Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

Ocrelizumab Treatment in Patients with Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: Short-term Safety Results from a Compassionate Use Programme in Germany

Publication date: Available online 12 August 2020Source: Clinical Neurology and NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Sebastian Rauer, Muna-Miriam Hoshi, Refik Pul, Mathias Wahl, Matthias Schwab, Judith Haas, Gisa Ellrichmann, Markus Krumbholz, Björn Tackenberg, Kai-Uwe Saum, Fabian Buck, Jost Leemhuis, Anita Kretschmann, Orhan Aktas

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery

Thu Aug 13, 2020 16:30

The impact of the implementation of a mobile stroke unit on a stroke cohort

Publication date: Available online 12 August 2020Source: Clinical Neurology and NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Joshua H. Weinberg, Ahmad Sweid, Mauren DePrince, John Roussis, Nabeel Herial, Michael Reid Gooch, Hekmat Zarzour, Stavropoula Tjoumakaris, Thomas Topley, Alvin Wang, Gerald Wydro, Lawrence Durland, Robert Elliot, James Fox, Robert H. Rosenwasser, Pascal Jabbour

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery

Thu Aug 13, 2020 16:30

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European Journal of Neuroscience

On the effect of neuronal spatial subsampling in small‐world networks

Abstract The analysis of real world networks of neurons is biased by the current ability to measure just a subsample of the entire network. It is thus relevant to understand if the information gained in the subsamples can be extended to the global network to improve functional interpretations. Here we showed how average clustering coefficient, average path length and small‐world propensity scale when spatial sampling is applied to small‐world networks. This extraction mimics the measurement of physical...

European Journal of Neuroscience

Thu Aug 13, 2020 19:16

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Neuroradiology

Neuroimaging Advances in Deep Brain Stimulation: Review of Indications, Anatomy, and Brain Connectomics [ADULT BRAIN]

SUMMARY:Deep brain stimulation is an established therapy for multiple brain disorders, with rapidly expanding potential indications. Neuroimaging has advanced the field of deep brain stimulation through improvements in delineation of anatomy, and, more recently, application of brain connectomics. Older lesion-derived, localizationist theories of these conditions have evolved to newer, network-based "circuitopathies," aided by the ability to directly assess these brain circuits in vivo through the...

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 22:51

Assessment of Maturational Changes in White Matter Anisotropy and Volume in Children: A DTI Study [FUNCTIONAL]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Anisotropy is a good indicator of white matter fascicle macrostructure and organization but the interpretation of its changes with age remains difficult. The increase of WM fascicle fractional anisotropy with time and its relationship with WM fascicle volume have never been examined during childhood. We studied the maturation of associative WM fascicles during childhood using MR imaging–based DTI. We explored whether the fractional anisotropy increase of the main WM fascicles...

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 21:12

Chest CT Scanning in Suspected Stroke: Not Always Worth the Extra Mile [LETTERS]

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 19:17

Reply: [LETTERS]

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 19:16

Break Out the Worlds Smallest Violin for an Overwhelmed Neuroradiologist [LETTERS]

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 19:14

Vessel Wall Enhancement and Focal Cerebral Arteriopathy in a Pediatric Patient with Acute Infarct and COVID-19 Infection [PEDIATRICS]

SUMMARY:Herein, we report the findings of intracranial arterial wall enhancement, consistent with focal cerebral arteriopathy–inflammatory type, in a child presenting with acute infarct in the setting of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. To our knowledge, this report provides the first description of vessel wall imaging findings in COVID-19-associated acute stroke.

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 19:11

COVID-19-Associated PRES-like Encephalopathy with Perivascular Gadolinium Enhancement [ADULT BRAIN]

SUMMARY:We describe the case of a 63-year-old woman who developed a coronavirus disease 2019–associated acute encephalopathy with perivascular gadolinium enhancemsent.

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 19:04

Stroke Thrombectomy in Patients with COVID-19: Initial Experience in 13 Cases [INTERVENTIONAL]

SUMMARY:We performed a retrospective review in both comprehensive stroke units of a region affected early by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, between March 1 and April 26, 2020, including patients with COVID-19 who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for ischemic stroke. We identified 13 cases, representing 38.2% of 34 thrombectomies performed during this period. We observed increased mortality and a high incidence of thrombotic complications during hospitalization. Given the high...

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 18:52

Focal Areas of High Signal Intensity in Children with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Expected Evolution on MRI [PEDIATRICS]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Focal areas of high signal intensity are T2WI/T2-FLAIR hyperintensities frequently found on MR imaging of children diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type 1, often thought to regress spontaneously during adolescence or puberty. Due to the risk of tumor in this population, some focal areas of high signal intensity may pose diagnostic problems. The objective of this study was to assess the characteristics and temporal evolution of focal areas of high signal intensity in children...

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 18:46

The Distribution and Role of M1 and M2 Macrophages in Aneurysm Healing after Platinum Coil Embolization [INTERVENTIONAL]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Impairment of macrophage polarization from a proinflammatory macrophage type 1 (M1) population to an anti-inflammatory macrophage type 2 (M2) population is a hallmark of poor wound healing. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the distribution of M1 and M2 macrophages and to analyze their association with healing in aneurysms embolized by endovascular coiling.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Elastase-induced aneurysms were created in female rabbits and subsequently embolized with platinum...

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 18:41

Deep Learning for Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumor Detection and Classification: A Multi-Institutional Study [FUNCTIONAL]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Posterior fossa tumors are the most common pediatric brain tumors. MR imaging is key to tumor detection, diagnosis, and therapy guidance. We sought to develop an MR imaging–based deep learning model for posterior fossa tumor detection and tumor pathology classification.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The study cohort comprised 617 children (median age, 92 months; 56% males) from 5 pediatric institutions with posterior fossa tumors: diffuse midline glioma of the pons (n = 122), medulloblastoma...

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 18:28

Imaging Features of Acute Encephalopathy in Patients with COVID-19: A Case Series [ADULT BRAIN]

SUMMARY:Coronavirus disease 2019 was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. There is a scarcity of data on coronavirus disease 2019–related brain imaging features. We present 5 cases that illustrate varying imaging presentations of acute encephalopathy in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. MR features include leukoencephalopathy, diffusion restriction that involves the GM and WM, microhemorrhages, and leptomeningitis. We believe it is important for radiologists...

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 18:26

The Evaluation and Prediction of Laminoplasty Surgery Outcome in Patients with Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy Using Diffusion Tensor MRI [SPINE]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:DTI has been proved valuable for the diagnosis of degenerative cervical myelopathy, whereas its capacity for predicting the outcome of surgery is still under debate. Here we conduct a prospective cohort study to analyze the capacity of DTI for evaluating and predicting laminoplasty surgery outcome for degenerative cervical myelopathy.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We recruited 55 patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy who underwent DTI before surgery and at 3- and 6-month follow-up...

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 17:52

A Simple Formula to Estimate Parathyroid Weight on 4D-CT, Predict Pathologic Weight, and Diagnose Parathyroid Adenoma in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism [HEAD & NECK]

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Parathyroid gland weight is a clinically relevant parameter used to diagnose parathyroid adenomas intraoperatively. We evaluated the accuracy of a formula to estimate parathyroid weight on preoperative 4D-CT.MATERIALS AND METHODS:A single-institution retrospective study was performed in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent 4D-CT between January 2013 and December 2014 with subsequent parathyroidectomy and surgical cure. All patients had correct localization...

Neuroradiology

Thu Aug 13, 2020 17:02

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ScienceDirect Publication: Brain Research Bulletin

Glycyrrhizic acid protects juvenile epileptic rats against hippocampal damage through activation of Sirtuin3: <strong>Running title:</strong> GA protects juvenile EP rats via activating Sirt3

Publication date: Available online 13 August 2020Source: Brain Research BulletinAuthor(s): Gang Wu, Jun Liu, Shize Li, Weiqin Gao, Mingxing Qiu, Changjin Yang, Yiming Ma, Xinghui Song

ScienceDirect Publication: Brain Research Bulletin

Thu Aug 13, 2020 17:54

Salidroside shows anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects by activating the Nrf2-ARE pathway in a pentylenetetrazol-kindling epileptic model

Publication date: Available online 12 August 2020Source: Brain Research BulletinAuthor(s): Yanfen Wu, Yong Wang, Yarui Wu, Tingting Li, Wei Wang

ScienceDirect Publication: Brain Research Bulletin

Thu Aug 13, 2020 17:54

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