Summary Skin cancer is the most common cancer in Western populations. Melanoma is the most dangerous form of the disease. Melanoma tends to grow in ‘thickness’ (depth of invasion into the skin) if left untreated, and thicker tumours are considered more advanced and harder to treat than thinner tumours. However, around one quarter of all deaths from melanoma in Queensland, Australia are caused by thin tumours, invading the skin's surface to a thickness of 1mm or less (≤1.00 mm). This study...
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Summary 表皮坏死松解症 (EN),包括史蒂芬斯‐强森症候群和中毒性表皮坏死松解症(或 Lyell 综合征),是危及生命的药物反应,可导致皮肤和粘膜水疱和脱落。它们代表具有一系列严重程度的单一疾病。急性期(意味着更严重)的死亡率(死亡发生率)从 15% 到 30% 不等。 支持性治疗是治疗的基石。一些患者需要在重症监护室 (ICU) 或烧伤病房接受诊疗护理。本研究旨在研究 EN 生存者的长期健康相关生活质量 (HR‐QoL),以及他们后来因 EN 发生的其他疾病(称为后遗症)。 我们对 2010 年至 2017 年间因 EN 入住医院的患者进行了一项研究。在电话访谈期间,通过使用不同的生活质量测量方法评估 HR‐QoL:SF‐36 问卷、医院焦虑抑郁 (HAD) 量表、事件影响量表‐修订版 (IES‐R) 和一般 QoL 结局,包括特定后遗症。 主要(重要)结局指标为 SF‐36 的身体组分总评分 (PCS)。其中,评分越高表明生活质量越高(或更好),而评分越低表明生活质量越差。 共有 57 例 EN 存活者(包括 19 例入住 ICU 的患者)在出院后...
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Summary Palmoplantar psoriasis is a chronic (long term) and difficult‐to‐treat form of psoriasis that affects the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. The disease causes reddish, scaly plaques on the palms and/or soles with or without the presence of such scales elsewhere on the body. Since palms and soles are affected, the patient can have serious issues in carrying out tasks of daily life such as walking, bathing and eating. This can lead to severe disturbance of their quality of...
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Summary Atopic dermatitis (AD), often known simply as eczema, is a widespread condition, affecting between 15‐25% of children and between 4‐7% of adults worldwide. AD causes dry and itchy skin, and for many is a life‐long affliction. AD varies enormously, fluctuating between mild and severe in many patients. Twice daily and generous application of moisturisers (called “emollients”), as well as steroid‐containing creams applied to inflamed skin areas, can help to treat AD. For this reason,...
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Summary Hand eczema is an inflammation of the skin of the hands, which can cause the skin to itch or develop painful cracks. It is a common skin disease that affects about one in every ten people. The Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI) is a much used scoring system to measure how severe a person's hand eczema is. It gives a score from 0‐360, but it is not yet known what these scores exactly mean, or if the instrument can pick up changes when the severity of the hand eczema changes. Researchers...
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Summary Epidermal necrolysis (EN), including Stevens‐Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (or Lyell syndrome), are life‐threatening drug reactions which cause blistering and sloughing of skin and mucous membranes. They represent a single disease with a spectrum of severity. Mortality (death) rate at the acute, meaning more severe, phase varies from 15 to 30%. Supportive care is the cornerstone of treatment. Some patients need care in an intensive care unit (ICU) or burn unit. The aim...
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Summary 特应性皮炎 (AD) 通常简称为湿疹,是一种广泛存在的疾病,影响全球 15‐25% 的儿童和 4‐7% 的成人。AD 可引起皮肤干燥和瘙痒,对许多人来说是一种终生困扰。 AD 差异很大,在许多患者中在轻度和重度之间波动。每日两次大量使用保湿剂(称为“润肤剂”)以及涂抹在发炎皮肤区域的含类固醇乳膏有助于治疗 AD。 因此,指南建议每周使用一品脱大小装的润肤剂。然而,目前尚不清楚患者实际使用了多少保湿剂和类固醇乳膏。 为了找出这一点,来自英国的研究人员分析了电子药房配药记录,上面显示了患者正在使用多少药物。 最重要的发现如下:首先,事实上大多数患者只使用极少量的保湿剂——少于一管标准牙膏(17 克)的三分之一,其用量应该覆盖他们的整个身体,每天两次。其次,使用类固醇乳膏总体上不会超过指南建议,这是令人欣慰的。 第三,使用类固醇乳膏和治疗抑郁症之间有很强的相关性。因此,在需要大量类固醇乳膏(每月 50 克或更多)的患者中,需要定期抗抑郁治疗的患者数量几乎是使用较少量类固醇乳膏患者中需要定期抗抑郁治疗的患者数量的两倍。这一发现证实了之前关于目前患有抑郁症和更严重...
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Summary Atopic dermatitis (also known as AD or eczema) is a common skin disease which is seen in all countries. It is most common in childhood, and we do not know exactly how common it is in adults. This study reports on a postal survey of adults with AD in France, Germany, the UK, and the USA. The investigators were from the pharmaceutical companies, Leo and Astra Zeneca. Participants completed two surveys, one of which concerned the severity of their skin condition, and the other which...
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Summary 手部湿疹是手部皮肤的炎症,可引起皮肤瘙痒或发生疼痛性裂纹。它是一种常见的皮肤病,大约每十个人中就有一人受累。 手部湿疹严重程度指数 (HECSI) 是一种广泛使用的评分系统,用于测量一个人的手部湿疹的严重程度。其给出的评分范围为 0‐360,但目前尚不清楚这些评分究竟意味着什么,也不清楚当手部湿疹的严重程度发生变化时,仪器是否可以检测出变化。 来自荷兰的研究人员对此进行了研究。他们用 HECSI 对 294 例手部湿疹患者的手部进行评分,同时将手部与显示不同阶段手部湿疹严重程度的照片进行比较。4‐12 周后,他们再次进行了该过程。 研究人员发现,根据照片,HECSI 评分会随着手部湿疹的变化而改善和恶化。这意味着 HECSI 能够识别手部湿疹严重程度的变化。 他们还发现,以下 HECSI 评分与严重程度图片的对应阶段相符合:清除,0;几乎清除,1‐16;中度,17‐37;重度,38‐116;极重度,≥117。 最后,研究人员发现,为了达到一个重要的、真实的改善,患者必须至少出现的最小改善为 HECSI 改善 41 分。通过这些评分,医生和研究人员可以更容易地在日常实践和手部湿疹患者的研究中使用...
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Summary 特应性皮炎(也称为 AD 或湿疹)是一种常见的皮肤病,见于所有国家。最常见于儿童时期,我们不知道它在成人中究竟有多常见。本研究报告了法国、德国、英国和美国 AD 成人患者的邮寄问卷调查。研究者来自制药公司利奥制药和阿斯利康制药。参与者完成了两项问卷调查,其中一项调查涉及其皮肤状况的严重程度,另一项问卷调查记录了其从事工作(就业)能力的任何损害。两者均使用了之前已成功测试并正确使用的问卷。1098 名被调查者被发现患有中重度湿疹。研究发现,如果他们的工作能力降低(即无法像以前一样工作),这与 AD 的严重程度直接相关。例如,对于 AD 导致的总体工作障碍,轻度 AD 被调查者报告平均每周 2.4 小时的潜在工作效率丧失,中度 AD 被调查者为 9.6 小时,重度 AD 被调查者为 19.0 小时。在不同国家,受影响的受试者进行日常活动能力的总体损害不同;例如,在中度 AD 受试者中,所有参与者的降低率为 26.7%,生活在欧洲的参与者为 34.0%,美国参与者为 15.2%。这种差异被认为是由于不同国家在获得社会和经济支持方面的差异造成的。研究证实,中度或重度特应性皮炎会对该疾病成人进行正常就业的能力产生显著和不利影响。本摘要涉及研究:在法国、德国、英国和美国,特应性皮炎严重程度的增加与特应性皮炎成人患者工作效率的负面影响相关。
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Summary Toxic epidermal necrolysis (also called TEN or Lyell syndrome) is a devastating type of drug allergy. It affects only one or two people per million, but is often fatal. Patients rapidly lose more than 30% of their skin (known as skin detachment) and suffer blistering of membranes such as eyes, mouth and genitals. Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) is similar but with less than 10% skin detachment and the term SJS/TEN overlap syndrome refers to those with 10‐29% skin detachment. We know...
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Summary 斑块型银屑病是一种皮肤病,可引起红色、鳞屑性皮肤斑块。它是一种慢性疾病,这意味着它一般会长期存在。用于治疗斑块型银屑病的药物包括一种称为甲氨蝶呤的药物,在一些欧洲国家,还包括一种称为富马酸酯 (FAE) 的药物。 近年来,被称为生物制剂的新型强效药物被用于治疗银屑病。依奇珠单抗是治疗中重度斑块型银屑病的生物制剂之一。它是一种抗体,意味着机体免疫系统用来抵御疾病的一类蛋白质。 依奇珠单抗可结合并中和白介素‐17A,白介素‐17A 是一种参与皮肤炎症反应并引起银屑病症状的蛋白。以这种方式阻断白介素‐17A 活性是治疗银屑病等疾病的有用方法。 本研究的目的是在一项在慢性中重度斑块型银屑病患者中开展的随机对照试验 (RCT) 中比较依奇珠单抗与甲氨蝶呤和 FAE 的疗效。RCT 试验是指患者被随机分配到正在研究的其中一种药物的治疗组,也有不接受任何正在被比较治疗的对照组。 使用银屑病面积和严重程度指数 (PASI) 评价疗效(治疗成功),PASI 是银屑病病灶(受累皮肤斑片)发红、增厚、鳞屑和程度的指标。PASI 75 表示患者的 PASI 评分自研究开始后至少改善...
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Summary 掌跖银屑病是一种慢性(长期)、难以治疗的银屑病,累及手掌和足底。该病引起手掌和/或足底淡红色、鳞屑性斑块,伴或不伴身体其他部位的此类鳞屑。由于手掌和脚掌受累,患者在执行日常生活任务如行走、洗澡和进食时可能会出现严重问题。这会导致其生活质量严重紊乱,这类患者可能会社交退缩或患有抑郁症和信心不足。 一种名为苏金单抗的药物已被证明在治疗斑块状银屑病(背部、躯干、手部和腿部有鳞屑的银屑病)患者方面具有快速和持久的有效性;然而,尚未专门研究其对掌跖银屑病的作用。 随机对照试验是将患者随机分配到治疗组的一类临床试验,也有不接受任何研究中治疗的对照组。GESTURE 是规模最大、持续时间最长的随机对照研究,旨在评估苏金单抗在掌跖银屑病患者中的疗效和安全性。对即刻(16 周)和长期(2·5 年)结果进行了评估。 苏金单抗治疗使这些患者快速改善(最早从第 2 周开始),第 16 周的结果证明了苏金单抗治疗掌跖银屑病的疗效。对患者进行进一步治疗并随访至 2·5 年,以了解疗效是否持续或疾病是否再次出现(称为复发)。 2·5 年的结果证实苏金单抗治疗掌跖银屑病患者可产生持久的疗效。患者的手足功能得到改善,因此生活质量得到改善。未发现安全性问题。...
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Summary 增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩是隆起性、异常性瘢痕的两种类型。增生性瘢痕生长在原创面边界内,最终生长变小,但瘢痕疙瘩生长超出原创面边界,不自行变小,治疗困难。瘢痕疙瘩通常发生在肤色较深的人。有时仍难以确定隆起的瘢痕是增生性瘢痕还是瘢痕疙瘩。 这项荷兰研究旨在确定这两种异常瘢痕是否都形成,因为它们保留了幼稚化、不成熟瘢痕的特征,而不是以正常的方式成熟。 作者研究了存在于皮肤外层(表皮)和内层(真皮)的细胞类型,发现增生性和瘢痕疙瘩与未成熟瘢痕而不是正常健康瘢痕非常相似,存在两个重要的方面:外层细胞没有适当成熟(外皮蛋白表达增加);正常皮肤的内层细胞表达一种称为 CD34 的蛋白,不具有收缩组织的细胞 (α‐SMA),但在异常瘢痕中,这种情况发生逆转,CD34 缺失,存在收缩细胞 (α‐SMA)。 与异常瘢痕不同,未成熟瘢痕内外层细胞表现为细胞生长增加 (Ki67)。异常瘢痕的外层要厚得多,内层有许多细胞(波形蛋白),但这些细胞已经停止生长(称为 p16)。 根据内层的外观很难将增生性瘢痕与瘢痕疙瘩分开,但增生性瘢痕有更多的细胞收缩,瘢痕疙瘩内层有很厚的结缔组织带。...
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Summary 皮肤癌是西方人群中最常见的癌症。黑色素瘤是该病中最危险的一种。如果不及时治疗,黑色素瘤倾向于在“厚度”(侵入皮肤的深度)层面生长,较厚的肿瘤被认为比较薄的肿瘤更晚期,更难治疗。 然而,在澳大利亚昆士兰,约四分之一的黑色素瘤死亡是由薄肿瘤引起的,肿瘤侵入皮肤表面厚度为 1 mm 或以下(≤1.00 mm)。 这项研究旨在寻找一些在诊断时可以确定最终死于薄黑色素瘤的患者因素。对来自昆士兰癌症登记处的数据进行了分析,以比较导致患者死亡的 424 例薄黑色素瘤与未导致死亡的 1189 例薄黑色素瘤的特征。 位于头皮上的薄黑色素瘤与背部的薄黑色素瘤相比,导致患者死亡的可能性高至 6 倍。此外,较厚的薄黑色素瘤(穿透皮肤厚度为 0.80‐1.00 mm)导致死亡的可能性是厚度小于 0.30 mm 的微创(较薄)肿瘤的 6 倍。 这项研究表明,在诊断时,根据肿瘤发生在身体的哪个部位以及厚度不断增加,可以在薄黑色素瘤中识别出更危险的肿瘤类型。具有这些特征的黑色素瘤患者在诊断和治疗后可能需要更密切的随访。 本摘要涉及研究:与薄 (≤1.00 mm) 黑色素瘤死亡相关的临床病理因素...
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Summary Plaque psoriasis is a skin disease which causes red, scaly patches of skin. It is a chronic disease, which means that it generally persists for a long time. Medications used to treat plaque psoriasis include a drug called methotrexate and, in some European countries, a medicine called fumaric acid esters (FAE). In more recent years, new, powerful drugs called biologics have been used to treat psoriasis. Ixekizumab is one such biologic treatment for moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis....
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Summary Hypertrophic and keloid scars are two types of raised, abnormal scars. Hypertrophic scars grow within the borders of the original wound and eventually grow smaller, but keloids grow beyond the original wound borders, do not grow smaller on their own, and are difficult to treat. Keloids usually occur in people with darker skin colour. Sometimes it is still difficult to determine if a raised scar is a hypertrophic scar or a keloid. This study from the Netherlands aimed to find out if...
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Summary Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a skin disease that causes large boils and pustules to form. It usually affects skin folds of the body, such as the armpits and groin, and can cause significant inflammation, pain, itch, scarring, and disfigurement. About 0.1‐1% of people have HS in the U.S.A. and Europe. HS is more common in females. When studies measure HS on the skin, they often need a clinician (e.g. a doctor) to count the number of each type of HS lesion (affected patch of skin)....
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Summary 化脓性汗腺炎 (HS) 是一种引起大疖、脓疱形成的皮肤病。它通常会影响人体的皮肤褶皱处(例如腋窝和腹股沟),并可能导致严重的炎症、疼痛、痒、疤痕和外形毁损。 在美国和欧洲,约 0.1%‐1% 的人患有 HS。HS 多见于女性。当研究测量皮肤上的 HS 时,他们通常需要临床医生(例如医生)来计数每种类型 HS 病变(受影响的皮肤区域)的数量。这可能很困难,因此,一名临床医生可能计算出与另一名临床医生不同的数字。如果临床医生不能达成一致,则这不是准确的测量工具。 本研究由美国的研究人员完成,旨在发现临床医生使用不同方法测量 HS 的能力。作者采访了治疗 HS 的临床医生,以了解他们观察到的皮肤变化,从而决定 HS 是好转还是恶化。由此,研究人员根据 HS 的面积大小以及发红、肿胀和破损皮肤的面积大小,开发了一种新的 HS 测量方法。 接下来,作者让 10 名临床医生检查了 23 例 HS 患者,他们完成了新测量和现有测量。与现有的 HS 测量方法相比,新测量在临床医生中具有更高的一致性。此外,临床医生在测量具有 HS 的同一个人时更可能与自己保持一致。...
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Summary 中毒性表皮坏死松解症(也称为 TEN 或 Lyell 综合征)是药物过敏的一种破坏性类型。每百万人中仅有一两人受累,但往往是致死性的。患者超过 30% 的皮肤迅速丢失(称为皮肤脱落),并出现眼、口和生殖器等膜水疱。史蒂芬斯‐强森症候群 (SJS) 相似,但皮肤脱落率低于 10%,术语 SJS/TEN 重叠综合征是指皮肤脱落率为 10‐29% 的综合征。 我们知道,年龄较大、皮肤脱落较多和患有其他疾病的患者更容易死亡,但我们不知道死亡率是否也取决于他们接受治疗的地方。 这些病症的管理(诊疗护理)非常复杂,涉及许多不同的专业,如皮肤科、眼科和口腔医学,很少有医院所治疗的患者数量足以获取这一领域的知识。 这项研究使用了年龄超过 15 岁的患者的国家数据,这些患者从 2010 年 1 月开始在法国医院接受了为期 5 年的治疗。在 300 家医院就诊的 991 例患者中,60% 有 SJS,17% 有 SJS/TEN 重叠,23% 有 TEN。 共有 109 例 (11%) 患者死亡:9 例 (2%) 有 SJS 、26 例 (15%) 有 SJS/TEN...
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Abstract Sinonasal malignant mucosal melanoma (SNM) is a rare, aggressive malignancy. The diagnosis of SNM is often quite challenging due to anatomical limitations, frequent lack of pigmentation, variable histologic appearances, and aberrant differentiation (e.g., positivity for cytokeratin, desmin, or neuroendocrine markers). S100 protein is routinely used as a standard screening marker for SNM, but it may lack optimal sensitivity. Our objective was to study the extent of immunohistochemical...
16h
1366 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: quality of care These pubmed results were generated on 2020/04/01PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
16h
1366 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: quality of care These pubmed results were generated on 2020/04/01PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
18h
273 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: health technology These pubmed results were generated on 2020/04/01PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
17h
273 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: health technology These pubmed results were generated on 2020/04/01PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
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Zusammenfassung Stetig sich verbessernde Behandlungsoptionen und somit eine Zunahme von Patientinnen mit rezidivfreiem Langzeitüberleben nach der Diagnose Zervixkarzinom haben Auswirkungen auf die physische und psychische Lebensqualität nach erfolgreicher Behandlung („survivorship“). Sexualität hat einen hohen Stellenwert in Bezug auf die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität insbesondere der jüngeren Generation, ebenso wie die Konsequenzen der Krebserkrankung und deren Behandlung...
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Abstract Diffuson tensor imaging (DTI) has demonstrated widespread alterations of brain white matter structure in children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), yet it remains unclear how these alterations affect the structural brain network as a whole. The present study aimed to examine changes in the DTI-based structural connectome in children and adolescents with PAE compared to unexposed controls. Participants were 121 children and adolescents with PAE (51 females) and 119...
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JDB, Vol. 8, Pages 9: Gbx1 and Gbx2 Are Essential for Normal Patterning and Development of Interneurons and Motor Neurons in the Embryonic Spinal Cord Journal of Developmental Biology doi: 10.3390/jdb8020009 Authors: Buckley Burroughs-Garcia Kriks Lewandoski Waters The molecular mechanisms regulating neurogenesis involve the control of gene expression by transcription factors. Gbx1 and Gbx2, two members of the Gbx family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors,...
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Abstract Purpose To determine the lifetime cumulative incidence of syncope, potential ethnic differences and factors associated with syncope using the Malaysian elders longitudinal research (MELoR) study first wave dataset. Methods The MELoR study recruited community-dwelling adults aged 55 years and over, selected through stratified random...
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Introduction: DNA microarrays, such as the consensus molecular subtype (CMS) classification using #x3e;600 genes, are used to predict cancer patient prognosis. We recently constructed a simple 55-gene classifier (55GC) system to risk stratify colon cancer (CC). Objective: Here, we validate the 55GC specifically for stage II CC and compare it with CMS categories. Methods: Tissue sections from 232 stage II CC patients who underwent curative surgery without adjuvant chemotherapy between 2009 and 2012...
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Abstract An approach is proposed for the detection of chronic heart disorders from the electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. It utilizes an intelligent event-driven ECG signal acquisition system to achieve a real-time compression and effective signal processing and transmission. The experimental results show that grace of event-driven nature an overall 2.6 times compression and bandwidth utilization gain is attained by the suggested solution compared to the counter classical methods....
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Publication date: Available online 31 March 2020Source: GeneAuthor(s): Misagh Rajabinejad, Gelayol Asadi, Sedigheh Ranjbar, Leila Afshar Hezarkhani, Farhad Salari, Ali Gorgin Karaji, Alireza Rezaiemanesh
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Publication date: Available online 31 March 2020Source: GeneAuthor(s): Rodrigo Pinheiro Araldi, Charbel Khalil, Pedro Henrique Grignet, Michelli Ramires Teixeira, Thatiana Correa de Melo, Diego Grando Módolo, Luis Guilherme Virgílio Fernandes, Jorge Ruiz, Edislane Barreiros de Souza
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