Related ArticlesEndometrioid Carcinoma Arising from an Endometriosis-Associated Abdominal Wall Scar. Am J Case Rep. 2020 Jun 01;21:e922973 Authors: Paulino E, de Melo AC, da Silva VF Abstract BACKGROUND Carcinoma arising from an endometriosis-associated abdominal wall scar is a rare entity, with only a few case reports published in the literature. The management is very controversial due to on its own rarity, and there are no specific guidelines. Treatment...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:15
Related ArticlesBronchial Visualization of Tetanic Contractions: A Case Report. Am J Case Rep. 2020 Jun 01;21:e923349 Authors: Briones-Claudett KH, Briones-Claudett MH, Murillo Vasconez RA, Escudero-Requena A, Briones Zamora KH, Briones Marquez DC, Benites Sólis J, Grunauer Andrade M Abstract BACKGROUND Tetanus is a potentially fatal infectious disease which, during its evolution, creates multiple complications, usually requiring intensive management...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:15
Related ArticlesInfection of Zebrafish Larvae with Aspergillus Spores for Analysis of Host-Pathogen Interactions. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 16;(159): Authors: Thrikawala S, Rosowski EE Abstract Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is one of the most common fungal infections among immunocompromised individuals. Despite the availability of antifungal drugs, IA can cause >50% mortality in infected immunocompromised patients. It is crucial to determine both host...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesEvaluation of Oxidative Stress in Biological Samples Using the Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances Assay. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 12;(159): Authors: Aguilar Diaz De Leon J, Borges CR Abstract Despite its limited analytical specificity and ruggedness, the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay has been widely used as a generic metric of lipid peroxidation in biological fluids. It is often considered a good indicator...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesSimple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 15;(159): Authors: Filipova A, Diaz Garcia D, Dvorak J, Filip S, Jelicova M, Sinkorova Z Abstract Primary cilia are dynamically regulated during cell cycle progression, specifically during the G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle, being resorbed prior to mitosis. Primary cilia can be visualized with highly sophisticated methods, including transmission electron...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesOrthotopic Transplantation of Breast Tumors as Preclinical Models for Breast Cancer. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 18;(159): Authors: Lv X, Dobrolecki LE, Ding Y, Rosen JM, Lewis MT, Chen X Abstract Preclinical models that faithfully recapitulate tumor heterogeneity and therapeutic response are critical for translational breast cancer research. Immortalized cell lines are easy to grow and genetically modify to study molecular mechanisms, yet...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesClick-Chemistry Based Fluorometric Assay for Apolipoprotein N-acyltransferase from Enzyme Characterization to High-Throughput Screening. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 13;(159): Authors: Nozeret K, Pernin A, Buddelmeijer N Abstract Lipoproteins from proteobacteria are posttranslationally modified by fatty acids derived from membrane phospholipids by the action of three integral membrane enzymes, resulting in triacylated proteins. The first step...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesDifferentiation and Characterization of Neural Progenitors and Neurons from Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 15;(159): Authors: Hanafiah A, Geng Z, Wang Q, Gao Z Abstract We describe the step-by-step procedure for culturing and differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells into neuronal lineages, followed by a series of assays to characterize the differentiated cells. The E14 mouse embryonic stem cells were used to form...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesBlocking Lymph Flow by Suturing Afferent Lymphatic Vessels in Mice. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 14;(159): Authors: Lin Y, Xue J, Liao S Abstract Lymphatic vessels are critical in maintaining tissue fluid balance and optimizing immune protection by transporting antigens, cytokines, and cells to draining lymph nodes (LNs). Interruption of lymph flow is an important method when studying the function of lymphatic vessels. The afferent lymphatic...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesPhage Therapy Application to Counteract Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Cystic Fibrosis Zebrafish Embryos. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 12;(159): Authors: Cafora M, Forti F, Briani F, Ghisotti D, Pistocchi A Abstract Antimicrobial resistance, a major consequence of diagnostic uncertainty and antimicrobial overprescription, is an increasingly recognized cause of severe infections, complications, and mortality worldwide with a huge impact...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesA Salt-Templated Synthesis Method for Porous Platinum-based Macrobeams and Macrotubes. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 18;(159): Authors: Burpo FJ, Losch AR, Nagelli EA, Winter SJ, Bartolucci SF, McClure JP, Baker DR, Bui JK, Burns AR, O'Brien SF, Forcherio GT, Aikin BR, Healy KM, Remondelli MH, Mitropoulos AN, Richardson L, Wickiser JK, Chu DD Abstract The synthesis of high surface area porous noble metal nanomaterials generally relies on time...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesThe Quantification of Injectability by Mechanical Testing. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 13;(159): Authors: Robinson TE, Hughes EAB, Eisenstein NM, Grover LM, Cox SC Abstract Injectable biomaterials are becoming increasingly popular for the minimally invasive delivery of drugs and cells. These materials are typically more viscous than traditional aqueous injections and may be semi-solid, therefore, their injectability cannot be assumed. This...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesVisualizing Synaptic Degeneration in Adult Drosophila in Association with Neurodegeneration. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 13;(159): Authors: Sidisky JM, Babcock DT Abstract Drosophila serves as a useful model for assessing synaptic structure and function associated with neurodegenerative diseases. While much work has focused on neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) in Drosophila larvae, assessing synaptic integrity in adult Drosophila has received...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
An Automated Differential Nuclear Staining Assay for Accurate Determination of Mitocan Cytotoxicity.
Related ArticlesAn Automated Differential Nuclear Staining Assay for Accurate Determination of Mitocan Cytotoxicity. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 12;(159): Authors: Pei J, Panina SB, Kirienko NV Abstract The contribution of mitochondria to oncogenic transformation is a subject of wide interest and active study. As the field of cancer metabolism becomes more complex, the goal of targeting mitochondria using various compounds that inflict mitochondrial damage...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesBiotribological Testing and Analysis of Articular Cartilage Sliding against Metal for Implants. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 14;(159): Authors: Stotter C, Bauer C, Simlinger B, Ripoll MR, Franek F, Klestil T, Nehrer S Abstract Osteochondral defects in middle-aged patients might be treated with focal metallic implants. First developed for defects in the knee joint, implants are now available for the shoulder, hip, ankle and the first metatarsalphalangeal...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesPreparation of the Rat Vocal Fold for Neuromuscular Analyses. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 15;(159): Authors: Lenell C, Shembel AC, Johnson AM Abstract The purpose of this tutorial is to describe the preparation of the rat vocal fold for histochemical neuromuscular study. This protocol outlines procedures for rat laryngeal dissection, flash-freezing, and cryosectioning of the vocal folds. This study describes how to cryosection vocal folds...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesX-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 13;(159): Authors: Dutoit R, Brandt N, Van Elder D, Droogmans L Abstract The M42 aminopeptidases form functionally active complexes made of 12 subunits. Their assembly process appears to be regulated by their metal ion cofactors triggering a dimer-dodecamer transition. Upon metal ion binding,...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesPrimary Clarification of CHO Harvested Cell Culture Fluid using an Acoustic Separator. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 14;(159): Authors: Hong JS, Azer N, Agarabi C, Fratz-Berilla EJ Abstract Primary clarification is an essential step in a biomanufacturing process for the initial removal of cells from therapeutic products within the harvested cell culture fluid. While traditional methods like centrifugation or filtration are widely implemented...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesReverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP) Assay for the Specific and Rapid Detection of Tilapia Lake Virus. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 18;(159): Authors: Phusantisampan T, Rawiwan P, Roy SRK, Sriariyanun M, Surachetpong W Abstract Tilapia lake virus disease (TiLVD), an emerging viral disease in tilapia caused by the tilapia lake virus (TiLV), is a persistent challenge in the aquaculture industry that has resulted...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesEstablishing a Porcine Ex Vivo Cornea Model for Studying Drug Treatments against Bacterial Keratitis. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 12;(159): Authors: Okurowska K, Roy S, Thokala P, Partridge L, Garg P, MacNeil S, Monk PN, Karunakaran E Abstract When developing novel antimicrobials, the success of animal trials is dependent on accurate extrapolation of antimicrobial efficacy from in vitro tests to animal infections in vivo. The existing in...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesTurboID-Based Proximity Labeling for In Planta Identification of Protein-Protein Interaction Networks. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 17;(159): Authors: Zhang Y, Li Y, Yang X, Wen Z, Nagalakshmi U, Dinesh-Kumar SP Abstract Proximity labeling (PL) techniques using engineered ascorbate peroxidase (APEX) or Escherichia coli biotin ligase BirA (known as BioID) have been successfully used for identification of protein-protein interactions (PPIs)...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesTranslating Ribosome Affinity Purification (TRAP) to Investigate Arabidopsis thaliana Root Development at a Cell Type-Specific Scale. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 14;(159): Authors: Thellmann M, Andersen TG, Vermeer JE Abstract In this article, we give hands-on instructions to obtain translatome data from different Arabidopsis thaliana root cell types via the translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP) method and consecutive optimized...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesIn Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy with Biasing and Fabrication of Asymmetric Crossbars Based on Mixed-Phased a-VO x. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 13;(159): Authors: Nirantar S, Mayes E, Sriram S Abstract Resistive switching crossbar architecture is highly desired in the field of digital memories due to low cost and high-density benefits. Different materials show variability in resistive switching properties due to the intrinsic nature...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesA Custom Multiphoton Microscopy Platform for Live Imaging of Mouse Cornea and Conjunctiva. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 17;(159): Authors: Wu YF, Ye RT, Pan MK, Lin SJ, Tan HY Abstract Conventional histological analysis and cell culture systems are insufficient to simulate in vivo physiological and pathological dynamics completely. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has become one of the most popular imaging modalities for biomedical study at cellular...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesCharacterization of In Vitro Differentiation of Human Primary Keratinocytes by RNA-Seq Analysis. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 16;(159): Authors: Smits JGA, Qu J, Niehues H, Zhou H Abstract Human primary keratinocytes are often used as in vitro models for studies on epidermal differentiation and related diseases. Methods have been reported for in vitro differentiation of keratinocytes cultured in two-dimensional (2D) submerged manners using...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesImplementation of a Real-Time Psychosis Risk Detection and Alerting System Based on Electronic Health Records using CogStack. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 15;(159): Authors: Wang T, Oliver D, Msosa Y, Colling C, Spada G, Roguski Ł, Folarin A, Stewart R, Roberts A, Dobson RJB, Fusar-Poli P Abstract Recent studies have shown that an automated, lifespan-inclusive, transdiagnostic, and clinically based, individualized risk calculator provides...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesNitrogen Compound Characterization in Fuels by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 15;(159): Authors: Deese RD, Morris RE, Romanczyk M, Metz AE, Loegel TN Abstract Certain nitrogen-containing compounds can contribute to fuel instability during storage. Hence, detection and characterization of these compounds is crucial. There are significant challenges to overcome when measuring trace compounds in a complex matrix...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesQuantitative Static and Dynamic Assessment of Balance Control in Stroke Patients. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 17;(159): Authors: Lin Q, Zheng Y, Lian P, Guo Y, Huang H, Luo Z, Li W, Chen H, Li S, Lang S, Chen Y, Ou H, Liang J Abstract In patients with stroke, damage to the central nervous system (CNS) can affect the postural stability and increase the risk of falling. Therefore, accurately assessing the balance is important to understand...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesTranscriptome-Wide Profiling of Protein-RNA Interactions by Cross-Linking and Immunoprecipitation Mediated by FLAG-Biotin Tandem Purification. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 18;(159): Authors: Bi X, Zhang X, Shen X Abstract RNA and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) control multiple biological processes. The spatial and temporal arrangement of RNAs and RBPs underlies the delicate regulation of these processes. A strategy called CLIP-seq (cross-linking...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesGeneration of Human Regulatory T Cell Clones. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 17;(159): Authors: Nowatzky J, Manches O Abstract Human regulatory T cells (Treg) are notoriously difficult to isolate in high purity given the current methods of Treg enrichment. These methods are based on the identification of Treg through several activation-dependent cellular surface markers with varying expression levels in different physiologic and pathologic conditions....
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesFlypub To Study Ethanol Induced Behavioral Disinhibition and Sensitization. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 18;(159): Authors: Delgado NM, Sierra CM, Arzola A, Saldes EB, Han KA, Sabandal PR Abstract Alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains a serious problem in our society. To develop effective interventions for addiction, it is important to understand the underlying neurobiological mechanisms, for which diverse experimental approaches and model systems...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesArterial Pouch Microsurgical Bifurcation Aneurysm Model in the Rabbit. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 14;(159): Authors: Wanderer S, Waltenspuel C, Grüter BE, Strange F, Sivanrupan S, Remonda L, Widmer HR, Casoni D, Andereggen L, Fandino J, Marbacher S Abstract Endovascular treatment for intracranial aneurysms gained importance over the past decades, consequently there is an increased need of testing endovascular devices. Animal models respecting...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesStandard Test Method ASTM D 7998-19 for the Cohesive Strength Development of Wood Adhesives. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 17;(159): Authors: Frihart CR, Lorenz L Abstract The properties of cured wood adhesives are difficult to study because of the loss of water and other components to the wood, the influence of wood on the adhesive cure, and the effect of adhesive penetration on the wood interphase; thus, normal testing of a neat adhesive...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesTissue-Specific RNAi Tools to Identify Components for Systemic Stress Signaling. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 16;(159): Authors: Miles J, van Oosten-Hawle P Abstract Over the past decade there has been a transformative increase in knowledge surrounding the regulation of protein quality control processes, unveiling the importance of intercellular signaling processes in the regulation of cell-nonautonomous proteostasis. Recent studies are now...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesMethylated RNA Immunoprecipitation Assay to Study m5C Modification in Arabidopsis. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 14;(159): Authors: Saplaoura E, Perrera V, Kragler F Abstract Secondary base modifications on RNA, such as m5C, affect the structure and function of the modified RNA molecules. Methylated RNA Immunoprecipitation and sequencing (MeRIP-seq) is a method that aims to enrich for methylated RNA and ultimately identify modified transcripts....
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesImaging Intranuclear Actin Rods in Live Heat Stressed Drosophila Embryos. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 15;(159): Authors: Biel N, Figard L, Sokac AM Abstract The purpose of this protocol is to visualize intranuclear actin rods that assemble in live Drosophila melanogaster embryos following heat stress. Actin rods are a hallmark of a conserved, inducible Actin Stress Response (ASR) that accompanies human pathologies, including neurodegenerative...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesGeneration and Quantitative Characterization of Functional and Polarized Biliary Epithelial Cysts. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 16;(159): Authors: Bouzhir L, Gontran E, Loarca L, Collado-Hilly M, Dupuis-Williams P Abstract Cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells that line up the bile ducts in the liver, oversee bile formation and modification. In the last twenty years, in the context of liver diseases, 3-dimensional (3D) models based on cholangiocytes...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Related ArticlesDirect Liquid-Culture Screening for Evaluating the Production of Heterologous Proteins Using an Auxotrophic Mutant of Aspergillus Oryzae. J Vis Exp. 2020 May 12;(159): Authors: Shinkawa S, Mitsuzawa S Abstract Aspergillus oryzae, a filamentous fungus, is one of the most widely used hosts for industrial applications including large-scale production of proteins. A polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated protoplast transformation method is...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 16:14
Introduction: In potentially curable non-small-cell lung cancer, different practice guidelines recommend invasive mediastinal staging in tumors larger than 3 cm, central, or hypermetabolic N1 lymph nodes. There is no consensus concerning the use of an endosonographic procedure or a mediastinoscopy in the first line in patients with a radiologically normal mediastinum, while in case of a mediastinal involvement, the latest European guidelines recommend the combination of endobronchial ultrasound...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 11:07
Background: The predictors and airway morphological changes during the development of postintubation tracheal stenosis (PITS) have not been well elucidated. Objectives: To elucidate the validation of endobronchial optical coherence tomography (EB-OCT) in assessing the airway morphological changes in PITS. Methods: We performed oral endotracheal intubation in 12 beagles to establish the PITS model. EB-OCT was performed respectively before modeling and on the 1st, 7th, and 12th day after extubation...
Tue Jun 02, 2020 11:05
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