Πέμπτη 19 Σεπτεμβρίου 2019


Usefulness of Intracranial Pressure and Mean Arterial Pressure for Predicting Neurological Prognosis in Cardiac Arrest Survivors Who Undergo Target Temperature Management
Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management, Ahead of Print.
Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management
Tue Sep 17, 2019 10:00
Tissue changes at implant sites in the anterior maxilla with and without connective tissue grafting: a five‐year prospective study
Abstract Objectives To evaluate the biological and aesthetic outcome of connective tissue grafting around single‐tooth implant replacements in the anterior maxilla after five years. Materials and methods Nineteen patients (mean age: 22) received 33 implants in combination with bone grafts. After healing, 10 implant sites received facial connective tissue grafts harvested from the palate (test group). The remaining 23 implant sites without soft tissue grafts were used as a control group....
Clinical Oral Implants Research
Tue Sep 17, 2019 12:43
DBBM shows no signs of resorption under inflammatory conditions. An experimental study in the mouse calvaria
Abstract Objectives Deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) is not resorbable. However, the behavior of DBBM under inflammatory conditions remains unclear. Aim of the study was to evaluate the resorption of DBBM under local inflammatory conditions in vivo using the calvarial osteolysis model. Methods In thirty adult BALB/c mice, DBBM was implanted into the space between the elevated soft tissue and the calvarial bone. Inflammation was induced either by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) injection...
Clinical Oral Implants Research
Tue Sep 17, 2019 12:44
Excessive occlusal load on chemically modified and moderately rough titanium implants restored with cantilever reconstructions. An experimental study in dogs
Abstract Objective To evaluate the outcomes of excessively loaded implants. Material and Methods In five dogs, all mandibular premolars were extracted. After 3 months, six implants (three SLA® and three SLActive®) were placed (S). After four weeks, implants were restored: one single crown with stable occlusal contacts (SC), one crown and a cantilever unit with excessive occlusal contacts (OL), and a non‐loaded implant (NL). Bleeding‐on‐probing (BoP), attachment level (AL), mucosal margin...
Clinical Oral Implants Research
Tue Sep 17, 2019 12:48
The Attentional-SNARC effect 16 years later: no automatic space–number association (taking into account finger counting style, imagery vividness, and learning style in 174 participants)
Abstract The Attentional-SNARC effect (Att-SNARC) originally described by Fischer et al. (Nat Neurosci 6(6):555, 2003), consists of faster RTs to visual targets in the left side of space when these are preceded by small-magnitude Arabic cues at central fixation and by faster RTs to targets in the right side of space when these are preceded by large-magnitude cues. Verifying the consistency and reliability of this effect is important, because the effect would suggest an inherent...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
Does spatial cognitive style affect how navigational strategy is planned?
Abstract People orient themselves in the environment using three different, hierarchically organized, spatial cognitive styles: landmark, route, and survey. Landmark style is based on a representation encompassing only visual information (terrain features); route style is based on a representation that connects landmarks and routes using an egocentric (body-centred) frame of reference; survey style is based on a global map-like representation that mainly involves an allocentric...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
Forced use of paretic leg induced by constraining the non-paretic leg leads to motor learning in individuals post-stroke
Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine whether applying repetitive constraint forces to the non-paretic leg during walking would induce motor learning of enhanced use of the paretic leg in individuals post-stroke. Sixteen individuals post chronic (> 6 months) stroke were recruited in this study. Each subject was tested in two conditions, i.e., applying a constraint force to the non-paretic leg during treadmill walking and treadmill walking only. For the constraint...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
Alteration of perceived emotion and brain functional connectivity by changing the musical rhythmic pattern
Abstract The arrangement of musical notes and their time intervals, also known as musical rhythm is one of the core elements of music. Nevertheless, the cognitive process and neural mechanism of the human brain that underlay the perception of musical rhythm are poorly understood. In this study, we hypothesized that changes in musical rhythmic patterns alter the emotional content expressed by music and the way it is perceived, that assumably causes specific...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
The contribution of the prefrontal cortex to relevancy-based gating of visual and tactile stimuli
Abstract Patients with lesions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) show increased distractibility and impairments in inhibiting cortical responses to irrelevant stimuli. This study was designed to test the role of the PFC in the early modality-specific modulation of event-related potentials (ERPs) generated during a sensory selection task. The task required participants to make a scaled motor response to the amplitudes of visual and tactile stimuli presented individually or concurrently....
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
The influence of pacer-movement continuity and pattern matching on auditory-motor synchronisation
Abstract People commonly move along with auditory rhythms in the environment. Although the processes underlying such sensorimotor synchronisation have been extensively investigated in the previous research, the properties of auditory rhythms that facilitate the synchronisation remain largely unclear. This study explored the possible benefits of a continuity matching between auditory pacers and the movement produced as well as of a spatial pattern matching that has been previously...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
rTMS combined with motor training changed the inter-hemispheric lateralization
Abstract Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with motor training (rTMS-MT) can be an effective method for enhancing motor function. However, the effects of rTMS-MT on inter-hemispheric lateralization remain unclear. Nineteen healthy volunteers were recruited. The volunteers were randomized to receive 2 weeks of rTMS-MT or MT to improve the motor function of the nondominant hand. Hand dexterity was tested by the Nine-Hole Peg Test. Resting motor threshold (RMT),...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
Dual-mode dopamine increases mediated by 5-HT 1B and 5-HT 2C receptors inhibition, inducing impulsive behavior in trained rats
Abstract Patients with eating disorders exhibit problems with appetitive impulse control. Interactions between dopamine and serotonin (5-HT) neuron in this setting are poorly characterized. Here we examined 5-HT receptor-mediated changes in extracellular dopamine during impulsive appetitive behavior in rats. Rats were trained to perform a cued lever-press (LP) task for a food reward such that they stopped experiencing associated dopamine increases. Trained rats were administered...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
Is the manual following response an attempt to compensate for inferred self-motion?
Abstract If the surrounding of a visual target unexpectedly starts to move during a fast goal-directed hand movement, the hand reflexively moves along with it. This is known as the ‘manual following response’. One explanation for this response is that it is a compensation for inferred self-motion in space. Previous studies have shown that background motion gives rise to both postural responses and deviations in goal-directed hand movements. To evaluate whether compensation for...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
Embodying their own wheelchair modifies extrapersonal space perception in people with spinal cord injury
Abstract Despite the many links between body representation, acting and perceiving the environment, no research has to date explored whether specific tool embodiment in conditions of sensorimotor deprivation influences extrapersonal space perception. We tested 20 spinal cord injured (SCI) individuals to investigate whether specific wheelchair embodiment interacts with extrapersonal space representation. As a measure of wheelchair embodiment, we used a Body View Enhancement Task...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
Material surface properties modulate vection strength
Abstract Realistic appearance and complexity in the visual field are known to affect the strength of vection (visually induced self-motion perception). Although surface properties of materials are, therefore, expected to be visual features that influence vection, to date, the results have been mixed. Here, we used computer graphics to simulate self-motion through rendered 3D tunnels constructed from nine different materials (bark, ceramic, fabric, fur, glass, leather, metal,...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
Two-step actions in infancy—the TWAIN model
Abstract In this paper, we propose a novel model—the TWAIN model—to describe the durations of two-step actions in a reach-to-place task in human infants. Previous research demonstrates that infants and adults plan their actions across multiple steps. They adjust, for instance, the velocity of a reaching action depending on what they intend to do with the object once it is grasped. Despite these findings and irrespective of the larger context in which the action occurs, current...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
Intracerebroventricular administration of histidine reduces kainic acid-induced convulsive seizures in mice
Abstract Kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures and other experimental models of epilepsy have been proven to be instrumental in identifying novel targets that could be responsible for human icto- and epileptogenesis. We have previously shown that the ablation of pharmacoresistant voltage-gated Ca2+ channels with Cav2.3 as central ion-conducting pore (R-type Ca2+ channel) reduces the sensitivity towards KA-induced epilepsy in mice. In vivo, Cav2.3 channels are thought to be under...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
Differential cortical activation during the perception of moving objects along different trajectories
Abstract Detection of 3D object-motion trajectories depends on the integration of two distinct visual cues: translational displacement and looming. Electrophysiological studies have identified distinct neuronal populations, whose activity depends on the precise motion cues present in the stimulus. This distinction, however, has been less clear in humans, and it is confounded by differences in the behavioral task being performed. We analyzed whole-brain fMRI, while subjects performed...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
Lower extremity long-latency reflexes differentiate walking function after stroke
Abstract The neural mechanisms of walking impairment after stroke are not well characterized. Specifically, there is a need for understanding the mechanisms of impaired plantarflexor power generation in late stance. Here, we investigated the association between two neurophysiologic markers, the long-latency reflex (LLR) response and dynamic facilitation of antagonist motor-evoked responses, and walking function. Fourteen individuals with chronic post-stroke hemiparesis and thirteen...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
Grip force preparation for collisions
Abstract Grip force has been studied widely in a variety of interaction and movement tasks, however, not much is known about the timing of the grip force control in preparation for interaction with objects. For example, it is unknown whether and how the temporal preparation for a collision is related to (the prediction of) the impact load. To study this question, we examined the anticipative timing of the grip force in preparation for impact loads. We designed a collision task...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
Exercise, fatigue and proprioception: a retrospective
Abstract This is an account of experiments carried out in my laboratory over more than 20 years, exploring the influence of exercise on human limb position sense. It is known that after intense exercise we are clumsy in the execution of skilled movements. The first question we posed concerned eccentric exercise, where the contracting muscle is forcibly lengthened. Such exercise produces muscle damage, and the damage might extend to the muscle’s proprioceptors, the muscle spindles,...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
An EEG study of detection without localisation in change blindness
Abstract Previous studies of change blindness have suggested a distinction between detection and localisation of changes in a visual scene. Using a simple paradigm with an array of coloured squares, the present study aimed to further investigate differences in event-related potentials (ERPs) between trials in which participants could detect the presence of a colour change but not identify the location of the change (sense trials), versus those where participants could both detect...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
The effect of rate of torque development on motor unit recruitment and firing rates during isometric voluntary trapezoidal contractions
Abstract It is common practice to examine motor unit (MU) activity according to mean firing rate (MFR) and action potential amplitude (MUAPAMP) vs. recruitment threshold (RT) relationships during isometric trapezoidal contractions. However, it is unknown whether the rate of torque development during the linearly increasing torque phase affects the activity of MUs during such contractions. Sixteen healthy males and females performed two isometric trapezoidal muscle actions at...
Experimental Brain Research
Wed Sep 18, 2019 09:06
How the 2018 US Physical Activity Guidelines are a Call to Promote and Better Understand Acute Physical Activity for Cognitive Function Gains
Latest Results for Sports Medicine
Wed Sep 18, 2019 03:00
Telomere Erosion in Sjögren's Syndrome: A Multi‐Tissue Comparative Analysis
Abstract Background Acinar progenitor cells within salivary glands have decreased regenerative capacity and exhibit shorter telomeres in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients. We investigated whether DNA of saliva, PBMCs, and labial salivary gland (LSG) biopsy tissue have shorter telomeres in pSS compared to controls. mRNA expression of genes associated with pSS pathogenesis (ETS1, LEF1, MMP9), telomere DNA damage response (ATM), senescence (CDKN2A), telomerase inhibition (IFN‐y, TGFβ1),...
Oral Pathology & Medicine
Tue Sep 17, 2019 17:53
Rare variants in FANCA induce premature ovarian insufficiency
Abstract Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a major cause of reduced female fertility and affects approximately 1% women under 40 years of age. Recent advances emphasize the genetic heterogeneity of POI. Fanconi anemia (FA) genes, traditionally known for their essential roles in DNA repair and cytogenetic instability, have been demonstrated to be involved in meiosis and germ cell development. Here, we conducted whole-exome sequencing (WES) in 50 Han Chinese female patients...
Human Genetics
Wed Sep 18, 2019 03:00
Akt1 signalling supports acinar proliferation and limits acinar‐to‐ductal metaplasia formation upon induction of acute pancreatitis
Abstract Molecular signalling mediated by the phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase (PI3K)–Akt axis is a key regulator of cellular functions. Importantly, alteration of the PI3K‐–Akt signalling underlies the development of different human diseases, thus prompting the investigation of the pathway as a molecular target for pharmacologic intervention. In this regard, recent studies showed that small molecule inhibitors of PI3K, the upstream regulator of the pathway, reduced the development of inflammation...
The Journal of Pathology
Wed Sep 18, 2019 11:33
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells utilize the notch signaling pathway to induce apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells via NF-κB sensor
Journal Name: Biological ChemistryIssue: Ahead of print
Biological Chemistry.
Wed Sep 18, 2019 11:42
Highlight: Young research groups in Germany – continued
Journal Name: Biological ChemistryIssue: Ahead of print
Biological Chemistry.
Wed Sep 18, 2019 11:42
Chemical characterisation of potential pheromones from the shoulder gland of the Northern yellow-shouldered-bat, Sturnira parvidens (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae)
Bats of the genus Sturnira (Family Phyllostomidae) are characterised by shoulder glands that are more developed in reproductively mature adult males. The glands produce a waxy secretion that accumulates on the fur around the gland, dyeing the fur a dark colour and giving off a pungent odour. These shoulder glands are thought to play a role in their reproductive behaviour. Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, we analysed solvent extracts of fur surrounding the shoulder gland in the northern-shouldered...
PeerJ Computer Science
Wed Sep 18, 2019 03:00
Dynamics of carbon and nitrogen storage in two typical plantation ecosystems of different stand ages on the Loess Plateau of China
In China’s Loess Plateau, afforestation and reforestation are considered the foremost practices for sequestering carbon and conserving soil and water. In order to evaluate the carbon storage changes of tree, soil, and litter, and the soil total nitrogen (STN) in two typical artificial forests in the region, we conducted plot surveys for different ages of both artificial forest types. Soil samples were collected at different depths from 0–100 cm. The results indicated that forest ecosystem carbon...
PeerJ Computer Science
Wed Sep 18, 2019 03:00
Mismatches between the genetic and phenotypic sex in the wild Kou population of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus
Sex determination and sex chromosomes can be very diverse between teleost species. The group of tilapias shows a polymorphism in sex determination not only between closely related species but also between domestic strains within a species. In the Nile tilapia, the major effect genes and therefore the Y chromosome have been located on either linkage group 1 (LG1) or LG23 depending on the strains. In a Japanese strain, the sex determinant of LG23 (the amhY gene) has been identified as a duplicated...
PeerJ Computer Science
Wed Sep 18, 2019 03:00
Measuring body dimensions of leopards (Panthera pardus) from camera trap photographs
Measurement of body dimensions of carnivores usually requires the chemical immobilization of subjects. This process can be dangerous, costly and potentially harmful to the target individuals. Development of an alternative, inexpensive, and non-invasive method therefore warrants attention. The objective of this study was to test whether it is possible to obtain accurate measurements of body dimensions of leopards from camera trap photographs. A total of 10 leopards (Panthera pardus) were captured...
PeerJ Computer Science
Wed Sep 18, 2019 03:00
13C values of glycolytic amino acids as indicators of carbohydrate utilization in carnivorous fish
Background Stable isotope analysis of single amino acids (AA) is usually applied in food web studies for tracing biosynthetic origins of AA carbon backbones and establishing trophic positions of consumers, but the method is also showing promise for characterizing quantity and quality of dietary lipids and carbohydrates. Methods To investigate whether changes in high- and low-digestible carbohydrates affect δ13C values...
PeerJ Computer Science
Wed Sep 18, 2019 03:00
Open ocean nocturnal insect migration in the Brazilian South Atlantic with comments on flight endurance
We observed a nocturnal insect swarm aboard the oceanographic ship Cruzeiro do Sul of the Brazilian Navy, while conducting a survey of the Montague guyot (seamount), 389 km distant from the nearest land in the South Atlantic. The insects came from open sea toward the ship from all directions, attracted by the powerful light of the deck. Most insects collided with the hull and fell into the ocean, but we managed to capture and determine 17 (13 Hemiptera of a single species, three Lepidoptera of three...
PeerJ Computer Science
Wed Sep 18, 2019 03:00
The secret life of deep-sea shrimps: ecological and evolutionary clues from the larval description of Systellaspis debilis (Caridea: Oplophoridae)
Currently there are 21 shrimp species in the northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea which are considered to belong to the superfamily Oplophoroidea, but the larval development is unknown for most of them. The complete larval development of Systellaspis debilis (Milne-Edwards, 1881), here described and illustrated, is the first one to have been successfully reared in the laboratory, consisting of four zoeal and one decapodid stages. The zoeae were found to be fully lecithotrophic, which together...
PeerJ Computer Science
Wed Sep 18, 2019 03:00
Enhancing the selectivity of polar hydrophilic analytes with a low concentration of barium ions in the mobile phase using geopolymers and silica supports
Publication date: 15 January 2020Source: Talanta, Volume 207Author(s): Durga D. Khanal, Nimisha Thakur, M. Farooq Wahab, Daniel W. ArmstrongAbstractCharged analytes such as organic sulfonic acids, sulfates, carboxylates, and phosphates are often analyzed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC). In many cases, these analytes do not show any selectivity and elute near the dead time using the conventional acetonitrile-ammonium acetate buffers. In this work, we introduce a powerful selectivity...
ScienceDirect Publication: Talanta
Wed Sep 18, 2019 12:21
Sodium hexametaphosphate modulated fluorescence responsive biosensor based on self-assembly / disassembly mode of reduced-graphene quantum dots / chitosan system for alkaline phosphatase
Publication date: 15 January 2020Source: Talanta, Volume 207Author(s): Fanping Shi, Jiao Li, Jingjing Sun, Hui Huang, Xingguang Su, Zonghua WangAbstractHerein, a sodium hexametaphosphate ((NaPO3)6) modulated fluorescence responsive probe based on the integration of reduced graphene quantum dots (rGQDs) and chitosan (CS) via self-assembly/disassembly for label-free alkaline phosphatase assay was constructed. The cationic-charged CS can couple with anionic rGQDs and quench their fluorescence intensity...
ScienceDirect Publication: Talanta
Wed Sep 18, 2019 12:21
Long term results of primary radiosurgery for vestibular schwannomas
Abstract Background Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has become a primary option for management for both newly diagnosed vestibular schwannomas (VS), as well as VS that enlarge after initial observation. Methods A retrospective review of our prospectively maintained data base found 871 patients who underwent Gamma knife® SRS as their initial (primary) management...
Neuro-Oncology
Wed Sep 18, 2019 03:00

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