MHC Database represents the official repository for non-human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) sequences, overseen and supported by the Comparative MHC Nomenclature Committee, providing access to curated MHC data and associated analysis tools. IPD-MHC gathers allelic MHC class I and class II sequences from classical and non-classical MHC loci from various non-human animals including pets, farmed and experimental model animals. So far, Atlantic salmon and...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract The association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) pathogenesis and immune-mediated tissue damage and insulin resistance suggests that T2D patients might benefit from the suppression of pathogenic inflammation. Foxp3+ Treg cells are crucial suppressors of inflammation, but the differentiation of Foxp3+ Treg cells is not static and is subject to conversion into IL-17-producing Th17-like cells upon receiving external signals. In this study, we examined the production of IL-17...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Early detection of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) is vital for adequate prevention and management of PID infectious complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a model combining physician education and public awareness with the infrastructure to diagnose PID to improve its early detection in children. Three approaches were combined and the results were followed from February 2017 to February 2019 in Ternopil region, Ukraine: the education...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract The potential anti-cariogenic effect of blue light was evaluated using an oral biofilm model. Two species, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis, were cultivated ex vivo on bovine enamel blocks for 24 h, either separately or mixed together, then exposed to blue light (wavelengths 400–500 nm) using 112 J/cm2. Twenty four or 48 h after exposure to light the biofilm structure and biomass were characterized and quantified using SEM and qPCR, respectively. Bacterial...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract We show that the solution set of a strictly convex combination of equilibrium problems is not necessarily contained in the corresponding intersection of solution sets of equilibrium problems even if the bifunctions defining the equilibrium problems are continuous and monotone. As a consequence, we show that some results given in some recent papers are not always true. Therefore different numerical methods for computing common solutions of families of equilibrium problems...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Cancer classification is one of the crucial tasks in medical field. The gene expression of cells helps in identifying the cancer. The high dimensionality of gene expression data hinders the classification performance of any machine learning models. Therefore, we propose, in this paper a methodology to classify cancer using gene expression data. We employ a bio-inspired algorithm called binary bat algorithm for feature selection and extreme learning machine for classification...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Zusammenfassung Hintergrund des Beitrags sind die bioethischen Debatten der letzten Jahre, in denen Fragen von Art und Umfang des vorgeburtlichen Schutzes menschlicher Würde kontrovers diskutiert wurden. Ziel des Beitrags ist die Konturierung des spezifisch theologisch-ethischen Verständnisses von Menschenwürde und ihrer grundgesetzlich festgeschriebenen Unantastbarkeit im Rahmen einer katholischen Bioethik vor dem Hintergrund utilitaristischer Ansätze der Begründung und Relativierung...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Zusammenfassung Wir berichten über die Erfahrungen unseres PID-Zentrums bei der Präimplantationsdiagnostik (PID) für 149 Familien mit hohem Risiko für eine monogene Erkrankung bei den Nachkommen und die Ergebnisse aus 316 PID-Zyklen. Seit 2001 wurden bei uns insgesamt 251 Diagnostikzyklen mittels Polkörperdiagnostik (PKD) durchgeführt. Nach der Zulassung unserer Gruppe als PID-Zentrum im Juni 2015 haben wir inzwischen für 45 Familien insgesamt 65 Trophektoderm-Diagnostikzyklen...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Summary At the 2019 ASCO (American Society of Clinical Oncology) Annual Meeting, several interesting trial results were presented in the field of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. The end-of-study analysis of the pivotal CLEOPATRA trial indicated an overall survival of 57.1 months in patients receiving pertuzumab in addition to trastuzumab and docetaxel in the first-line setting. SOPHIA was the first phase III trial comparing the Fc-engineered antibody margetuximab plus chemotherapy...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Grb2-associated regulator of Erk/MAPK (GAREM), is an adaptor protein related to the several cell growth factor receptor-signaling. The GAREM family has two subtypes, GAREM1 and GAREM2, both encoded in the human and mouse genome. Recent genome-wide research identified GAREM2 as a candidate of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we use knockout (KO) mice to show the role of GAREM2, that is highly expressed in the brain. According to the comprehensive behavioral battery,...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Background Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor. Hepatic metastasis is the major and direct death-related reason in UM patients. Given that cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are roots of metastasis, targeting CSCs may be a promising strategy to overcome hepatic metastasis in UM. Salinomycin, which has been identified as a selective inhibitor of CSCs in multiple types of cancer, may be an attractive...
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Circ-HuR suppresses HuR expression and gastric cancer progression by inhibiting CNBP transactivation
Abstract Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a subclass of non-coding RNAs, play essential roles in tumorigenesis and aggressiveness. Our previous study has identified that circAGO2 drives gastric cancer progression through activating human antigen R (HuR), a protein stabilizing AU-rich element-containing mRNAs. However, the functions and underlying mechanisms of circRNAs derived from HuR in gastric cancer progression remain elusive....
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Abstract Baker (2015) suggests that the dependent theory of case (Marantz 1991, a.o.) is a formulation of the intuition that morphological case functions to differentiate nominals. This paper presents novel evidence for this idea from the agreement system of Yimas. Departing from previous characterizations of the language, this paper argues that the Yimas agreement morphemes are actually doubled pronominal clitics, and that they exhibit paradigmatic alternations that parallel the...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Stem cells have been long looked at as possible therapeutic vehicles in regenerative medicine largely due to their multi-lineage differentiation potential and paracrine actions. Therefore, development of new procedures for the differentiation of stem cells into different cell types holds great potential for opening new opportunities in regenerative medicine. In addition to various methods for inducing stem cell differentiation, the utilization of nanomaterials for differentiation...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract The aim of the present study was to examine the neuroprotective potential of pioglitazone via activation of Nrf2/ARE-dependent HO-1 signaling pathway in chronic neuroinflammation and progressive neurodegeneration mouse model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After assessing spatial memory, anxiety and motor-coordination, TH+ neurons in substantia nigra (SN) were counted. The oxidative stress marker carbonyl protein levels and HO-1 enzyme activity were also evaluated....
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Time-consuming reconstruction of volumetric data by area-detector-computed tomography (ADCT) scanning and narrow coverage of small-row ADCT may hinder volumetric scanning in acute stroke stage. To design a practical protocol of volumetric scanning for thrombectomy using an 80-row ADCT. An imaging protocol that focuses on the middle cerebral arteries by tilting the gantry of an 80-row ADCT with 0.5-mm-thick detectors can shorten the reconstruction time by 1.0-mm thickness...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose To compare the association of different measures of intracranial thrombus permeability on non-contrast computerized tomography (NCCT) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) with recanalization with or without intravenous alteplase. Methods Patients with anterior circulation occlusion from the INTERRSeCT study were included. Thrombus permeability...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose Myxoma-related intracranial diseases were rarely documented in history. The main purpose of our study is to provide a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of the pathogenesis, imaging features, surgical procedures and pathology of such patients through long-term follow-up. Methods From March 2012 to July 2018, baseline information...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase (HL) deficiency is a neurometabolic disorder characterized by predominant accumulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid (HMG) in tissues and biological fluids. Patients often present in the first year of life with metabolic acidosis, non-ketotic hypoglycemia, hypotonia, lethargy, and coma. Since neurological symptoms may be triggered or worsened during episodes of metabolic decompensation, which are characterized by high urinary excretion...
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Abstract Purpose The treatment efficiency of 90Y and providing reliable estimates of activity are evaluated by SPECT imaging of bremsstrahlung radiation released during beta therapy. In this technique, the resulting spectrum from 90Y is very complex and continuous, which creates difficulties on the imaging protocol. Moreover, collimator geometry has an impressive effect on the spatial resolution, system sensitivity, image contrast, and...
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Abstract Annually, the incidence of brain tumors has slightly increased and also the patient prognosis is still disappointing, especially for high-grade neoplasms. So, researchers seek methods to improve therapeutic index as a critical aim of treatment. One of these new challenging methods is radioimmunotherapy (RIT) that involves recruiting a coupling of radionuclide component with monoclonal antibody (mAb) which are targeted against cell surface tumor–related antigens or antigens...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose Sublingual hematoma is a rare complication seen in bleeding disorders, trauma, dental procedures, and the use of anticoagulants. Only a few publications have described idiopathic spontaneous sublingual hematoma, and all of them suspected severe hypertension as etiology. Our objective is to present a case of idiopathic spontaneous sublingual hematoma in a 48-year-old patient without any medical history of hypertension and...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose This study was to assess the efficiency of using a combination of one microplate and one miniplate for management of patients with parasymphyseal mandibular fractures versus two miniplates through measurement of the biting force. Patients and methods The study sample consisted of sixteen patients with an isolated mandibular fracture and randomly...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Lung cancer is currently a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Despite the increasing evidences of variants that were associated with lung cancer risk, investigations of genetic factors and their roles in genetic susceptibility to lung cancer were limited. Here we systematically investigated the spectrum of pathogenic germline mutations in Chinese population with lung cancer. Genomic profiling of DNA was performed through next-generation sequencing...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Background Human breast milk (HBM), which contains an abundant supply of exosomes, is known to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Preterm infants are commonly given pasteurized donor milk when HBM is unavailable. However, pasteurization can disrupt its components. This study investigates the effects of both raw and pasteurized HBM-derived exosomes on intestinal inflammation. ...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Hochschulen sind ein relevantes Setting der Gesundheitsförderung. Studierende weisen spezifische gesundheitliche Belastungen und Problemlagen auf. Diese betreffen v. a. den Bereich der psychischen Gesundheit. In der Untersuchungsregion Stadt und Landkreis Würzburg existieren drei Hochschulen mit 35.750 Studierenden. Ziel der Arbeit ...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract This commentary reviews the findings and recommendations from the Society for Prevention Research (SPR) Mapping Advances in Prevention Science (MAPS) IV Task Force as detailed in the article by Fagan et al. (Prevention Science, 2019). In addition to highlighting similarities and differences with the prior MAPS II Task Force findings, discussion focuses on four extension recommendations: the importance of attending to equitable implementation as a pathway to evidence-based...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Rationale Studies point out a higher prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in individuals with diabetes mellitus. It is known that glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid (MR) receptors are implicated in fear memory processes and PTSD. However, there is no preclinical studies addressing the involvement of these receptors on abnormal fear memories related to diabetic condition. ...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Background The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the outcomes and toxicity of carbon-ion re-irradiation (CIR) in patients with rare head and neck cancers (HNC). There is a paucity of data regarding treatment approaches in this patient cohort, which we aim to address in this work. Methods Thirty-two (n = 32) consecutive...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Background This retrospective German and Italian multicenter analysis aimed to compare the role of normofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (nFSRT) to CyberKnife-based hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (CK-hFSRT) for skull base meningiomas. Methods Overall, 341 patients across three centers were treated with either nFSRT...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Background and purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of elderly patients (aged ≥75 years) with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM), who were treated with hypofractionated radiotherapy comprising 45 Gy in 15 fractions combined with temozolomide (TMZ) or TMZ and bevacizumab (TMZ/Bev). Materials and methods Between...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Gut microbiota (GM) is a key contributor to host metabolism and physiology. Data generated on comparing diseased and healthy subjects have reported changes in the GM profile between both health states, suggesting certain bacterial composition could be involved in pathogenesis. Moreover, studies reported that reshaping of GM could contribute actively to disease recovery. Interestingly, ketogenic diets (KD) have emerged recently as new economic dietotherapeutic strategy...
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Abstract Engineers and other technical professionals are increasingly challenged by the impacts of globalization. Further, engineering educators, technical managers, and human resources staff have demonstrated great interest in selecting and training engineers who are capable of working competently, professionally, and ethically in global context. However, working across countries and cultures brings considerable challenges to global engineers, including as related to understanding...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract This paper considers possible future legislation that requires the exclusive use of autonomous cars. The author develops and defends a ‘Liberal Argument Against Mandated Autonomous Cars’, which argues that such a law would be incompatible with classical liberalism, provided that the following condition holds: In the event where the car must ‘choose’ between running over a young person or an old person, or both, autonomous cars are programmed to respond by running over...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract One of the objectives in the field of artificial intelligence for some decades has been the development of artificial agents capable of coexisting in harmony with people and other systems. The computing research community has made efforts to design artificial agents capable of doing tasks the way people do, tasks requiring cognitive mechanisms such as planning, decision-making, and learning. The application domains of such software agents are evident nowadays. Humans are...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis is among the most frequent and severe chronic inflammatory diseases. The disease is characterized by ongoing synovial inflammation, which leads to the destruction of cartilage and bone. In RA, the mechanisms of resolution of inflammation, which are normally intact in the joints, are either suppressed or overruled. Little efforts have been undertaken to understand the mechanisms of resolution of arthritis until recently, when several molecular mechanisms...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Samenvatting Ludieke acties en kleurrijke overheidscampagnes moeten nieuwe mensen de zorg in lokken. Maar de uitstroom is immens. Is waardering het sleutelwoord?
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting Joost van Wijmen onderzoekt wat de impact is van een veranderend lichaam. Hij verzamelde littekens en de intieme verhalen die erachter zitten.
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting Jan Harm Zwaveling bepleit een publieke dialoog over de vooren nadelen van kunstmatige intelligentie. “Niet alle data leveren bij elkaar opgeteld automatisch nuttige informatie op voor de patiënt.”
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting “Op de middelbare school moest ik na herhaalde knieblessures stoppen met voetbal. Op mijn zestiende ben ik gaan fietsen, op een racefiets die ik van mijn krantenwijk heb gekocht. Nu fiets ik al 35 jaar elke zondag met een vriendenclubje en elk jaar fietsen we een week in de bergen. Dan gaat het er nog steeds om wie als eerste boven is. Dat win ik allang niet meer elke keer.”
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting Als kind werd Friso van Doesburg uit huis geplaatst. Zijn ervaringen verscherpen zijn visie en neemt hij mee in zijn werk in de Jeugdzorg.
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting Midden in het jachtseizoen is het goed toeven op Landgoed Beukenrode. Binnen in het Jachthuis is het comfortabel warm en huiselijk; buiten wacht de uitdaging op de schietbaan. Wie raakt de meeste kleiduiven? Er zijn zeven vergader- en presentatiezalen, voor groepen van twee tot tachtig personen.
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting Douwe Biesma blikt in zijn recent verschenen boek terug op tien jaar bestuursvoorzitterschap in de zorg. Het prachtige vak is meestal eervol maarsoms ondankbaar. Dan helpt humor, en de drive om continu te verbeteren.
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting ‘Behoud wel productie-afspraken, maar hanteer die zonder direct verband met de eigen inkomsten van een specialist.’
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting Vijf jaar geleden werd Amerika opgeschrikt door een aantal geweldsincidenten: in Ferguson, Missouri, werd Michael Brown, een 19-jarige zwarte man door een politieagent doodgeschoten. Een jaar later pleegde Sandra Bland, een 28-jarige jonge zwarte vrouw, in een politiecel zelfmoord, nadat ze in het verkeer was aangehouden.
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting Een orthopedisch chirurg van Ziekenhuis Gelderse Vallei is immuun voor hepatitis B-vaccinatie. Maar de verplichte controle van zijn bloed gebeurt niet regelmatig. Dan blijkt de orthopeed een infectie heeft doorgemaakt.
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting Bestuursvoorzitter Dirk Jan van den Berg (65) van Sanquin wordt per 1 februari 2020 voorzitter van Zorgverzekeraars Nederland. Brengt hij vaart in de vernieuwing van de zorgsector?
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting Personeelstekorten in de zorg; de media staan er vol mee. In oktober 2019 staat de teller op ruim 38.000 onvervulde vacatures en dit aantal stijgt alleen maar. Creativiteit viert hoogtij bij het binnenhalen van nieuw personeel. Aanbrengbonussen, tekengeld, woonruimte, zelfs minister De Jonge die in een persoonlijke brief mensen die de sector verlieten oproept om terug te keren. De wervingsmachine draait op volle toeren. Maar werven alleen is bij lange na niet genoeg.
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting Met zorgtechnologie is steeds meer mogelijk, ook in de gehandicaptenzorg. Het Innovatielab van ’s Heeren Loo combineert de wil om moderne technologie te verkennen met de beperkingen van het budget.
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting In de zorgsector was de term ‘merk’ lang impopulair door associaties met de commercie. Inmiddels wordt merkdenken echter succesvol omarmd. Zes tips.
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Samenvatting Hij toert graag door de polder op zijn jaren vijftig motoren, waarvan hij elk onderdeel in handen heeft gehad. Want ook sleutelen is zijn passie.
Tue Nov 12, 2019 15:03
Abstract Purpose To establish the efficacy of oral antidepressants compared to placebo in improving obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as measured on a polysomnography study. Secondary outcomes included self-reported sleepiness. Methods Authors identified prospective randomized placebo-controlled studies from MEDLINE through PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Objective To evaluate the performance of clinical criteria (CC) for diagnosis and initiation of empirical treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) compared with the treatment decision based on sleep studies (polysomnography or respiratory polygraphy), guidelines, and experience of participating physicians. ...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Cross-national health research devotes considerable attention to lifespan and survival rate disparities that are found between countries. However, the distribution of mortality across the world is shaped mostly by what happens within countries. We address this striking gap in the literature by modeling length-of-life inequality for individual nation-states. We use life tables from the United Nation’s (2015) World Population Prospects to estimate inequality levels for 200...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Social norms are essential but vary across human societies. With the internationalization of human society, the population’s mobility has greatly increased, which can impact people’s psychological states and behaviors. The current research aimed to examine the hypothesis that residential mobility plays a crucial role in the perception of social norm violations with six studies. Studies 1 and 2 used an association test and experimental manipulation, respectively, and found...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Neuromuscular fatigue (NMF) is usually assessed non-invasively in healthy, athletic or clinical populations with the combination of voluntary and evoked contractions. Although it might appear relatively straightforward to magnetically or electrically stimulate at different levels (cortical/spinal/muscle) and to measure mechanical and electromyographic responses to quantify neuromuscular adjustments due to sustained/repeated muscle contractions, there are drawbacks that...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Introduction In this paper, we studied the effect over time of agomelatine, an antidepressant drug administered in patient with major depressive disorder, through item response theory (IRT), taking into account a strong placebo effect and missing not at random. We also assessed the informativeness of the HAMD-17 scale’s item. Materials and Methods ...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Background In Denmark, exercise therapy in combination with work modification is the first-choice treatment for persons with shoulder complaints and high occupational shoulder exposures. To obtain this treatment they must visit several healthcare providers, which makes usual care fragmented and uncoordinated. Therefore, we developed a new intervention which unifies the expertise that is needed. The main hypotheses are that...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Wetlands provide numerous ecosystem functions such as water purification, nutrient cycling, and wildlife habitat. Avian populations are indicators of wetland health, and understanding their responses to extreme events can aid in targeting restoration efforts following disturbance. Here, we assessed the habitat selection of six coastal wetland bird species (American Bittern, Black-crowned Night Heron, Great Egret, Glossy Ibis, Snowy Egret, Yellow-crowned Night Heron) related...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract Urban and industrial developments were the reason for draining peatlands in the past which caused changes in their ecology. Restoration of the water regime aims to bring back their original functions. This study examines the natural recovery of peatland following re-wetting, blocking the drainage ditches. We used soil microbial activity, physicochemical properties and nematode communities as indicator taxa to describe restoration status five years after management. Data...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Abstract The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill resulted in extensive damage to the northern Gulf of Mexico ecosystem. Resulting fines and penalties have triggered one of the largest ecological restoration efforts in U.S. history. Nearly $20 Billion in funding from oil spill-related claims and settlements will be available in the coming years for environmental restoration and economic recovery. At the same time, climate change is also impacting ecosystem form and function in...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
Zusammenfassung Anhand der Fallgeschichte eines Patienten mit bereits zum Zeitpunkt der Erstdiagnose fortgeschrittenem kolorektalen Karzinom werden viszeralchirurgische Therapieoptionen im palliativen Setting diskutiert, insbesondere unter dem Aspekt, dass Entscheidungen akut und auf Basis begrenzt verfügbarer Informationen bei primär schon hohem chirurgischen Workload in der Dienstsituation zu treffen sind. Nach Durchsicht der Literatur und dem festgestellten Mangel an qualitativ...
Tue Nov 12, 2019 02:00
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