Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) deaths are typically the result of metastatic castration‐resistant PCa (mCRPC). Recently, enzalutamide (Enz), an oral androgen receptor inhibitor, was approved for treating patients with mCRPC. Invariably, all PCa patients eventually develop resistance against Enz. Therefore, novel strategies aimed at overcoming Enz resistance are needed to improve the survival of PCa patients. The role of exosomes in drug resistance has not been fully elucidated in PCa. Therefore,...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 21:00
ABSTRACT Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) is a rare sarcoma subtype characterized by monomorphic epithelioid cells embedded in a densely sclerotic collagenous matrix. The overwhelming majority of tumors arise in soft tissues; however, rare cases have been documented to occur primarily in bone. The hallmarks of soft tissue SEF include MUC4 immunoreactivity and the presence of an EWSR1‐CREB3L1 fusion. Rare cases with alternative fusions have also been reported such as EWSR1‐CREB3L2 and FUS‐CREB3L2...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 16:33
Abstract Drug repositioning is an emerging approach to developing novel cancer treatments. Vorinostat is a histone deacetylase inhibitor approved for cancer treatment, but it could attenuate its anticancer activity by activating the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. The HMG‐CoA reductase inhibitor fluvastatin reportedly activates the mTOR inhibitor AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), and we thought that it would potentiate vorinostat's anticancer activity in renal cancer cells. The...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 21:49
Effective population‐based mammography screening should impact breast cancer (BC) incidence, age and stage specific incidence and BC mortality. We aim to investigate such effects in a time period of ten years after implementation of the German mammography screening program. Data on 323,719 breast cancer patients from 2003 to 2014 for defined regions covering a population of 30 million inhabitants and official mortality data from 1998 to 2016 for almost the whole of Germany were used. We compared...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 17:55
Metastasis is a multistep process, during which circulating tumor cells traffic through diverse anatomical locations. Stable inducible marking of tumor cells in a manner that is tightly spatially and temporally controlled would allow tracking the contribution of cells passing through specific locations to metastatic dissemination. For example, tumor cells enter the lymphatic system and can form metastases in regional lymph nodes, but the relative contribution of tumor cells that traffic through the...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 17:54
Associations between previous joint replacement and B‐cell lymphoid malignancies have been reported, but despite numerous reports, associations with the disease subtypes have received little attention. Using a UK‐based register of haematological malignancies and a matched general population‐based cohort, joint replacements from linked hospital inpatient records were examined. Cases diagnosed 2009‐2015 who were aged 50 years or more were included; 8,013 mature B‐cell neoplasms comprising myeloma (n=1,763),...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 17:48
Infusion of high-dose intravenous methotrexate (MTX) has been demonstrating to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. The aim of this present study was to assess the efficacy and safety of high dose MTX in patient...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 02:00
β-arrestin-2(Arr2) functions as an anti-apoptotic factor and affects cell proliferation, but its downstream molecular pathway in endometrial carcinoma (EC) is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 02:00
The breast cancer microenvironment contributes to tumor progression and response to chemotherapy. Previously, we reported that increased stromal Type X collagen α1 (ColXα1) and low TILs correlated with poor pa...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 02:00
Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK) is the second most common renal tumor in children following Wilms’ tumor. CCSK is extremely rare in adults, with only 25 adult cases reported in the medical literature.
Fri Nov 01, 2019 02:00
Women with ovarian cancer can present with a variety of symptoms and signs, and an increasing range of tests are available for their investigation. A number of international guidelines provide advice for the i...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 02:00
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
Fri Nov 01, 2019 09:00
Treatment with gilteritinib improved survival and increased remission rates, compared with salvage chemotherapy, among patients with relapsed or refractory FLT3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia. (Source: CancerNetwork)
Fri Nov 01, 2019 05:00
Endometrial cancer survival correlates with total number of chemotherapy cycles – but not whether they are started earlier than radiation, according to the results of a new study. (Source: CancerNetwork)
Fri Nov 01, 2019 05:00
A compound called MRTX849 is showing signs of being the first effective inhibitor of the KRAS G12C-mutant subtype of non-small cell lung and colorectal cancers. (Source: CancerNetwork)
Fri Nov 01, 2019 05:00
The probiotics and prebiotics of yogurt and fiber consumption is associated with decreased risk of lung cancer. (Source: CancerNetwork)
Fri Nov 01, 2019 05:00
Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Fri Nov 01, 2019 09:00
Abstract Diseases affecting the immune system such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are pathological conditions affecting the pediatric population and are often associated with alterations in the intestinal microbiota, such as a decrease in bacterial diversity. Growing evidence suggests that gut microbiota can interfere with chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressant drugs, used in the treatment of these diseases, reducing...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 16:21
Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) of the liver and the clinical outcome after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) based on several modifications in our protocols. We retrospectively investigated 372 patients undergoing myeloablative conditioning with oral busulfan and cyclophosphamide before allogeneic HSCT during 1990‐2015. Patients' supportive care was changed in order to reduce the regimen‐related toxicities. Norethisterone...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 16:20
Coxsackievirus B (CVB) is the major cause of human myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is an intracellular sensor to detect pathogen’s dsRNA. TLR3, along with TRAF6, triggers inflammatory response through NF-B signaling pathway. In the cells infected with CVB type 3 (CVB3), the abundance of miR-146a was significantly increased. The role of miR-146a in CVB infection is unclear. In this study, TLR3 and TRAF6 were identified as the targets of miR-146a. The elevated miR-146a...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 19:38
Purpose: This randomized, multicenter, open-label, phase 1b/2 study assessed durvalumab and tremelimumab in combination or as monotherapy for chemotherapy-refractory gastric cancer (GC) or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer. Experimental Design: Second-line patients were randomized 2:2:1 to receive durvalumab plus tremelimumab (arm A), or durvalumab (arm B) or tremelimumab monotherapy (arm C), and third-line patients received durvalumab plus tremelimumab (arm D). A tumor-based interferon-gamma...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 15:50
Purpose: We investigated nilotinib exposure in pediatric patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) or Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) resistant to, relapsed on, refractory to, or intolerant of previous treatment. Experimental Design: Fifteen patients (aged 1 to < 18 years) with CML resistant to or intolerant of imatinib and/or dasatinib (n = 11) or Ph+ ALL relapsed on or refractory to standard therapy (n = 4) enrolled in this phase 1 study. Nilotinib...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 15:50
Over 50% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients develop resistance after a transient response to therapy. Understanding tumor resistance from an evolutionary perspective leads to better predictions of treatment outcomes. The objectives of this study were to develop a computational framework to analyze tumor longitudinal measurements and recapitulate the individual evolutionary dynamics in metastatic CRC (mCRC) patients. A stochastic modeling framework was developed to depict the whole spectrum of tumor...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 15:36
Dissemination is an essential early step in metastasis but its molecular basis remains incompletely understood. To define the essential targetable effectors of this process, we developed a 3D mammary epithelial culture model, in which dissemination is induced by overexpression of the transcription factor Twist1. Transcriptomic analysis and ChIP-PCR together demonstrated that protein kinase D1 (Prkd1) is a direct transcriptional target of Twist1 and is not expressed in the normal mammary epithelium....
Fri Nov 01, 2019 15:36
Cancer Gene Therapy, Published online: 02 November 2019; doi:10.1038/s41417-019-0141-7Liposomal delivery of CRISPR/Cas9
02:00
NOTCH1 gene mutations in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) have been described in about 5–10% of cases and are associated with significantly shorter survival rates. The present study aimed to investigate the biological ...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 02:00
Abstract Background Children with central nervous system (CNS) toxicity during therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) are at risk for treatment modifications, long‐term sequelae and even higher mortality. A better understanding of CNS symptoms and their complications improves the potential to prevent and treat them. Methods Patient files from 649 children treated with Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology ALL92 and ALL2000 protocols in Finland were reviewed retrospectively...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 11:43
A 7 year old boy who has spent most of his life being branded naughty and disruptive has won a settlement of more than £30m (€35m; $39m) after it was discovered that he had sustained a brain injury...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 19:26
As a foster carer who has completed inpatient stays with children and attends multiple medical appointments, the issue of how carers are addressed is extremely important to me.1 Calling me mum not...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 18:11
I always cringe when I hear colleagues calling mothers “mum.”1 Fathers seem to be called “dad” less often in comparison.It seems to have a cultural element, being more commonly said by people from...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 17:11
Nimmo explains why she doesn’t want to be addressed as mum.1Given that we are encouraged to introduce ourselves to patients, and to reinforce that with name badges, perhaps paediatric or other units...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 16:36
A study by UK researchers has highlighted the potential financial advantages of using respiratory inhalers that have less global warming impacts than those commonly in use.Their paper, published in...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 14:56
The US electronic cigarette company Juul has been accused of shipping one million contaminated e-cigarette nicotine pods, in a lawsuit filed by a former employee.Siddharth Breja, who was the...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 13:51
We aimed to clarify the mechanisms of malignant transformation of ameloblastoma or ameloblastic carcinoma carcinogenesis. We found that hypoxia‐induced HIF‐1a and ZEB1 are critical for the malignant transformation of ameloblastoma via TGF‐beta‐dependent EMT. Abstract Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is defined as a rare primary epithelial odontogenic malignant neoplasm and the malignant counterpart of benign epithelial odontogenic tumor of ameloblastoma (AB) by the WHO classification. AC develops pulmonary...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 13:34
Our study demonstrated a novel long noncoding RNA CTC‐297N7.9, which expression was negatively correlated with the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, using bioinformatics analysis method and tissue specimen. CTC‐297N7.9 was proved to have potential to be a prognostic biomarker for HCC. Abstract Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reported to play important roles in tumorigenesis of various malignant tumors. However, the clinical significance of aberrant lncRNA expression...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 13:24
Applying the prognostic signatures constructed by independent alternative splicing events shows promise for predicting the survival of glioblastoma (GBM) patients. A splicing regulatory network might be the potential splicing mechanism in GBM. Abstract Background Increasing evidence has validated the crucial role of alternative splicing (AS) in tumors. However, comprehensive investigations on the entirety of AS and their clinical value in glioblastoma (GBM) are lacking. Methods The AS...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 13:20
The recently developed photoimmunotherapy (PIT) method targets and disrupts cancer cell membranes by combining monoclonal antibody (mAb)‐based targeting with a photosensitizer IR700. By using newly developed humanized anti‐TROP2 mAb conjugated to the IR700 (TROP2‐IR700), both pancreatic cancer and cholangiocarcinoma cells were successfully treated with near‐infrared light both in vitro and in vivo. Given that there is no molecular‐targeted therapy in the standard of care for pancreatic cancer and...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 13:14
FEN1 is overexpressed in HeLa cell and the expression can be upregulated further by IR. FEN1 inhibitor enhances IR sensitivity of cervical cancer, and this enhancement effect was largely due to the impairment of DNA damage repair mechanism resulting from FEN1 inhibition, leading to apoptosis of cancer cells. Abstract Background Cervical cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer‐associated mortality among affected women in the world. At present, treatment with weekly cisplatin plus ionizing...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 16:39
We used a unique resource linking genealogy from the mid 1800s to a statewide cancer registry from the mid 1960s to explore the association of cancers of other sites among Ewings sarcoma patients and their relatives. While this rare cancer was not observed to cluster in close relatives, multiple other cancer sites were observed among patients and their relatives and this data could inform the recommended cancer screening for this population. Abstract Background There are few reports of the association...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 16:37
The objective of this manuscript was to describe the existing practice of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) care as a real‐world benchmark with which to assess the performance of the anticipated new immunotherapies. First‐line chemotherapy was largely platinum‐based, consistent with US guidelines while a variety of regimens were used for second‐ and third‐line chemotherapies, reflecting the lack of an accepted standard of care for these patients. Median survival from the start of each line of chemotherapy...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 10:09
In a cancer population not exposed to tyrosine kinase inhibitors or bevacizumab, cardiovascular outcomes are common, regardless of cancer type. Cardiovascular events occur more frequently in cancer patients with increasing numbers of cardiovascular risk factors. Abstract Background There are limited data on the incidence of cardiovascular disease among cancer patients in the pre‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) era. Such data are important in order to contextualize the incidence of various cardiovascular...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 20:43
COX7A1 could inhibit cell proliferation and colony formation ability, as well as promote cancer cell apoptosis. COX7A1 overexpression blocked the autophagic flux via downregulation of PGC‐1α and upregulation of NOX2. Abstract COX7A1 is a subunit of cytochrome c oxidase, and plays an important role in the super‐assembly that integrates peripherally into multi‐unit heteromeric complexes in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. In recent years, some researchers have identified that COX7A1 is implicated...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 11:36
Exposure of MCF‐7 cells to postoperative serum from patients receiving dexmedetomidine during surgery, but not control saline, had significantly higher proliferation, invasion, and migration than preoperative serum. The mean percentage changes from post to preoperative values in all these cellular malignant properties were also significantly larger in the Dex group compared with the control group. These findings suggest that the utilization of Dex during breast cancer surgery may modulate the patients'...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 11:30
This relatively large‐size retrospective study was conducted to investigate the association between ADAMTS4 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms and the risk and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Both rs538321148 and rs1014509103 polymorphisms were identified to increase HCC risk and change tumor outcome, and they may be potential biomarkers for predicting HCC risk and prognosis. Abstract Previous studies have shown that single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 11:28
This study aimed to find out prognostic factors and put forward a new prognostic model in bilateral primary breast cancer from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database. We demonstrated that the new prediction was as effective as the model of bilateral tumors, however, more simply and convenient. Abstract Objective There is limited information from population‐based cancer registries regarding prognostic features of bilateral primary breast cancer (BPBC). Methods Female patients...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 11:27
Despite the remarkable advances of systemic chemotherapy for multiple liver metastases, the efficacy is still limited and cure of the multiple lesions is difficult. Helical tomotherapy for chemo‐refractory multiple liver metastases was suggested to be a feasible and potentially effective treatment with acceptable adverse events. Abstract Background Despite advances in chemotherapy, curing multiple liver metastases is quite rare. Even when response is obtained, regrowth of the tumors is almost...
Tue Oct 29, 2019 17:49
Related ArticlesSuspected cancer symptoms and blood test results in primary care before a diagnosis of lung cancer: a case-control study. Future Oncol. 2019 Oct 31;: Authors: McDonald L, Carroll R, Harish A, Tanna N, Mehmud F, Alikhan R, Ramagopalan SV Abstract Aim: To compare symptoms and blood test results prior to cancer diagnosis in individuals who developed lung cancer and those who did not. Patients & methods: Nested case-control study, lung...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 21:15
Related ArticlesCigarette smoking promotes cancer-related transformation of oral epithelial cells through activation of Wnt and MAPK pathway. Future Oncol. 2019 Oct 31;: Authors: Sarkar R, Das A, Paul RR, Barui A Abstract Aim: Study aims to investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on cancer-related transformation in oral epithelial cells of smokers through evaluating the alteration in Wnt/β-catenin and MAPK pathways. Materials & methods: Exfoliated...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 21:15
Related ArticlesBifidobacterium spp: the promising Trojan Horse in the era of precision oncology. Future Oncol. 2019 Oct 31;: Authors: Ngo N, Choucair K, Creeden JF, Qaqish H, Bhavsar K, Murphy C, Lian K, Albrethsen MT, Stanbery L, Phinney RC, Brunicardi FC, Dworkin L, Nemunaitis J Abstract Selective delivery of therapeutic agents into solid tumors has been a major challenge impeding the achievement of long-term disease remission and cure. The need to...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 21:15
Abstract Introduction Patients with NF2 who are deaf or have significant hearing loss face numerous and unique challenges which lead to poor quality of life, and thus may benefit from resiliency programs. Methods We performed secondary data analyses on a single blind, randomized controlled trial of an 8 week mind–body resiliency program (the Relaxation Response...
Fri Nov 01, 2019 02:00
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