Background The significance of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency in ampullary cancers (ACs) has not been established. Methods In total, 127 ACs with invasive carcinomas measuring ≥3 mmthat had adequate tissue were analyzed immunohistochemically. Results MMR loss was detected in 18% of ACs (higher than in colorectal cancers). Twelve tumors with MLH1‐PMS2 loss were negative for BRAF V600E mutation, suggesting a Lynch syndrome association. MMR‐deficient tumors (n = 23), comparedwith...
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 31 August 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-01042-wPhase 2 study of irinotecan plus cetuximab rechallenge as third-line treatment in KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: JACCRO CC-08
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Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
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Abstract Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by total mesorectal excision (TME) and adjuvant chemotherapy is the standard regimen for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). However, whether and to which extent neoadjuvant radiotherapy could be removed from nCRT for patients with LARC is still unclear. This was a multicenter, retrospectively recruited, prospectively maintained cohort study. Propensity‐score matching model was employed to minimize potential confounding factors...
Abstract Accumulating evidence show that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are identified as regulators in tumor progression and development. Here, we elucidated the function and possible molecular mechanisms of the effect of lncRNA‐PICSAR (p38 inhibited cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma associated lincRNA) on the biological behaviors of HCC. In present study, we demonstrated that PICSAR was up‐regulated in HCC tissues and cells and correlated with progression and poor prognosis in HCC patients. Gain‐...
Abstract Copy number variation (CNV) is a polymorphism in the human genome involving DNA fragments larger than 1kb. CNV sites provide hotspots of somatic alterations in cancers. Herein, we examined somatic alterations at sites of CNV in DNA from 20 invasive breast cancers using a Comparative Genomic Hybridization array specifically designed to detect the genome‐wide CNV status of around 412,000 sites. Somatic copy number alterations (CNAs) were detected in 39.9% of the CNV probes examined. The most...
Abstract End‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis therapy have a higher incidence of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs), which consist of two major histopathological types: clear‐cell RCCs (ESRD‐ccRCCs) and acquired cystic disease (ACD)‐associated RCCs. However, their genetic and epigenetic alterations are still poorly understood. Herein, we investigated somatic mutations, copy number alterations (CNAs), and DNA methylation profiles in 9 ESRD‐ccRCCs and 7 ACD‐associated RCCs to identify their...
Abstract Immune cell infiltration is an important indicator of whether tumor patients will benefit from immunotherapy. Gastric cancer is one of the most common tumors in the world, and new indicators of immunotherapy are urgently needed. The aim of this study was to construct ceRNA networks in gastric cancer with different degrees of immune cell infiltration. We analysed the expression profiles of different gastric cancer with different degrees of immune cell infiltration retrieved from The Cancer...
Abstract UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A enzymes detoxify a broad array of exogenous compounds including environmental toxins and carcinogens. Case‐control studies identified genetic variations in UGT1A genes leading to reduced glucuronidation activity, which were associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation and progression. Aim of the study was therefore to examine the direct effect of common UGT1A polymorphisms (SNPs) on HCC development and outcome in a diethylnitrosamine (DEN)‐induced...
Abstract Spt16 is a component of the FACT complex which is a histone chaperone and involved in gene transcription, DNA replication and DNA repair. Previous studies showed that FACT is highly expressed in cancer, and cancer cells are more relied on FACT than normal cells. However, the relationship between Spt16 and lung cancer are still unclear. In this study, we explored the functions of Spt16 in lung cancer cells. The effects of Spt16 on lung cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis,...
Summary Chaperone‐mediated autophagy (CMA) is a lysosomal degradation pathway of selective soluble proteins. LAMP2A is the key receptor protein of CMA, downregulation of LAMP2A leads to CMA blockade. Although CMA activation has been involved in cancer growth, CMA status and functions in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by focusing on the roles in regulating chemosensitivity remain to be clarified. In this study, we found that elevated expression of LAMP2A is found in NSCLC cell lines as well as...
Abstract Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is rare, but the most common primary malignancy of the salivary gland and not infrequent in young individuals. CRTC1/3‐MAML2 fusions are frequently detected in MEC and are useful as a diagnostic biomarker. However, there has been a debate as to whether the fusions have prognostic significance. In this study, we retrospectively collected 153 salivary gland MEC cases from 11 tertiary hospitals in Japan. As inclusion criteria, the MEC patients in this study had...
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Publication date: Available online 29 August 2020Source: Cancer/RadiothérapieAuthor(s): S. Combes, E. Bacry, C. Fontbonne
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Abstract In a multinational placebo‐controlled phase 3 clinical trial in 2185 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM] and stage 4 chronic kidney disease [CKD], treatment with the Nrf2 activator bardoxolone methyl increased estimated glomerular filtration rate, a measure of kidney function, but also resulted in increases in serum alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], and gamma glutamyl transferase [GGT]. These increases in liver enzyme level(s) were maximal after...
Abstract Cenerimod is a sphingosine‐1‐phosphate 1 receptor (S1P1R) modulator in Phase 2 development for treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Its pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), as well as safety and tolerability were investigated in Caucasian and Asian subjects to allow for recruitment of Asian patients in future studies. A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled parallel‐group study was performed in 20 healthy male subjects (n=10 per ethnicity). A single, oral dose of 4...
Abstract We conducted a multi‐site investigation of genetic determinants of warfarin dose variability in Latinos from the U.S. and Brazil. Patients from five institutions in the U.S. (n=411) and Brazil (n=663) were genotyped for VKORC1 c.‐1639G>A, common CYP2C9 variants, CYP4F2*3, and NQO1*2. Multiple regression analysis was used in the U.S. cohort to test the association between warfarin dose and genotype, adjusting for clinical factors, with further testing in an independent cohort of Brazilians....
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Purpose: The limited knowledge on the molecular profile of BRAF-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who progress under BRAF-targeted therapies (BRAF-TT) has hampered the development of subsequent therapeutic strategies for these patients. Here, we evaluated the clinical utility of ctDNA targeted sequencing to identify canonical BRAF mutations and genomic alterations potentially related to resistance to BRAF-TT, in a large cohort of BRAF-mutant NSCLC patients. Experimental Design: Prospective...
Tumor data from the ABCGS5 trial of chemotherapy versus endocrine therapy for premenopausal ER+ breast cancer supports molecular subtyping by Ki-67 immunochemistry as a prognostic marker. But while this tissue was handled uniformly, Ki67 testing overall is unstandardized, complicating clinical utility. Increasing potential biomarkers herald more challenges in biomarker validation.
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Publication date: October 2020Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, Volume 154Author(s): Ranjit K. Harwansh, Rohitas Deshmukh
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Opinion statement The importance of assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is now well recognized as an essential measure when evaluating the effectiveness of new cancer therapies. Quality of life measures provide for a multi-dimensional understanding of the impact of cancer treatment on measures ranging from functional, psychological, and social aspects of a patient’s health. Patient-reported outcomes provide for an assessment...
Opinion statement Bronchial carcinoids are uncommon tumors accounting for 20 to 30% of all neuroendocrine tumors and about 1–2% of all cancers of pulmonary origin. Bronchial carcinoids are well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors and have a favorable survival outcome when compared with other subtypes of lung cancers. Treatment of bronchial carcinoids is not simple owing to intricacy of symptom presentation and heterogeneity of disease biology. Successful treatment of patients...
Opinion statement Small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (SB NETs) are increasing in frequency and becoming more common in surgical practice. It is often difficult to make the diagnosis of a SB NET at an early stage, as the primary tumor tends to be small and patients are asymptomatic until there is regional or distant metastasis, when they develop abdominal pain, partial obstruction, or bleeding and/or develop carcinoid syndrome. Despite this advanced presentation at the time of...
Opinion statement The incidence of metastatic pheochromocytoma (PHEO) and paraganglioma (PGL) may occur in as many as 35% of patients particularly with PGL and even more frequently in those with specific mutations. Biochemical, morphological, and molecular markers have been investigated for use in the distinction of benign from malignant PHEO/PGL. PHEO/PGL metastasizes via hematogenous or lymphatic routes and shows differences based on mutational status. The most common sites...
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Publication date: October 2020Source: European Journal of Cancer, Volume 138Author(s): Jeroen W.G. Derksen, Graham W. Warren, Karin Jordan, Stefan Rauh, Ruth Vera García, Deirdre O'Mahony, Samreen Ahmed, Peter Vuylsteke, Sinisa Radulovic, Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Piotr J. Wysocki, Markus Borner, Alvydas Cesas, Anneli Elme, Heikki Minn, Gustav J. Ullenhag, Jeanine M.L. Roodhart, Miriam Koopman, Anne M. May
Publication date: October 2020Source: European Journal of Cancer, Volume 138Author(s): Alice Boilève, Astrid De Cuyper, Alicia Larive, Linda Mahjoubi, Milan Najdawi, Mélodie Tazdait, Maximiliano Gelli, Lambros Tselikas, Cristina Smolenschi, David Malka, Jean-Pierre Pignon, Michel Ducreux, Valérie Boige
Publication date: October 2020Source: European Journal of Cancer, Volume 138Author(s): Jacopo Giuliani, Andrea Bonetti
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Publication date: Available online 29 August 2020Source: European Journal of Surgical OncologyAuthor(s): Gianfranco Gallino, Andrea Maurichi, Roberto Patuzzo, Ilaria Mattavelli, Consuelo Barbieri, Andrea Leva, Barbara Valeri, Mara Cossa, Carlotta Galeone, Claudio Pelucchi, Mario Santinami
Publication date: Available online 29 August 2020Source: European Journal of Surgical OncologyAuthor(s): Olivia Sgarbura, Laurent Villeneuve, Mohammad Alyami, Naoual Bakrin, Juan José Torrent, Clarisse Eveno, Martin Hübner, ISSPP PIPAC study group
Publication date: Available online 28 August 2020Source: European Journal of Surgical OncologyAuthor(s): Wen Liu, Xuejing Yan, Ruochuan Cheng
Publication date: Available online 28 August 2020Source: European Journal of Surgical OncologyAuthor(s): James Bundred, Sarah Michael, Sarah Bowers, Nicola Barnes, Yasmin Jauhari, Dafydd Plant, Thomas Maishman, Ramsey Cutress, Bernd Holleczek, David Dodwell, Nigel Bundred
Publication date: Available online 27 August 2020Source: European Journal of Surgical OncologyAuthor(s): Sorrentino Lorena, Serra Francesco, Cabry Francesca, Cautero Nicola, Zmora Osnat, Gelmini Roberta
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Through a weekly all-cause mortality surveillance system, we observed in France a major all-cause excess mortality from March to May 2020, concomitant with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic. The excess mortality was 25,030 deaths, mainly among elderly people. Five metropolitan regions were the most affected, particularly Île-de-France and the Grand-Est regions. Assessing the excess mortality related to COVID-19 is complex because of the potential protective effect of the lockdown period...
Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) changes over time and continuous monitoring provides insight on trends to inform both empirical treatment and public health action. Aims To survey trends in relative isolation frequency (RIF) and AMR among key bloodstream pathogens using data from the Greek Electronic System for the Surveillance of AMR (WHONET-Greece). Methods This observational study looked into routine susceptibility data of 50,488 blood culture isolates from hospitalised...
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Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
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Related Articles The long and winding road to effective immunotherapy in patients with adrenocortical carcinoma. Future Oncol. 2020 Aug 28;: Authors: Grisanti S, Cosentini D, Laganà M, Volta AD, Palumbo C, Massimo Tiberio GA, Sigala S, Berruti A PMID: 32857613 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Related Articles CD38 as immunomodulator in cancer. Future Oncol. 2020 Aug 28;: Authors: Li Y, Yang R, Chen L, Wu S Abstract CD38 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is widely expressed in a variety of human tissues and cells, especially those in the immune system. CD38 protein was previously considered as a cell activation marker, and today monoclonal antibodies targeting CD38 have witnessed great achievements in multiple myeloma and promoted...
Related Articles The use of multi-omics data and approaches in breast cancer immunotherapy: a review. Future Oncol. 2020 Aug 28;: Authors: Leung KL, Verma D, Azam YJ, Bakker E Abstract Breast cancer is projected to be the most common cancer in women in 2020 in the USA. Despite high remission rates treatment side effects remain an issue, hence the interest in novel approaches such as immunotherapies which aim to utilize patients' immune systems...
Related Articles Enteral nutritional support in patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma. Future Oncol. 2020 Aug 28;: Authors: Wang B, Jiang X, Tian D, Geng W Abstract Esophageal cancer patients are at a high risk of malnutrition. Both the disease itself and chemoradiotherapy will lead to the deterioration of nutritional status. The development of nutritional oncology promotes the application of enteral nutrition in tumor...
Related Articles Avelumab and axitinib combination therapy for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. Future Oncol. 2020 Aug 28;: Authors: Soleimani M, Nappi L, Kollmannsberger C Abstract Owing to an improved understanding of the immunobiological profile of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the past few years have ushered in significant changes in systemic therapies for advanced stage RCC. First-line treatment with single agent tyrosine kinase...
Related Articles Sequential afatinib and osimertinib in patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer: final analysis of the GioTag study. Future Oncol. 2020 Aug 28;: Authors: Hochmair MJ, Morabito A, Hao D, Yang CT, Soo RA, Yang JC, Gucalp R, Halmos B, Märten A, Cufer T Abstract Aim: Final overall survival (OS) and time on treatment analysis of patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received...
Related Articles Systematic literature review of clinical outcomes in adults with metastatic or advanced synovial sarcoma. Future Oncol. 2020 Aug 27;: Authors: Kogushi K, LoPresti M, Ikeda S Abstract Background: Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare, aggressive soft tissue sarcoma with a poor prognosis after metastasis. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the clinical evidence for therapeutic options for adults with metastatic...
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Abstract The association between breast cancer risk defined by the Tyrer‐Cuzick score (TC) and disease prognosis is not well established. Here, we investigated the relationship between 5‐year TC and disease aggressiveness, and characterized underlying molecular processes. In a case‐only study (n = 2474), we studied the association of TC with molecular subytpes and tumor characteristics. In a subset of patients (n = 672), we correlated gene expression to TC and computed a low‐risk TC‐expression profile...
Abstract We investigated occurrence and management of therapy‐related hematological disorders (tr‐HDs) in women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) exposed to PARP‐inhibitors (PARPi), after previous chemotherapy. We analyzed 130 consecutive EOC patients treated with PARPi at the European Institute of Oncology, Milan. In line with the literature, overall survival of the entire population was 37% at 5.5 yrs (89% were advanced stages). Cell blood counts were collected prior to start PARPi, at each...
Abstract Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are intracranial tumors associated with significant morbidity due to hormonal dysregulation, mass effects and have a heavy treatment burden. Growth hormone (GH)‐secreting PAs (somatotropinomas) cause acromegaly‐gigantism. Genetic forms of somatotropinomas due to germline AIP mutations (AIPmut+) have an early onset and are aggressive and resistant to treatment with somatostatin analogs (SSAs), including octreotide. The molecular underpinnings of these clinical features...
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Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, Ahead of Print.
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Lysine succinylation is an emerging posttranslational modification that has garnered increased attention recently, but its role in gastric cancer (GC) remains underexplored.
A number of novel anticancer drugs have been developed in recent years. However, the mortality of cancer patients remains high because of the emergence of drug resistance. It was reported that drug resistance ...
The Covid-19 pandemic has challenged hard the national health systems worldwide. According to the national policy issued in March 2020 in response to the evolving Covid-19 pandemic, several hospitals were re-c...
The platinum-based chemotherapy is the first-line regimen for the treatment of Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the therapeutic efficiency is largely limited by tenacious chemo-insensitivity that r...
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Abstract Introduction This study proposes contouring recommendations for radiation treatment planning target volumes and organs-at-risk (OARs) for both low grade and high grade gliomas. Methods Ten cases consisting of 5 glioblastomas and 5 grade II or III gliomas, including their respective gross tumor volume (GTV), clinical target volume (CTV), and...
Abstract Introduction WHO grades II (atypical) and III (malignant) meningiomas are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The role of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) in management remains controversial. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of adjuvant RT on 5-year survival in patients with atypical and malignant meningiomas. We secondarily aimed to assess contemporary practice patterns and the impact of sociodemographic...
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Abstract ObjectivesTools have been developed to assess the existence and intensity of fatalistic beliefs. Causal attributions of cancer, referring to the foundation for fatalistic views of cancer as being predetermined or reflecting an unavoidable death, are lacking. The aim was to develop and validate the Fatalistic Causal Attributions of Cancer Questionnaire, a measurement tool for studying the causal attributions of cancer.MethodsThree‐phase study. Phase I: Item extraction and development based...
Abstract BackgroundA sense of place (SOP) is defined as the emotional bonds, values, meaning, and symbols attached to a place.AimsTo assess SOP of patients with cancer during end‐of‐life care at home (home‐hospice service) versus at a hospital in relation to place of care, social support, and emotional distress.MethodsParticipants were 150, stage IV, cancer patients with a life expectancy of less than 6 months, as defined by oncological staff, who were not receiving any life‐prolonging care. Seventy‐five...
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Treatment for locally recurrent rectal cancer after surgery is still a challenge. With the physical and biological advantages, carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) could be a choice for these patients. The purpose o...
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With great interest, we read the article by Schmeel et al published recently in the Radiotherapy and Oncology [1]. We appreciate their effort to introduce objective assessment system in randomized controlled trial. We also agree to the opinion that the assessment of radiation dermatitis performed by physician-assessed subjective dermatitis scorings by visual inspections, might be sufficient in clinical routines, however, such subjective assessments were shown to be compromised by intra-evaluator...
Franco and colleagues [1] have explored an important and interesting article on the relationship between professional quality of life and burnout among radiation oncologists with alexithymia and empathy. They conclude that alexithymic characteristics increased burnout risk with less professional satisfaction based on their research data. I would differ from this conclusion of the authors by reinterpreting their study findings. The authors present (see table 2 of Franco et al. [1]), that 107 subjects...
We would like to thank Dr Chaturvedi for his interest and comments on our recent publication exploring the role of alexithymia and empathy on the professional quality of life of radiation oncologists [1,2]. He expressed his viewpoint on the role of alexithymia in the likelihood to develop burnout and secondary traumatic stress and provide a different conclusion by reinterpreting the findings of our study. In particular, Dr Chaturvedi expressed his concerns about the fact that a higher number of non-alexithymic...
Approximately 20% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients present with stage IV disease [1]. Of those that present at an early stage and are treated radically, 20-30% will go on to develop metastatic disease [2,3]. Systemic therapy is the main treatment for metastases given the proven survival benefit, however metastasis directed therapy is increasingly being used to manage metastatic deposits in an attempt to achieve long term benefit [4]. Aggressive management of patients who have unresectable liver...
Older age is the most prevalent primary risk factor for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) [1,2]. Of approximately 1,286 new cases of early OCSCC (E-OCSCC) diagnosed annually in Taiwan, 22.51% are diagnosed in older patients (typically defined as aged ≥65 years, although this varies between studies) [3]. The wide spectrum of patients in the “older” population, which can be defined based on both biological age and functional status, presents a practical challenge for establishing treatment...
The incidence of hypopharyngeal and supraglottic cancer (HSC) is high in Japan and accounts for 27% of all head and neck cancers (HNCs) [1]. Hypopharyngeal and supraglottic cancers present similar characteristics including close proximity to each other and high rate of lymph node metastasis [2]. The main laryngeal preservation approach for HSC is radiotherapy (RT). Dysphagia in patients with HNC treated with RT is a serious late side effect [3–9]. Severe dysphagia may lead to aspiration pneumonia...
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world studies reflect two directions of the pragmatic attitude of research [1]. The term “pragmatic attitude” was introduced by Schwartz and Lellouch half a century ago, defining two distinct approaches (explanatory and pragmatic) to performing medical research [1]. A high-quality RCT is the most commonly recommended evidence to guide anti-cancer strategies, as it measures the efficacy of a particular treatment in an ideal setting (explanatory) and is...
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Molecular analysis of RNA through hybridization with sequence-specific probes is challenging due to the intrinsic ability of RNA molecules to form stable secondary and tertiary structures. To overcome the energy barrier towards the probe-RNA complex formation, the probes are made of artificial nucleotides, which are more expensive than their natural counterparts and may still be inefficient. Here, we propose the use of a multicomponent probe based on an RNA-cleaving deoxyribozyme for the analysis...
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Publication date: Available online 29 August 2020Source: Seminars in OncologyAuthor(s): Nicholas P. McAndrew, Richard S. Finn
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