The Clinical Practice Guidelines for Dementia in Australia provide evidence-based recommendations for the assessment, diagnosis, and care of people with dementia and their informal carers. The extent to which ...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 03:00
Medical records are critical to patient care, but often contain incomplete information. In UK hospitals, record-keeping is traditionally undertaken by junior doctors, who are increasingly completing early-care...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 03:00
High Altitude Medicine &Biology, Ahead of Print.
Wed Sep 04, 2019 10:00
Abstract Purpose Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvic floor has become a commonly requested diagnostic tool for pelvic floor assessment. We provide a practical guide for developing, growing, and troubleshooting a dedicated pelvic floor imaging service. Methods The authors provide an organized approach to the development of a pelvic floor MRI program...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 03:00
Abstract Purpose To appraise the ability of the computed tomography (CT) radiomics signature for prediction of early recurrence (ER) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A set of 325 HCC patients were enrolled in this retrospective study and the whole dataset was divided into 2 cohorts, including “training set” (225 patients) and “test...
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Abstract miR-548-3p is one of the members of miR-548 family, a large primate-specific miRNA gene family. The role of miR-548-3p in lung cancer was less studied. In this study, we found the expression of miR-548-3p was lower both in clinical tumor specimens and lung cancer cells compared with normal controls. In vitro, miR-548-3p inhibited lung cancer cell growth and promoted cell apoptosis at the S stage of cell cycle. The underlying mechanism of miR-548b-3p-induced cell proliferation...
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Abstract Resin cements create a high bond between the tooth and ceramic surfaces, thus making it impossible to remove the restoration in one piece. The aims of this study were to evaluate (i) the efficiency of an Er:YAG laser for debonding, and (ii) the changes in the rebonding strength values of all-ceramic veneers, which were removed after laser application. A tooth reduction of 120 extracted human maxillary central incisors was made to provide two different bonding surfaces...
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Antidepressants that primarily enhance monoaminergic neurotransmission involving serotonin or norepinephrine are used in the treatment of major depressive disorder, and their clinical effects are generally evident in 4 to 8 weeks. One hypothesis for the mechanism of depression implicates deficits…
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Major depressive disorder is a serious mental health condition that affects up to 16% of people in the United States during their lifetimes and about 7% of the U.S. population in a given year. In addition, patients with major depressive disorder have an outsized risk of suicidal behavior.…
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Current Anthropology, Ahead of Print.
Tue Sep 03, 2019 08:42
Current Anthropology, Ahead of Print.
Wed Sep 04, 2019 06:38
Current Anthropology, Ahead of Print.
Wed Sep 04, 2019 06:38
Abstract Purpose of Review In the last 50 years, vancomycin has been the agent of choice to treat infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, vancomycin treatment failure is not uncommon, even when MRSA strains are fully susceptible to vancomycin. Treatment with vancomycin requires careful monitoring of drug levels as there is a potential for nephrotoxicity. Resistance to clindamycin is not infrequent,...
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Designing plasmonic hollow colloids with small interior nanogaps would allow exploiting structural properties normally linked to an ensemble of particles but within a single nanoparticle. Here we report a synthetic approach for constructing a new class of frame nanostructures. Fine control over the galvanic replacement reaction of Ag nanoprisms with Au precursors gave unprecedented Au particle‐in‐a‐frame nanostructures with well‐defined sub‐2 nm interior nanogaps. The prepared nanostructures exhibited...
Tue Sep 03, 2019 17:04
A palladium‐catalyzed dearomative syn ‐1,4‐oxyamination protocol using non‐activated arenes has been developed. This one‐pot procedure utilizes arenophile chemistry, and the corresponding para ‐cycloadducts are treated with oxygen nucleophiles via formal allylic substitution, providing direct access to syn ‐1,4‐oxyaminated products. The reaction conditions permit a range of arenes, as well as different O‐nucleophiles, such as oximes and benzyl alcohols. Moreover, this process was established...
Tue Sep 03, 2019 17:05
We report the catalytic enantioselective conjugate addition of borylalkyl copper nucleophile generated in situ from 1,1‐diborylmethane to α,β‐unsaturated diesters under mild conditions. In the presence of a chiral N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐copper catalyst, this method facilitates enantioselective incorporation of ‐CH2Bpin moiety into the β‐position of the diesters, yielding β‐chiral alkylboronates with up to 86% yield and 98:2 enantiomeric ratio. The resulting chiral alkylboron diester products...
Tue Sep 03, 2019 17:28
We have developed Cu(II)‐catalyzed asymmetric 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions using β‐fluoroalkyl alkenyl arylsulfones as dipolarophiles and glycine/alanine iminoesters as azomethine ylide precursors. Remarkably, a catalyst loading as low as 0.5 mol% proves to be highly efficient. Accordingly, a wide range of enantioenriched 3‐fluoroalkyl pyrrolidines, as well as ∆ 2 ‐pyrroline and pyrrole derivatives, are generated in good to excellent yields with high asymmetric induction. This synthetic approach...
Tue Sep 03, 2019 18:29
VOPO₄·xH₂O has been proposed as a cathode for rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries. However, it undergoes significant voltage decay in the conventional Zn(OTf)₂ electrolyte according to our experiment. Further systematic investigations demonstrate the decomposition of VOPO₄·xH₂O into VOx in the electrolyte, and voltage drops after losing the inductive effect from polyanions. Therefore, PO₄³¯ is added to shift the decomposition equilibrium. High concentration of the cheap and highly soluble ZnCl₂ salt...
Tue Sep 03, 2019 19:29
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent the link between resonance‐stabilized free radicals and carbonaceous nanoparticles generated in incomplete combustion processes and in circumstellar envelopes of carbon rich Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars. Although these PAHs resemble building blocks of complex carbonaceous nanostructures, their fundamental formation mechanisms have remained elusive. By exploring these reaction mechanisms of the phenyl radical with biphenyl/naphthalene theoretically...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 11:00
The unambiguous characterization of the coordination chemistry of nanocrystal surfaces that have been produced by a wet‐chemical synthesis presently remains a highly challenging issue. Here, zinc oxide nanocrystals (ZnO NCs) coated by monoanionic diphenyl phosphate (DPP) ligands were derived by a traditional sol‐gel process and a one‐pot self‐supporting organometallic (OSSOM) procedure, and advanced atomic‐scale characterization through dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP‐)enhanced solid‐state nuclear...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 11:01
A molecular goniometer for organic solids: Three‐bond J couplings accessed by solid‐state NMR spectroscopic analysis of organic solids are related to torsional angles through a simple Karplus relationship. This function constitutes a unique tool to probe the conformation of organic materials and is expected to significantly improve the determination of crystal structures for powders. Abstract Vicinal scalar couplings (3J) are extensively used for the conformational analysis of organic compounds...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 14:13
Zincobyric acid and zincobalamin, the Zn‐analogues of cobyric acid and of vitamin B12, were efficiently prepared from the metal‐free corrin, hydrogenobyric acid. The crystal structure of the zincobyrate, the first of a Zn‐corrin, revealed a significant misfit of the closed shell ZnII‐ion to the corrin ligand. The luminescent Zn‐mimics of vitamin B12 do not support organometallic B12‐enzyme reactions and may be useful enzyme inhibitors. Abstract Replacing the central cobalt ion of vitamin B12...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 14:13
Playing with fire: A flame reaction is used to prepare SmCo–oxide particles that are further reduced to form strongly ferromagnetic SmxCoy particles. The 260 nm SmCo5 particles can be embedded in epoxy resin and aligned to show a large room‐temperature coercivity (Hc=41.8 kOe) and high magnetic energy product (19.6 MGOe). Abstract We report a flame‐reaction method to synthesize high‐performance Smx Coy (x=1, y=5; x=2, y=17) particles on a multigram scale. This flame reaction allows the controlled...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 14:40
The E and Z geometric isomers of a stable silene (tBu2MeSi)(tBuMe2Si)Si=CH(1‐Ad) (1) were synthesized and characterized. Both experiment (kinetic studies) and theory (DFT calculations) conclude that the thermal Z⇌E isomerization of 1 proceeds through a silyl migration–rotation–migration mechanism (via silylene intermediates), rather than through the classic rotation mechanism common for alkenes. Abstract The E and Z geometric isomers of a stable silene (tBu2MeSi)(tBuMe2Si)Si=CH(1‐Ad) (1) were...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 14:40
All together now: A highly efficient CuII‐mediated deprotection of selenazolidine was applied to the one‐pot synthesis of peptides and proteins. The challenging target human thiosulfate:glutathione sulfurtransferase (TSTD1), a 115‐residue protein with only one cysteine at the active site, was synthesized from three segments through a one‐pot C‐to‐N synthetic approach, while its seleno analogue Se‐TSTD1 was synthesized through a one‐pot N‐to‐C synthetic approach. Abstract While chemical protein...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 14:40
A photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CRR) in aqueous solution is a promising reaction route, while severe H2 generation (HER) greatly limits its selectivity and activity. A strategy to obtain a three‐phase contact of CO2 (gas), H2O (liquid) and catalyst (solid) is described to overcome the mass transfer limitation of CO2, elevate the CO2 concentration on the catalyst surface, restrain the HER, and enhance the activity and selectivity of the CRR. Abstract The photocatalytic CO2 reduction...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 14:42
Superior potassium storage: Sb nanocrystals were uniformly impregnated within carbon nanofibers containing an array of nanochannels (denoted u‐Sb@CNFs). As a freestanding anode for potassium‐ion batteries, u‐Sb@CNFs manifest a large specific capacity, an outstanding rate property, and an ultrastable cycling performance. Abstract Sb‐based nanocomposites are attractive anode materials for batteries as they exhibit large theoretical capacity and impressive working voltage. However, tardy potassium...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 14:42
The interaction of Cytochrome c (Cyt c) with cardiolipin (CL) is commonly believed to play an important role in the initial events of apoptosis. Numerous studies have focused on the interaction of Fe3+Cyt c with CL, but those with regard to the structural basis of Fe2+Cyt c˗CL complex and the redox state‐dependent regulation of Cyt c release are rather limited. Here we investigate the structural changes of CL˗bound Fe2+Cyt c and the corrections with Cyt c release via surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 17:04
We investigate on‐surface [2+2] cycloaddition reaction of 2,3,6,7,10,11‐hexabromotriphenylene (HBTP) on Ag(111), Cu(111), Au(111) and Cu‐dosed Au(111) surfaces using scanning tunneling microscopy and density‐functional theory simulation focusing on the organometallic intermediates. The fully‐debrominated HBTP molecules form an organo‐silver framework on Ag(111) and an organo‐copper framework on Cu(111), both incorporating multi‐nuclear metal adatom clusters. The former is converted to porous covalent...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 17:58
Using an external stimulus to modulate the electronic structure of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is very important because such response would give additional functions to COFs. In this research, we demonstrate that a two‐dimensional (2D) COF, constructed from a photo‐responsive unit (1,2‐bis(5‐formyl‐2‐methylthien‐3‐yl)cyclopentene), can reversibly switch its electrical conductivity 200 times from low state (the open form) to high state (the close form) upon irradiation with UV light. This...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 18:20
The first example of an efficient and direct dehydrogenative boration of alkene for vinyl boronate ester synthesis was achieved using a zirconium‐catalyst. Our methodology avoids using precious transition metals, additional hydrogen acceptors, high temperatures and long reaction times which were required to overcome the reducing ability of borane to give alkyl boronate ester. Detailed mechanistic studies revealed a reversible reaction pathway and further led to the discovery of applying the catalyst...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 18:29
The current process for the production of Si is based on the high temperature (1700 oC) reduction of SiO2 with carbon that produces copious amounts of CO2. We report an alternative low‐temperature (850 oC) process based on the reduction of SiO2 in molten CaCl2 that does not produce CO2. The present process utilizes an anode material (Ti4O7) capable of sustained oxygen evolution and producing Si without any CO2 emissions, as opposed to the use of a carbon anode. Two types of this kind of anode material,...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 18:31
For the first time, in an intermetallic precursor approach, the manganese gallide MnGa4 has been employed to produce by in‐situ electroconversion in alkaline media high performance and long‐term stable MnOx‐based electrocatalysts for water oxidation. Unexpectedly, its electrocorrosion (under the concomitant loss of Ga) leads simultaneously to three crystalline types of MnOx minerals with distinct structures and induced defects: birnessite δ‐MnO2, feitknechtite β‐MnOOH, and hausmannite α‐Mn3O4. The...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 18:39
A general method for asymmetric synthesis of heteroaryl containing cycles via palladium‐catalyzed cyclization is reported. Most classes of nitrogen‐containing aromatics, including pyridines, quinolines, pyrimidines, various azoles and the derivatives of nucleobases are compatible substrates, offering various heteroaryl‐substituted cyclopentane, pyrrolidine, furanidine and bicyclo [4, 3, 1] decadiene derivatives with good to excellent enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity.
Wed Sep 04, 2019 20:53
Heavyweights: Four heavier homologues ECX− (E=N, P, As; X=O, S, Se) of the cyanate anion have been investigated using negative‐ion photoelectron spectroscopy, photoelectron‐imaging spectroscopy, and quantum‐chemical computations. The measured electron affinities (EAs) and spin–orbit (SO) splittings serve as critical points to complete the EA and SO matrices for the first to third row of the ECX. family. Abstract The newly synthesized phosphorus‐ and arsenic‐containing analogues of the thio‐...
Wed Sep 04, 2019 22:00
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