Effects of Hatha Yoga and Resistance Exercise on Affect and State Anxiety in Women Purpose This study aimed to compare the effects of single bouts of moderate-intensity resistance exercise (RE) and Hatha Yoga (HY) on postexercise affect and anxiety. Methods Active, college-aged women (N = 25) completed RE, HY, and no-exercise control sessions. Affect (energy, tiredness, tension, calmness) and state anxiety were assessed before exercise and 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after exercise. Results RE promoted significant postexercise increases in energy and tension and decreases in tiredness (P < 0.05) and calmness (P < 0.01). HY significantly improved calmness throughout recovery (P < 0.001). Both HY and RE showed significant reductions in state anxiety (P < 0.05), with the largest effect for HY seen 0 min after exercise (effect size, −0.77) and the largest effect for RT observed 60 min after exercise (effect size, −0.79). Conclusion Acute bouts of both RE and HY reduce state anxiety and positively impact various aspects of affect, despite opposing effects seen in affective scores. Furthermore, the divergent time course may reveal potentially different mechanisms that drive these responses.