Publication date: Available online 10 August 2019Source: Academic RadiologyAuthor(s): Leon Lenchik, Laura Heacock, Ashley A. Weaver, Robert D. Boutin, Tessa S. Cook, Jason Itri, Christopher G. Filippi, Rao P. Gullapalli, James Lee, Marianna Zagurovskaya, Tara Retson, Kendra Godwin, Joey Nicholson, Ponnada A. NarayanaRationale and ObjectivesThe automated segmentation of organs and tissues throughout the body using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging has been rapidly increasing. Research...
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Abstract We describe association of olfactory bulb and olfactory tract abnormalities in a child with acrocallosal syndrome caused by kinesin family membrane 7 (KIF7) mutation in sonic hedgehog pathway. The child also had fontanellar bone in the anterior fontanelle, short sagittal suture, sagittal synostosis, hippocampal malrotation and Joubert malformation. Fontanellar bone has been described in GLI3 mutation and mutant mice models but has not been reported in KIF7 mutation. We...
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Publication date: Available online 8 August 2019Source: Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen MolecularAuthor(s): R. Rahmani, P. Niazi, M. Naseri, M. Neishabouri, S. Farzanefar, M. Eftekhari, F. Derakhshan, R. Mollazadeh, A. Meysami, M. AbbasiResumenObjetivoLa precisión diagnóstica de la imagen de perfusión miocárdica (IPM) no es óptima para predecir el resultado de la angiografía. El objetivo del presente estudio es investigar la aplicación de la red neuronal artificial (RNA) para integrar...
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Publication date: Available online 9 August 2019Source: Ultrasound in Medicine & BiologyAuthor(s): Mehravar Rafati, Mehrdad Rafati Rahimzadeh, Hassan MoladoustAbstractThis study aimed to identify instant intima-media thickness changes (ΔIMT) in the common carotid artery (CCA) during cardiac cycle in order to assess atherosclerosis progression. Using a computerized semi-automated method, instant IMT changes were extracted in the two walls of the left CCA (240 consecutive patients) using B-mode...
Publication date: Available online 9 August 2019Source: Ultrasound in Medicine & BiologyAuthor(s): Lifen Xie, Xiaolan Feng, Minying Huang, Kun Zhang, Quanhong LiuAbstractMetastasis is a major dilemma of cancer therapy. It frequently occurs in breast cancer, which is the leading form of malignant tumor among females worldwide. Although there are therapies that provide a possible method for this challenge, such as chemotherapy, the tumoral metabolic pathway is unconventional and favors metastasis...
Publication date: Available online 9 August 2019Source: Ultrasound in Medicine & BiologyAuthor(s): Chih-Peng Lin, Ing-Jeng Chen, Ke-Vin Chang, Wei-Ting Wu, Levent ÖzçakarAbstractWe systematically reviewed observational studies investigating ultrasound elastography for median nerves in the carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) population. PubMed and Embase were studied from the earliest record to April 2019. The primary outcome was the comparison of elasticity of the median nerve between participants with...
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Abstract Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and diagnostic test performance of the U-net-based segmentation method in neuromelanin magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI) compared to the established manual segmentation method for Parkinson’s disease (PD) diagnosis. Methods NM-MRI datasets from two different 3T-scanners were used: a “principal dataset”...
Abstract Purpose Assess the agreement for two investigators between computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for seven imaging features included in the iNPH Radscale, a radiological screening tool. Methods The study included 35 patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) who were treated surgically from 2011 to 2015...
Abstract Purpose To investigate proliferative reorganization in the bilateral corticospinal tract (CST) and functional reorganization in the sensorimotor network (SMN) after internal capsule stroke, and to examine the significance of this reorganization. Methods We recruited 17 patients with first-onset acute stroke (16 male, 1 female, mean age 52 ± 10 years)...
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Publication date: Available online 9 August 2019Source: Medical Image AnalysisAuthor(s): Liansheng Wang, Qiuhao Xu, Stephanie Leung, Jonathan Chung, Bo Chen, Shuo LiAbstractAccurate automated quantitative Cobb angle estimation that quantitatively evaluates scoliosis plays an important role in scoliosis diagnosis and treatment. It solves the problem of the traditional manual method, which is the current clinical standard for scoliosis assessment, but time-consuming and unreliable. However, it is very...
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Publication date: Available online 10 August 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Sabrina Pitzalis, Chiara Serra, Valentina Sulpizio, Sara Di Marco, Patrizia Fattori, Gaspare Galati, Claudio GallettiAbstractThe cortical area PEc is anatomically and functionally well-defined in macaque, but it is unknown whether it has a counterpart in human. Since we know that macaque PEc, but not the nearby posterior regions, hosts a lower limb representation, in an attempt to recognize a possible human PEc we looked...
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Verity Smith, Daniel J. Mitchell, John DuncanAbstractThe default mode network (DMN) is often associated with internally-directed cognition, distinct from the constraints of the external environment. However, a recent finding is that the DMN shows strong activation after large task switches during a demanding externally-directed task (Crittenden et al., 2015; Smith et al., 2018). Following other proposals, we have suggested...
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Harmanvir Ghuman, T. Kevin Hitchens, Michel ModoAbstract19F-MR imaging of perfluorocarbon (PFC)-labeled macrophages can provide a unique insight into their participation and spatio-temporal dynamics of inflammatory events, such as the biodegradation of an extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel implanted into a stroke cavity. To determine the most efficient acquisition strategy for 19F-MR imaging, five commonly used sequences...
Publication date: Available online 10 August 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): F.J. Fritz, S. Sengupta, R.L. Harms, D.H. Tse, B.A. Poser, A. RoebroeckAbstractDiffusion MRI (dMRI) in ex vivo human brain specimens is an important research tool for neuroanatomical investigations and the validation of dMRI techniques. Many ex vivo dMRI applications have benefited from very high dMRI resolutions achievable on small-bore preclinical or animal MRI scanners for small tissue samples. However, the investigation...
Publication date: Available online 9 August 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Tjeerd W. Boonstra, Luca Faes, Jennifer N. Kerkman, Daniele MarinazzoAbstractThe central nervous system needs to coordinate multiple muscles during postural control. Functional coordination is established through the neural circuitry that interconnects different muscles. Here we used multivariate information decomposition of multichannel EMG acquired from 14 healthy participants during postural tasks to investigate the neural...
Publication date: Available online 8 August 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Nathaniel G. Harnett, Muriah D. Wheelock, Kimberly H. Wood, Adam M. Goodman, Sylvie Mrug, Marc Elliott, Mark Schuster, Susan Tortolero, David C. KnightAbstractThreat-related emotional function is supported by a neural circuit that includes the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus, and amygdala. The function of this neural circuit is altered by negative life experiences, which can potentially affect threat-related emotional...
Publication date: Available online 8 August 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Phillip E. Gander, Sukhbinder Kumar, William Sedley, Kirill V. Nourski, Hiroyuki Oya, Christopher K. Kovach, Hiroto Kawasaki, Yukiko Kikuchi, Roy D. Patterson, Matthew A. Howard, Timothy D. GriffithsAbstractThis work sought correlates of pitch perception, defined by neural activity above the lower limit of pitch (LLP), in auditory cortical neural ensembles, and examined their topographical distribution. Local field potentials...
Publication date: Available online 8 August 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Celia Foster, Mintao Zhao, Javier Romero, Michael J. Black, Betty J. Mohler, Andreas Bartels, Isabelle BülthoffAbstractOur visual system can easily categorize objects (e.g. faces vs. bodies) and further differentiate them into subcategories (e.g. male vs. female). This ability is particularly important for objects of social significance, such as human faces and bodies. While many studies have demonstrated category selectivity...
Publication date: Available online 8 August 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Y. Dor-Ziderman, A. Lutz, A. GoldsteinAbstractThe human mind has an automatic tendency to avoid awareness of its mortality. How this protective mechanism is implemented at the neuronal level is unknown. Here we test the hypothesis that prediction-based mechanisms mediate death-denial by shielding the self from existential threat. We provide evidence that self-specific predictive processes are downregulated during the perception...
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