The judgments of healthcare professionals may negatively influence equitable access and recruitment to clinical cancer trials, especially for patient populations marginalized by factors such as geography, poverty, mental health/addiction, immigration status, and language. Systems‐level strategies are needed to address the barriers that constrain ethical recruitment to clinical trials. Abstract Background Perspectives of clinical trial (CT) personnel on accrual to oncology CTs are relatively...
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Our study analyzed the survival and mortality of early‐stage BC, discriminated the difference between cancer and non‐cancer‐related risk factors. This is the first study using Fine and Gray’s competing risk analysis and build a comprehensive nomogram. The established nomogram was well calibrated, and displayed good discrimination. Abstract Background Patients with early‐stage breast cancer (BC) live long but have competing comorbidities. This study aimed to estimate the effect of cancer and...
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CircSMC3 acted as a sponge for miR‐4720‐3p and decreased its expression, and tight junction protein 1 (TJP1) 3′UTR was found to be the target of miR‐4720‐3p, contributing to a circSMC3/miR‐4720‐3p/TJP1 axis. Abstract Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are identified to play an evident role in many human cancers, such as gastric cancer. However, the potential mechanisms underlying the circRNA‐induced pathogenesis in gastric cancers are still elusive. The present study is designed to unfold the mechanism by...
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A comparison of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of CXCL13 between CNS lymphomas and other CNS diseases. The CSF CXCL13 levels of CNS lymphoma were significantly higher than those of the other diseases. The CXCL13 expression levels increased in the CNS lymphoma specimens compared with the other tumor specimens. The multi‐marker prediction algorithms based on CSF CXCL13, IL‐10, sIL‐2R, and β2‐MG had excellent diagnostic performance. Abstract Tumor biopsy is essential for the definitive...
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We first reported a novel biomarker mRNAsi of stem cell index to predict the prognosis of LIHC through network analysis of the expression levels of LIHC. 21 key genes were found played important roles in LIHC stem cells. These genes could be the potential therapeutic targets for inhibiting the stemness of LIHC. Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are characterized by self‐renewal and ‐differential potential as compared to common cancer cells and play an important role in the development and therapeutic...
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Renal impairment (RI) is a common complication of multiple myeloma (MM), and this study aimed to determine the influencing, clinical variables of renal recovery in RI patients treated with novel drugs. Serum erythropoietin (EPO) levels >25 mIU/mL and percentage of urinary albumin ≤25%, were both significantly associated with a shorter time to major renal response. Serum EPO level >25 mIU/mL is an independent positive predictive factor for major renal response and predict renal reversibility...
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Abstract Foreign body granuloma is a potential adverse effect of acupuncture and usually occurs as an inflammatory reaction to foreign bodies that are accidentally or intentionally injected. This case presents a foreign body granuloma caused by honeybee acupuncture at the site of postherpetic neuralgia and highlights the need for caution and awareness of the side effects of acupuncture‐related procedures.
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Summary Pre‐operative anaemia is associated with poor outcomes after elective surgery but its relationship with outcomes after emergency surgery is unclear. We analysed National Emergency Laparotomy Audit data from 1 December 2013 to 30 November 2017, excluding laparotomy for haemorrhage. Anaemia was classified as ‘mild’ 129–110 g.l−1; ‘moderate’ 109–80 g.l−1; or ‘severe’ ≤ 79 g.l−1. The primary outcome was 90‐day mortality. Secondary outcomes were 30‐day mortality, return to theatre and postoperative...
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Summary Healthcare workers are at risk of infection during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) pandemic. International guidance suggests direct droplet transmission is likely and airborne transmission occurs only with aerosol generating procedures. Recommendations determining infection control measures to ensure healthcare worker safety follow these presumptions. Three mechanisms have been described for the production of smaller sized respiratory particles (‘aerosols’)...
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Abstract I would like to commend Cook et al. [1] for their excellent, thorough and timely guidelines for airway management during this time. In particular I would like to commend the principles of airway management to encourage safe, accurate and swift performance. These guidelines have already proven invaluable in training with simulation and also in performing tracheal intubations in patients. I would like to highlight the very important point, the first step of their algorithm for tracheal intubation...
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Abstract We welcomed Professor Cook’s article clarifying the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in protecting staff during the current COVID‐19 pandemic [1]. There remains considerable debate about the extent to which airborne spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 occurs. Small droplets (< 5µm) are thought to remain suspended in the air and could theoretically be inhaled into the lungs causing infection [2]. Loose fitting “surgical” masks will not prevent such inhalation and only a tight‐fitting filtering...
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Abstract The COVID‐19 pandemic has increased demand for ventilators. Anaesthetic machines offer an alternative, but these are not designed to run continuously. Our department uses Dräger Primus anaesthetic machines which require daily checks. Dräger company representatives have indicated that checks can be deferred for up to 72 h [1], but this might increase the risk of malfunctions. Checks take several minutes, so an alternative means of ventilation is required to cover this period, necessitating...
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Abstract Background/objective To reproduce the methods and results of the study by Alobeid et al. (2018) in which the efficacy of tooth alignment using conventional labial and lingual orthodontic bracket systems was assessed. Materials/methods We used the identical experimental protocol and tested (i) regular twin bracket (GAC-Twin [Dentsply])...
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Abstract Patient‐generated health data (PGHD), or health‐related data gathered from patients to help address a health concern, are used increasingly in oncology to make regulatory decisions and evaluate quality of care. PGHD include self‐reported health and treatment histories, patient‐reported outcomes (PROs), and biometric sensor data. Advances in wireless technology, smartphones, and the Internet of Things have facilitated new ways to collect PGHD during clinic visits and in daily life. The...
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Hematological malignancies, including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), exhibit ASXL1 mutations; however, the function and molecular mechanism of these mutations remain unclear. ASXL1 was originally identified as tumor suppressor gene, in which loss of function causes myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). ASXL1 mutations are common and associated with disease progression in myeloid malignancies including MDS, acute myeloid leukemia, and similarly in CML. In MDS, ASXL1 mutations have been associated with...
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Neutropenic enterocolitis is a clinical condition characterized by inflammation of the colic mucosa, usually the caecum, associated with bowel wall thickening in patients with compromised immune system due to chemotherapy treatments. It can occur as well in other clinical conditions that lead to immunosuppression. Clinically, patients present with abdominal pain, fever, and neutropenia on blood tests. A number of major and minor criteria have been suggested for the clinical diagnosis of typhlitis....
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During the 20th century, only two persons have been awarded the Nobel Prize for psychiatric discoveries, Julius Wagner-Jauregg in 1927 for the introduction of malaria inoculation in dementia paralytica and Egas Moniz in 1949 for prefrontal leucotomy. According to traditional narrative, Moniz was inspired by a presentation by Carlyle Jacobsen on prefrontal lesions in chimpanzees at a congress in London in 1935. A few months later, he performed the first operations with the help of a young neurosurgeon....
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Abstract Objective To assess the specificity of increased 18F‐Dihydroxyphenylalanine (18F‐FDOPA) uptake in patients who underwent PET/CT for suspicion of isolated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET). False‐positive results mimicking a pNET have been investigated. Material and methods Carbidopa‐assisted 18F‐FDOPA PET/CT performed in patients with suspicion of localized pNET were retrieved. Only patients with a definitive diagnosis were retrospectively included. When available,...
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Summary Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. Some evidence suggests that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota could be associated with PCOS clinical parameters, but little is known for the association between vaginal microbiome and PCOS. Objective To determine differences in the vaginal microbiome between women with PCOS and healthy control women. Research design and methods In this case control study, the...
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Cysteamine prevents asthma development and reduces airway hyperresponsiveness in experimental asthma
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Abstract YouTube is the world's most popular video‐sharing site that in recent years has become an important platform for patients in finding educational information about their disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality and reliability of narcolepsy‐related YouTube videos. We searched the key terms “Narcolepsy”, “Narcolepsy‐cataplexy,” “Narcolepsy excessive daytime sleepiness” and “Narcolepsy excessive drowsiness” on YouTube. 80 videos were analyzed as they meet the inclusion...
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Abstract Nearly 70% of older adults in the U.S. report using ≥ 1 dietary supplements (DSs) daily. While DSs may have health benefits, there is risk for toxicity or harmful drug‐supplement interactions if not taken correctly. Older adults with chronic wounds who use DSs are at increased risk of adverse drug‐supplement interactions because they usually have comorbidities requiring polypharmacy management. However, no studies have evaluated DS use in this population. The aim of this retrospective...
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Summary In older age, body composition changes as fat mass increases and redistributes. Therefore, the current body mass index (BMI) classification may not accurately reflect risk in older adults (65+). This study aimed to review the evidence on the association between BMI and all‐cause mortality in older adults and specifically, the findings regarding overweight and obese BMI. A systematic search of the OVID MEDLINE and Embase databases was conducted between 2013 and September 2018. Observational...
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The synchronization of flight mechanics with respiration and echolocation call emission by bats, while economizing these behaviors, presumably puts compressive loads on the cartilaginous rings that hold open the respiratory tract. Using computed tomography, the degree of mineralization or ossification of the tracheal rings, cricoid, thyroid and arytenoid cartilages were determined for non‐echolocators, tongue clicking, low‐duty cycle low‐intensity, low‐duty cycle high‐intensity, and high‐duty cycle...
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We produced the first quantitative analysis of ontogenetic scaling between olfactory features (olfactory bulbs and olfactory turbinates) and neighboring structures (cerebrum, total brain, respiratory turbinates) in the model organism chick. Results show olfactory structures scaling together through ontogeny, and provide a useful baseline for future research considering tradeoffs and constraints between the olfactory and neighboring systems in the avian head. Abstract Despite the long‐held assumption...
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Following traumatic nerve injury, distal synaptic terminals degenerate. Here we show that the rate of degeneration is slower during postnatal development and also varies significantly between anatomically distinct muscles. We further show that the presence of underlying synaptic pathology in a muscle accelerates the rate of synapse loss following injury. This data provides a valuable model system to investigate further the factors which affect synaptic stability and degeneration. Abstract Axonal...
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The in the PrS and DG hippocampal regions was not significantly influenced by age, but the neuronal volume of the islands of layer II of the EC was greater in the older age group. The higher variance in the estimates (with a coefficient of variation of 19%, 33%, and 18% for EC, PrS and DG, respectively) was mainly due to biological variation. Abstract The hippocampal formation (HF) has an important role in different human capacities, such as memory processing and emotional expression. Both extensive...
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Abstract Objectives To inform about contemporary PCI practice of in‐stent (IS) chronic total occlusions (CTO) from a large international registry in Latin America. Background IS‐CTO represent a distinctive challenge for PCI, but literature is limited and restricted to high‐resource regions of the world. Methods Patients undergoing CTO PCI enrolled in the LATAM CTO registry from 42 centers in eight countries were included. We analyzed demographics, angiographic, procedure...
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Abstract Percutaneous suture‐mediated transcatheter patent fossa ovalis (PFO) closure has been shown to be an effective and safe technique with self‐evident advantages due to the lack of a permanent device heart implant. The success of this novel technique relies on an optimal catch of the interatrial septa, especially the septum primum which is floppier than the bulkier muscular septum secundum. We hypothesized that double suture of septum primum would further improve the efficacy of the procedure...
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The worldwide pandemic caused by the novel acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV2) has resulted in a new and lethal disease termed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Although there is an association between cardiovascular disease and COVID‐19, the majority of patients who need cardiovascular care for the management of ischemic heart disease may not be infected with COVID‐19. The objective of this document is to provide recommendations for a systematic approach for the care of patients...
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