A Swim-Specific Shoulder Strength and Conditioning Program for Front Crawl Swimmers ALTHOUGH SWIMMING IS A WHOLE-BODY ACTIVITY, SHOULDER PROBLEMS CAN BE QUITE COMMON IN COMPETITIVE SWIMMERS. THE PROPULSION FOR SWIMMING COMES LARGELY FROM THE UPPER BODY BUT THE LOWER BODY AND TRUNK PLAY AN IMPORTANT SUPPORTING ROLE. THE SWIMMING SHOULDER KINETIC CHAIN (SSKC) DESCRIBES THE GENERATION OF SWIMMING PROPULSION USING THE WHOLE BODY. EFFECTIVE SWIMMERS WILL USE THE SSKC IN THEIR STROKE, SO EFFECTIVE STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PROGRAMS SHOULD ALSO INCLUDE THE SSKC. A SERIES OF SWIM-SPECIFIC EXERCISES USING THE SSKC ARE PRESENTED THAT FOCUS ON THE SHOULDER BUT CAN FORM THE BASIS OF A WHOLE-BODY SWIMMING STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PROGRAM.

Integrating Strength and Power Development in the Long-Term Athletic Development of Young Rugby Union Players: Methodological and Practical Applications THE PURPOSE OF THIS ARTICLE IS TO DESCRIBE THE TRAINING STRATEGY BUILT BY THE FRENCH RUGBY UNION TO OPTIMIZE STRENGTH AND POWER DEVELOPMENT IN ELITE RUGBY UNION PLAYERS. THE TRAINING PROCESS IS BASED ON 4 STAGES COMPOSED OF EDUCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY, WORK CAPACITY, MAXIMAL STRENGTH, AND EXPLOSIVE POWER. THE EVOLUTION OF THE PLAYER DURING THESE DIFFERENT STEPS SHOULD BE ADJUSTED ACCORDING TO INDIVIDUAL PROGRESSION AND NOT ONLY THEIR CHRONOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL AGE. SUPERVISED TRAINING SESSIONS WITH QUALIFIED AND EXPERIENCED STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING COACHES ARE PARAMOUNT TO ENSURE INDIVIDUALIZED TRAINING AND PROVIDE SOUND PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES.

Autoregulated Resistance Training: Does Velocity-Based Training Represent the Future? TRADITIONALLY, RESISTANCE TRAINING INTENSITY HAS BEEN BASED UPON A PERCENTAGE OF AN INDIVIDUAL'S 1RM. HOWEVER, THERE ARE NUMEROUS SHORTCOMINGS WITH THIS APPROACH, INCLUDING ITS FAILURE TO CONSIDER AN ATHLETE'S CONDITIONAL, DAY-TO-DAY TRAINING READINESS. IN ORDER TO ADDRESS THESE LIMITATIONS, THE USE OF VARIOUS PROGRESSIVE AUTO-REGULATED RESISTANCE TRAINING PROTOCOLS HAS BEEN SUGGESTED IN THE LITERATURE. RECENT ADVANCES IN THE MONITORING OF MOVEMENT VELOCITY OFFER A UNIQUE APPROACH BY WHICH TO OPTIMIZE THE USE OF AUTO-REGULATED RESISTANCE TRAINING. BY MATCHING ESTABLISHED ACUTE RESISTANCE TRAINING VARIABLES TO SPECIFIC MOVEMENT VELOCITIES THE STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PRACTITIONER CAN OPTIMIZE RESISTANCE TRAINING INTENSITY AND OBJECTIVELY IDENTIFY THE ONSET OF NEUROMUSCULAR FATIGUE.

Biomechanical Comparison of Cutting Techniques: A Review and Practical Applications CUTTING ACTIONS ARE IMPORTANT MANEUVERS IN MULTIDIRECTIONAL SPORT AND ARE ALSO KEY ACTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH NONCONTACT ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY; HOWEVER, IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT 3 PRIMARY CUTTING TECHNIQUES HAVE BEEN STUDIED WITHIN THE LITERATURE: THE SIDE-STEP, CROSSOVER CUT, AND SPLIT-STEP. THESE CUTTING TECHNIQUES DEMONSTRATE KINETIC AND KINEMATIC DIFFERENCES, WHICH HAVE DISTINCT IMPLICATIONS FOR BOTH PERFORMANCE AND POTENTIAL INJURY RISK. IN THIS REVIEW, WE DISCUSS THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE 3 CUTTING TECHNIQUES AND PROVIDE CUTTING TECHNICAL GUIDELINES, VERBAL COACHING CUES, AND CHANGE-OF-DIRECTION SPEED AND AGILITY PROGRAMMING RECOMMENDATIONS TO ENHANCE PERFORMANCE AND PROMOTE SAFER MECHANICS.

Core Muscle Activity Assessed by Electromyography During Exercises for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review LOW BACK PAIN (LBP) IS ONE OF THE MOST FREQUENT HEALTH PROBLEMS WORLDWIDE AFFECTING BOTH WORK AND PERSONAL LIFE. ALTHOUGH PHYSICAL EXERCISE FOCUSING ON THE CORE MUSCLES IS COMMONLY USED AS PART OF TREATMENT, THERE IS NO SYSTEMATIC OVERVIEW OF EXERCISE SPECIFICITY AND INTENSITY AMONG PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC LBP (CLBP). THIS ARTICLE AIMS TO SYSTEMATICALLY REVIEW THE LITERATURE ON CORE MUSCLE ACTIVITY ASSESSED BY ELECTROMYOGRAPHY DURING EXERCISES IN ADULTS WITH NONSPECIFIC CLBP. THIS SYSTEMATIC REVIEW SERVES AS A REFERENCE GUIDE IN THE SELECTION OF CORE MUSCLE EXERCISES FOR NONSPECIFIC CLBP.

Current Approaches on Warming up for Sports Performance: A Critical Review WARM-UP PROCEDURES HAVE BECOME RELEVANT FOR COACHES, RESEARCHERS, AND SPORTS PROFESSIONALS IN RECENT YEARS. SEVERAL STUDIES HAVE BEEN CONDUCTED TO VERIFY THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PREACTIVITIES, REGARDING DIFFERING VOLUME, INTENSITY, REST, AND SPECIFICITY, AND THE WARM-UP IS NOW WIDELY ACCEPTED AS AN ESSENTIAL PRACTICE TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE. RESEARCH IS NOW FOCUSING ON THE EFFECTS OF STATIC AND DYNAMIC STRETCHES, POSTACTIVATION POTENTIATION PHENOMENON, AND OPTIMIZATION OF WAITING PERIODS WITH PASSIVE WARM-UP APPROACHES. IN THIS BRIEF REVIEW, WE CRITICALLY ANALYZE THE EMERGING METHODS AND STRATEGIES OF WARM-UP THAT HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATED AND USED BEFORE COMPETITIVE EVENTS.

Dynamic Correspondence of Resistance Training to Sport: A Brief Review THE PROPER APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF SPECIFICITY IS ESSENTIAL TO ANY STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PROGRAM. HOWEVER, THE TRANSFER OF RESISTANCE TRAINING TO SPORT IS HIGHLY COMPLEX, DIFFICULT TO PREDICT, AND CHALLENGING TO ASSESS. THIS BRIEF REVIEW EXAMINES THE PRINCIPLE OF DYNAMIC CORRESPONDENCE AS AN AID TOWARD BETTER UNDERSTANDING AND PREDICTING AN EXERCISE OR TRAINING METHOD'S POTENTIAL TRANSFER TO SPORT. PRACTICAL TRAINING RECOMMENDATIONS ARE GIVEN BASED ON THE RESEARCH REVIEWED.

Exercise Programming for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD) IS THE MOST COMMON LIVER DISEASE IN THE UNITED STATES AND ABROAD DUE TO A WESTERN DIET AND A DECREASE IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. WEIGHT LOSS AND EXERCISE IMPROVE THE FATTY LIVER AND ASSOCIATED COMORBIDITIES; HOWEVER, PROGRAMMING IS HIGHLY INDIVIDUALIZED CONSIDERING ITS HIGH PREVALENCE, AND THEREFORE, SEVERAL PROGRAMMING OPTIONS CAN BE CONSIDERED. A VIDEO ABSTRACT DESCRIBING THIS ARTICLE CAN BE FOUND IN SUPPLEMENTAL DIGITAL CONTENT 1 (SEE VIDEO, HTTP://LINKS.LWW.COM/SCJ/A253).

Sled Pushing and Pulling to Enhance Speed Capability RESISTED SPRINTING IN THE FORM OF SLED PUSHING AND PULLING ARE POPULAR TRAINING METHODS TO IMPROVE SPEED CAPABILITY, ALTHOUGH RESEARCH HAS BEEN BIASED TOWARD INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF SLED PULLING. PRACTITIONERS NEED TO UNDERSTAND WHETHER THE SLED PUSH AND PULL OFFER DIFFERENTIAL TRAINING EFFECTS, AND HENCE THEIR UTILITY IN INFLUENCING SPRINT KINEMATICS AND KINETICS FOR TARGETED ADAPTATION. FURTHERMORE, THERE ARE A NUMBER OF RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN LOADING AND ASSESSMENT THAT WARRANT DISCUSSION, GIVEN THE IMPACT OF THESE TECHNIQUES ON UNDERSTANDING THE LOAD-VELOCITY RELATIONSHIP AND OPTIMIZING HORIZONTAL POWER OUTPUT. FINALLY, SOME THOUGHTS REGARDING LOAD PRESCRIPTION ARE SHARED WITH THE READER.

Wearable Resistance Training for Speed and Agility THERE ARE MANY TRAINING TOOLS AVAILABLE TO THE COACH FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF SPEED AND AGILITY. THIS ARTICLE DISCUSSES THE USE OF WEARABLE RESISTANCE (WR) AND ITS PLACE IN THE CONDITIONING CONTINUUM. IN TERMS OF SPECIFIC STRENGTH TRAINING AND TRANSFERENCE OF ADAPTATION TO SPEED AND AGILITY, WR TRAINING IS A BONA FIDE CONTRIBUTOR AND CAN MAKE A REAL DIFFERENCE TO ATHLETICISM AND COMPETITION PERFORMANCE. HOWEVER, THE UTILIZATION OF WR TRAINING IS EMBRYONIC; THEREFORE, THE FOCUS OF THE ARTICLE IS ON ENHANCING UNDERSTANDING AND PROVIDING GENERIC GUIDELINES THAT CAN BE TRANSLATED ACROSS MULTIPLE MOVEMENT PATTERNS AND SPORTING SITUATIONS.