Oral Oncol. 2019 Oct 21:104449. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104449. [Epub ahead of print]
Co-occurrence of Warthin's tumor with oral squamous cell carcinoma - Overlapping risk factors and implications.
Harshada B1, Karishma Madhusudan D2, Alka Dinesh K1, Punnya A1, Seema H1, Rebekah C1.
Author information
1
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, KLE VK Institute of Dental Sciences, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research [KLE University], Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, India.
2
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, KLE VK Institute of Dental Sciences, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research [KLE University], Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, India. Electronic address: drdesaikarishma@gmail.com.
KEYWORDS:
Head and neck; Lymph node; Risk factors; Squamous cell carcinoma; Warthin’s Tumor

PMID: 31648865 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104449
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Select item 31648864
82.
Oral Oncol. 2019 Oct 21:104440. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104440. [Epub ahead of print]
Innovations in risk-stratification and treatment of Veterans with oropharynx cancer; roadmap of the 2019 Field Based Meeting.
Sandulache VC1, Lei YL2, Heasley LE3, Chang M4, Amos CI5, Sturgis EM6, Graboyes E7, Chiao EY8, Rogus-Pulia N9, Lewis J10, Madabhushi A11, Frederick MJ12, Sabichi A13, Ittmann M14, Yarbrough WG15, Chung CH16, Ferrarotto R17, Mai W18, Skinner HD19, Duvvuri U20, Gerngross P21, Sikora AG22.
Author information
1
Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; ENT Section, Operative Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States. Electronic address: vlad.sandulache@bcm.edu.
2
Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
3
Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO, United States.
4
Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States.
5
Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
6
Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
7
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States.
8
Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States.
9
Speech Pathology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, WI, United States; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States.
10
Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.
11
Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States; Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States.
12
Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
13
Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Medical Care Line, Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States.
14
Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Pathology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States.
15
Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
16
Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States.
17
Department of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
18
Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Radiation Oncology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States.
19
Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
20
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; ENT Section, Operative Care Line, Pittsburgh Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
21
Dental Service Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States.
22
Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; ENT Section, Operative Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States. Electronic address: Andrew.Sikora@bcm.edu.
KEYWORDS:
HPV; Oropharynx; Radiation; Tobacco; Tumor immune microenvironment; Veteran

PMID: 31648864 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104440
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Select item 31648863
83.
Oral Oncol. 2019 Oct 21:104451. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104451. [Epub ahead of print]
Immediate deltopectoral flap salvage of a failing anterolateral thigh free flap.
Varghese BT1, Arora S2.
Author information
1
Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Surgical Services, Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, Kerala 695011, India. Electronic address: bipintv@gmail.com.
2
Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Surgical Services, Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, Kerala 695011, India.
PMID: 31648863 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104451
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Publication type
Select item 31648859
84.
J Voice. 2019 Oct 21. pii: S0892-1997(19)30334-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.09.012. [Epub ahead of print]
Vocal Characteristics of Patients With Morbid Obesity.
Bosso JR1, Martins RHG2, Pessin ABB1, Tavares ELM1, Leite CV3, Naresse LE3.
Author information
1
Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
2
Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.. Electronic address: rmartins@fmb.unesp.br.
3
Department of Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
Obesity modifies vocal characteristics, causing abnormal fat deposition in the abdominal region and upper airways. For some authors the voice of the obese is not different from nonobese and the vocal symptoms are scarce; for others dysphonia in obese is reported by 70% of them and the voice becomes hoarse, breathy, and unstable.

OBJECTIVE:
To characterize the voice of patients with morbid obesity.

METHODS:
Two groups were included: Obese (n-27), aged between 26 and 59 years, selected for bariatric surgery; Control (n-27), matched in age, with ideal weight for height.

PARAMETERS:
Vocal self-assessment (Vocal Disadvantage Index-IDV and Quality of Life and Voice-QVV); Perceptual-auditory vocal evaluation (GRBASI scale), maximum phonation time; Acoustic vocal analysis and Videolaryngoscopic exams.

RESULTS:
In obese, the most frequent symptoms were gastroesophageal and hoarseness. The vocal self-evaluation did not record any relevant complaints in both groups. In obese, the perceptual-auditory voice evaluations indicated significant changes in R (roughness), B (breathiness), I (instability), and S (tension) parameters. Acoustic vocal analysis recorded changes in the noise-harmonic ratio (NHR) and soft phonation index (SPI) parameters. The videolaryngoscopy examinations showed, in control and obese groups, respectively: normal: 92.5% and 55.5%; posterior pachydermia: 11.1% and 33.3%; mid-posterior bowing: 0% and 7.4%; edema/congestion: 0% and 7.40%.

CONCLUSION:
The voice of the obese becomes discreetly hoarse, breathless, and unstable. The most frequent videolaryngoscopic findings in obese patients are hyperemia and edema of vocal folds and posterior pachydermia, related to acid laryngitis, secondary to gastroesophageal reflux.

Copyright © 2019 The Voice Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

KEYWORDS:
Bariatric surgery—Dysphonia—Hoarseness—Obesity—Voice

PMID: 31648859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.09.012
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Select item 31648835
85.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2019 Sep 24. pii: S0022-5223(19)32035-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.09.042. [Epub ahead of print]
Commentary: Neoadjuvant checkpoint inhibitors in resectable non-small cell lung cancer-Ready for prime time?
Sepesi B1, Cascone T2.
Author information
1
Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex. Electronic address: bsepesi@mdanderson.org.
2
Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex.
PMID: 31648835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.09.042
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Publication type
Select item 31648824
86.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2019 Oct 21. pii: S0030-6665(19)30170-7. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2019.09.003. [Epub ahead of print]
Central Effects of Cranial Nerve Stimulation.
Kohlberg GD1, Samy RN2.
Author information
1
Division of Otology and Neurotology, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 356161, Seattle, WA 98195 - 6161, USA.
2
Division of Otology/Neurotology, Neurotology Fellowship, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Neurosensory Disorders Center at University of Cincinnati Gardner Neuroscience Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 213 Albert Sabin, Way, MSB 6009C, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0528, USA. Electronic address: ravi.samy@uc.edu.
Abstract
The current literature on peripheral cranial nerve stimulation for the purpose of achieving therapeutic effects via altering brain activity is reviewed. Vagus nerve stimulation, which is approved for use in refractory epilepsy, is the most extensively studied cranial nerve stimulator that has direct impact on the central nervous system. Despite the recognized central effects of peripheral cranial nerve stimulation, the mechanism of action for all indications remains incompletely understood. Further research on both mechanisms and indications of central effects of cranial nerve stimulation has the potential to alleviate burden of disease in a large array of conditions.

Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

KEYWORDS:
Central processing; Central reorganization; Cochlear implant; Cortical adaptation; Hearing loss; Vagal nerve stimulation

PMID: 31648824 DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2019.09.003
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Select item 31648822
87.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2019 Oct 21. pii: S0030-6665(19)30182-3. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2019.09.015. [Epub ahead of print]
The Impact and Evolution of Cranial Nerve Stimulators in Otolaryngology.
Naples JG1, Ruckenstein MJ2.
Author information
1
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 110 Francis Street, Suite E, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: Jnaples513@gmail.com.
2
University of Pennsylvania Health System, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 3400 Spruce Street, 5 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: Michael.ruckenstein@uphs.upenn.edu.
PMID: 31648822 DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2019.09.015
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Select item 31648821
88.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2019 Oct 21. pii: S0030-6665(19)30172-0. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2019.09.005. [Epub ahead of print]
Auditory Brainstem Implantation: Candidacy Evaluation, Operative Technique, and Outcomes.
Deep NL1, Roland JT Jr2.
Author information
1
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, 550 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
2
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, 550 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address: J.Thomas.RolandJr@nyulangone.org.
Abstract
Auditory brainstem implants (ABIs) stimulate the auditory system at the cochlear nucleus, bypassing the peripheral auditory system including the auditory nerve. They are used in patients who are not cochlear implant candidates. Current criteria for use in the United States are neurofibromatosis type 2 patients 12 years or older undergoing first- or second-side vestibular schwannoma removal. However, there are other nontumor conditions in which patients may benefit from an ABI, such as bilateral cochlear nerve aplasia and severe cochlear malformation not amendable to cochlear implantation. Recent experience with ABI in the pediatric population demonstrates good safety profile and encouraging results.

Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

KEYWORDS:
Auditory brainstem implant; Auditory nerve; Auditory prosthesis; Electric stimulation; Hearing loss; Neurofibromatosis type 2

PMID: 31648821 DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2019.09.005
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Select item 31648572
89.
Nutr Cancer. 2019 Oct 24:1-14. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1681480. [Epub ahead of print]
Radiosensitizing Potential of Curcumin in Different Cancer Models.
Sak K1.
Author information
1
NGO Praeventio , Tartu , Estonia.
Abstract
Over the past decades, studies of phytochemicals as modifiers of radiotherapeutic efficacy have become increasingly popular to improve the treatment outcome of human malignancies. In the current comprehensive review article, radiosensitizing effects of curcumin, a yellow-colored polyphenolic constituent of turmeric, in various preclinical cancer models, both In Vitro and In Vivo, are presented. Attenuation of radioadaptation and augmentation of irradiation-induced cancer cell killing are achieved through multifaceted action of curcumin on suppression of prosurvival and antiapoptotic factors. Most importantly, curcumin can block radiation-triggered NF-κB signaling pathway and downregulate downstream effector proteins, thereby conferring potentiation of radioresponses. Based on the elucidated molecular mechanisms but also due to its safety profile and low cost, curcumin might be considered a promising adjuvant agent to enhance radiotherapeutic efficacy in the treatment of various cancer types formed in different human organ systems. Further efforts to translate the current preclinical knowledge to the real application of curcumin in combinatorial radiotherapeutic strategies in clinical settings are necessary. Abbreviations AKT protein kinase B ARMS alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma ATM ataxia telangiectasia mutated Bax Bcl-2-associated X protein Bcl-2 B-cell lymphoma 2 CDC2 cyclin-dependent kinase 2 Bcl-xL B-cell lymphoma-extra large c-FLIP cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein CDDP cisplatin COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2 cyt c cytochrome c DNA-PKcs DNA-dependent protein kinase EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase ES Ewing`s sarcoma ETS2 erythroblastosis virus transcription factor 2 GBM glioblastoma multiforme HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HNSCC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma IAP inhibitor of apoptosis protein IκBα inhibitor of κB alpha IKK inhibitor of κB kinase IR ionizing radiation lncRNA long non-coding RNA luc luciferase Mcl-1 myeloid cell leukemia-1 MDR1 multidrug resistance protein 1 miR microRNA MMP-9 matrix metalloproteinase-9 mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin NB neuroblastoma NF-κB nuclear factor-κB NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer OSCC oral squamous cell carcinoma PARP poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase pH2AX phosphorylated histone 2AX-immunoreactive PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Prp4K Pre-mRNA processing factor 4 kinase RCC renal cell carcinoma ROS reactive oxygen species SCC squamous cell carcinoma SLN solid lipid nanoparticle SOD2 superoxide dismutase 2 TERT telomerase reverse transcriptase TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α TxnRd1 thioredoxin reductase-1 VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor XIAP X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein ΔΨm mitochondrial membrane potential.

PMID: 31648572 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1681480
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Select item 31648191
90.
Multisens Res. 2019 Jan 1;32(8):745-770. doi: 10.1163/22134808-20191430.
Ventriloquist Illusion Produced With Virtual Acoustic Spatial Cues and Asynchronous Audiovisual Stimuli in Both Young and Older Individuals.
Stawicki M1,2, Majdak P3, Başkent D1,2.
Author information
1
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology / Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
2
2Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Research School of Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences (BCN), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
3
3Acoustics Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
Abstract
Ventriloquist illusion, the change in perceived location of an auditory stimulus when a synchronously presented but spatially discordant visual stimulus is added, has been previously shown in young healthy populations to be a robust paradigm that mainly relies on automatic processes. Here, we propose ventriloquist illusion as a potential simple test to assess audiovisual (AV) integration in young and older individuals. We used a modified version of the illusion paradigm that was adaptive, nearly bias-free, relied on binaural stimulus representation using generic head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) instead of multiple loudspeakers, and tested with synchronous and asynchronous presentation of AV stimuli (both tone and speech). The minimum audible angle (MAA), the smallest perceptible difference in angle between two sound sources, was compared with or without the visual stimuli in young and older adults with no or minimal sensory deficits. The illusion effect, measured by means of MAAs implemented with HRTFs, was observed with both synchronous and asynchronous visual stimulus, but only with tone and not speech stimulus. The patterns were similar between young and older individuals, indicating the versatility of the modified ventriloquist illusion paradigm.

KEYWORDS:
Audiovisual integration; aging; head-related transfer function; minimum audible angle; ventriloquist illusion

PMID: 31648191 DOI: 10.1163/22134808-20191430
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Select item 31648166
91.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Oct 21;120:109508. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109508. [Epub ahead of print]
TRIP13 interference inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of thyroid cancer cells through regulating TTC5/p53 pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition related genes expression.
Yu L1, Xiao Y2, Zhou X3, Wang J4, Chen S5, Peng T6, Zhu X7.
Author information
1
Department of Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China. Electronic address: yuleitao2019@163.com.
2
Department of Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China. Electronic address: xiaoyong112238@126.com.
3
Department of Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China. Electronic address: 849351604@qq.com.
4
Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Jingan County, Yichun, Jiangxi, 330699, China. Electronic address: 2034482681@qq.com.
5
Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Nanchang County, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330200, China. Electronic address: 415029286@qq.com.
6
Department of General Surgery, Yongxiu County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, 330300, China. Electronic address: 1196977857@qq.com.
7
Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China. Electronic address: zxg2008vip@126.com.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of interfering thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein 13 (TRIP13) expression on the proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis of thyroid cancer (TC) cells and the involved mechanisms. RT-PCR, immunohistochemical analysis and western blot found that compared with normal tissues, the expressions of TRIP13 and N-cadherin in TC tissues were significantly increased, while the expressions of tetratricopeptide repeat protein 5 (TTC5), p-p53 and E-cadherin were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). RT-PCR and western blot revealed that compared with C643 cells, TRIP13 expression in TPC1 cells and BHT101 cells increased significantly (P < 0.05). Therefore, TPC1 cells and BHT101 cells were selected for subsequent experiments. Interference efficiency of TRIP13 interference sequences (sh-TRIP13) was verified by RT-PCR and western blot. After sh-TRIP13 transfection, cell viability and migration rates of cells at 24 h and 48 h decreased significantly (P < 0.05); the number of S phase cells increased remarkably, while the number of G1 and G2 phase cells decreased significantly (P < 0.05); cell apoptosis was enhanced sharply (P < 0.05); cell numbers in the lower chamber of Transwell assay were reduced significantly (P < 0.05). RT-PCR and western blot found that compared with the Control group, expressions of TTC5 and E-cadherin in sh-TRIP13 group were elevated sharply, while N-cadherin expression decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with the Control group, sh-TRIP13 transfection elevated the ratio of p-p53 expression to p53 expression (p-p53/p53) remarkably (P < 0.05). In conclusion, TRIP13 interference inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of thyroid cancer cells through regulating TTC5/p53 pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition related genes expression.

Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.

KEYWORDS:
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition; TRIP13; TTC5; Thyroid cancer; Tumor metastasis; p53

PMID: 31648166 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109508
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Select item 31648159
92.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2019 Oct 15;128:109731. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.109731. [Epub ahead of print]
Long-term swallowing outcomes following type 1 laryngeal cleft injection.
Miller AL1, Caloway C2, Hersh CJ3, Hartnick CJ4.
Author information
1
Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
2
Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
3
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
4
Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: Christopher_Hartnick@meei.harvard.edu.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
Interarytenoid injection augmentation (IIA) during initial diagnostic endoscopy for aspiration and dysphagia has been described as both a diagnostic and therapeutic technique in the evaluation of type 1 laryngeal cleft (LC-1). IIA is additionally hypothesized to be a temporizing measure that facilitates improvement of swallowing function and potentially obviates the need for future formal endoscopic suture repair of LC-1. However, long-term (>6 month) outcomes of IIA for LC-1 remain largely unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of IIA on long-term swallowing outcomes and need for formal endoscopic suture repair in patients with LC-1.

METHODS:
This is a retrospective cohort study of patients age ≤24 months with pharyngeal phase dysphagia on preoperative videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) who underwent IIA for LC-1 during diagnostic laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy at a single tertiary care academic subspecialty hospital from June 2017 to May 2018. Included patients underwent VFSS within 30 days of IIA and had documented SLP follow up at 6 months or more post-procedure. Exclusion criteria included prior cleft repair, gastrostomy tube dependence, additional procedures at the time of IIA, or lack of documented follow up. A total of 34 patients underwent LC-1 during study period with 24 included in final analyses. The primary outcome measure was improvement in safely swallowed consistency at 6 months or greater following injection. Secondary outcomes included need for formal suture LC-1 repair following IIA and comparison of 30-day and long-term swallowing function.

RESULTS:
Median [range] age at injection was 15.3 [10.3-19.1] months and 50% were female (n = 12). Improvement was noted in 12 (50%) patients within 30 days of IIA, with 11 of 12 demonstrating sustained improvement at long-term follow up (10.3 [9.3-14.0] months). Among all patients, 15 of 24 (63%) demonstrated improvement compared to preoperative baseline. Six of 24 (25%) required formal suture repair of LC-1.

CONCLUSIONS:
IIA is a safe procedure that may result in both immediate and long-term improvement in dysphagia in select patients with LC-1. Additional studies are required to determine impact of IIA on pulmonary complications and hospital utilization and as well as patient- and caregiver-related outcome measures.

Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

KEYWORDS:
Dysphagia; Injection laryngoplasty; Interarytenoid injection augmentation; Laryngeal cleft; Swallowing

PMID: 31648159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.109731
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Select item 31648099
93.
Eur J Cancer. 2019 Oct 21;123:36-47. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.08.017. [Epub ahead of print]
Patritumab or placebo, with cetuximab plus platinum therapy in recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: A randomised phase II study.
Forster MD1, Dillon MT2, Kocsis J3, Remenár É4, Pajkos G5, Rolland F6, Greenberg J7, Harrington KJ8.
Author information
1
Department of Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute/University College London Hospitals, London, UK.
2
Head and Neck Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital/Institute of Cancer Research, National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Center, London, UK.
3
Oncology Department, Debrecen University Clinical Center, Debrecen, Hungary; Department of Oncoradiology, Bács-kiskun County Teaching Hospital (BKMK) Centre of Oncoradiology, Kecskemét, Hungary.
4
Hospitalier Order of Saint John of God Hospital Buda, Budapest, Hungary.
5
Department of Oncoradiology, Bács-kiskun County Teaching Hospital (BKMK) Centre of Oncoradiology, Kecskemét, Hungary.
6
Department of Medical Oncology, Institut de Cancerologie de l'Ouest (ICO) - Site René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France.
7
Research and Development Oncology, Daiichi Sankyo, Edison, NJ, USA.
8
Head and Neck Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital/Institute of Cancer Research, National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Center, London, UK. Electronic address: Kevin.Harrington@icr.ac.uk.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The fully human monoclonal antibody patritumab blocks HER3 activation, a resistance mechanism to cetuximab, induced by heregulin (HRG). A phase Ib study in recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) demonstrated tolerability and tumour response of patritumab + cetuximab + platinum.

METHODS:
This was a randomised, double-blind, phase II study of patritumab + cetuximab with platinum-based therapy for first-line treatment of R/M SCCHN (Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02633800). Patients aged ≥18 years received patritumab or placebo, both combined with cetuximab + cisplatin or carboplatin. Co-primary end-points were progression-free survival (PFS) in the intent-to-treat (ITT) and the high-expression HRG (HRG high) populations.

RESULTS:
Eighty-seven patients (n = 43 in the patritumab group; n = 44 in placebo group) enrolled. A median (range) of 6.5 (1-24) patritumab cycles were completed. Median PFS was similar between the patritumab group and placebo group in the ITT population (5.6 versus 5.5 months; hazard ratio [HR] 0.99 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.6-1.7]; P = 0.96) and HRG-high subgroup (n = 51; 5.6 versus 5.6 months; HR 0.93 [95% CI, 0.5-1.8]; P = 0.82). Median overall survival in the ITT population was also similar (10.0 versus 12.7 months; HR 1.3 [95% CI, 0.69-2.29]; P = 0.46). All patients experienced ≥1 treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE). Grade ≥III TEAEs were more frequent in the patritumab than the placebo group (84.1% versus 60.5%). The most common grade ≥III patritumab-related TEAE in the patritumab group (20.5% overall) was rash (6.8%).

CONCLUSION:
Patritumab + cetuximab + platinum was tolerable but not superior to cetuximab + platinum.

Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

KEYWORDS:
Cetuximab; Clinical trial; Heregulin; Metastatic; Patritumab; Phase II; Recurrence; Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

PMID: 31648099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.08.017
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Secondary source ID
Select item 31647524
94.
JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2019 Oct 24. doi: 10.1001/jamafacial.2019.0884. [Epub ahead of print]
The Tripod Concept of the Upper Nasal Third.
Hetzler L1, Givens V1, Sykes J2.
Author information
1
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University, New Orleans.
2
Department of Facial Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento.
Abstract
IMPORTANCE:
The tripod theory of the upper nasal third parallels the concept of the well-known nasal tip tripod. We are evaluating the idea that one can simply alter the upper nasal angles reliably without the complex physics associated with the nasal tip to achieve a pleasing cosmetic result.

OBJECTIVE:
To describe a concept related to the well-known tripod theory with extrapolation to the upper nasal third as it pertains to cosmetic rhinoplasty.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
This is a prospective study in which lateral photographs of 3 women who had not undergone surgery (age range, 20-50 years) were selected for digital manipulation of the nasal radix with subsequent alteration of the nasofrontal and nasofacial angles via imaging software. The altered images were analyzed by 20 blinded individuals between July 2009 and June 2017 to assess how changes in the height of the nasal dorsum and radix alone affect nasal appearance and the perception of ideal nasal angles. The study took place at a tertiary center, and the patients chosen for evaluation had nasal architecture that only required subtle changes rather than structure that demonstrated glaringly obvious overprojection or underprojection and rotation or a large dorsal bony hump. Analysis began June 2018.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
Overall trend in recognition of objective and subjective alterations in projection and rotation for the rhinoplasty- and non-rhinoplasty-trained evaluators.

RESULTS:
Ten medically trained and 10 lay individuals (13 women [65%]; mean [SD] age, 38 [8.6] years) analyzed digitally manipulated photographs of 3 women (age range, 20-50 years) who had not undergone surgery. Lay individuals were more likely to choose an ideal nasal profile based on surrounding facial architecture (28 of 30 [93%]), while individuals with rhinoplasty training tended to separate the ideal nose from the surrounding face (18 of 30 [60%]) (P < .001). Projection was consistently and accurately recognized as being altered by both rhinoplasty-trained and lay individuals (95% CI, -0.18 to 0.38; P = .60 and 95% CI, -0.26 to 0.33; P > .99 for most and least projected), whereas subjective changes in rotation were significantly more elusive to the lay individual (95% CI, -0.04 to 0.52; P = .12 and 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.65; P = .01 for most and least rotated).

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:
Predictable and consistent aesthetic results are the primary aim in rhinoplasty. Alterations in the upper nasal tripod are more reliable with extrapolated healing than with the tripod of the nasal tip. Ultimately, simple alteration of the upper nasal third can result in an improved nasal profile without specific alteration of tip architecture.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
NA.

PMID: 31647524 DOI: 10.1001/jamafacial.2019.0884
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95.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019 Oct 24:1-6. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2019.3073. [Epub ahead of print]
Machine Learning by Ultrasonography for Genetic Risk Stratification of Thyroid Nodules.
Daniels K1, Gummadi S2,3, Zhu Z4, Wang S2, Patel J5, Swendseid B5, Lyshchik A2, Curry J5, Cottrill E5, Eisenbrey J2.
Author information
1
Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
2
Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
3
Department of Surgery, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania.
4
Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
5
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Abstract
IMPORTANCE:
Thyroid nodules are common incidental findings. Ultrasonography and molecular testing can be used to assess risk of malignant neoplasm.

OBJECTIVE:
To examine whether a model developed through automated machine learning can stratify thyroid nodules as high or low genetic risk by ultrasonography imaging alone compared with stratification by molecular testing for high- and low-risk mutations.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
This diagnostic study was conducted at a single tertiary care urban academic institution and included patients (n = 121) who underwent ultrasonography and molecular testing for thyroid nodules from January 1, 2017, through August 1, 2018. Nodules were classified as high risk or low risk on the basis of results of an institutional molecular testing panel for thyroid risk genes. All thyroid nodules that underwent genetic sequencing for cytological results with Bethesda System categories III and IV were reviewed. Patients without diagnostic ultrasonographic images within 6 months of fine-needle aspiration or who received definitive treatment at an outside medical center were excluded.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
Thyroid nodules were categorized by the model as high risk or low risk using ultrasonographic images. Results were compared using genetic testing.

RESULTS:
Among the 134 lesions identified in 121 patients (mean [SD] age, 55.7 [14.2] years; 102 women [84.3%]), 683 diagnostic ultrasonographic images were selected. Of the 683 images, 556 (81.4%) were used for training the model, 74 (10.8%) for validation, and 53 (7.8%) for testing. Most nodules had no mutation (75 [56.0%]), whereas 43 nodules (32.1%) had a high-risk mutation and 16 (11.9%) had an unknown or a low-risk mutation (χ2 = 39.060; P < .001). In total, 228 images (33.4%) were of nodules classified as genetically high risk (n = 43), and 455 (66.6%) were of low-risk nodules (n = 91). The model performed with a sensitivity of 45% (95% CI, 23.1%-68.5%), a specificity of 97% (95% CI, 84.2%-99.9%), a positive predictive value of 90% (95% CI, 55.2%-98.5%), a negative predictive value of 74.4% (95% CI, 66.1%-81.3%), and an overall accuracy of 77.4% (95% CI, 63.8%-97.7%).

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:
The study found that the model developed through automated machine learning could produce high specificity for identifying nodules with high-risk mutations on molecular testing. This finding shows promise for the diagnostic applications of machine learning interpretation of sonographic imaging of indeterminate thyroid nodules.

PMID: 31647509 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2019.3073
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96.
JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2019 Oct 24. doi: 10.1001/jamafacial.2019.1027. [Epub ahead of print]
Postoperative Antibiotic Use Among Patients Undergoing Functional Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.
Olds C1, Spataro E2, Li K1, Kandathil C1, Most SP1.
Author information
1
Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford Hospital and Clinics, Stanford, California.
2
Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri.
Abstract
IMPORTANCE:
Best practices for antibiotic use after facial plastic and reconstructive procedures have been the subject of much debate, and there is a need for large-scale data to guide further development of evidence-based guidelines for antibiotic use in this setting.

OBJECTIVE:
To assess patterns of postoperative antibiotic prescriptions and infection rates after nasal and oculoplastic procedures.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
A retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted using IBM MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental research databases of 294 039 patients who underwent facial plastic surgery procedures between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2015. Patients were excluded if they were younger than 18 years, lacked continuous insurance coverage for 1 year before and after the procedure, or underwent additional procedures on the surgery date of interest. Statistical analysis was performed from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2016.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
Primary outcomes were antibiotic prescription patterns in the immediate postoperative period and rates of postoperative infectious complications. Explanatory variables included patient demographics, procedure type, and relevant comorbidities, which were used in multivariable logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS:
Of the 294 039 patients who met inclusion criteria (55.9% women and 44.1% men; mean [SD] age, 54.0 [18.6 years]), 45.2% filled prescriptions for postoperative antibiotics, including 55.3% of patients undergoing nasal procedures and 14.7% of patients undergoing oculoplastic procedures. Superficial surgical site infections occurred in 1.6% of patients, while deep surgical site infections occurred in 0.3% of patients. On multivariable logistic regression, patients receiving postoperative antibiotics were at significantly decreased risk of postoperative infections (nasal procedures: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.144 [95% CI, 0.102-0.203]; oculoplastic procedures: aOR, 0.254 [95% CI, 0.104-0.622]) compared with those who did not receive postoperative antibiotics. Increased duration of postoperative antibiotics was not associated with reduced rates of infectious complications (nasal procedures: aOR, 1.000 [95% CI, 0.978-1.022]; oculoplastic procedures: aOR, 1.024 [95% CI, 0.959-01.092]). Despite being more likely to experience postoperative infections, patients with a history of tobacco use (aOR, 0.806 [95% CI, 0.747-0.870]), immunodeficiency (aOR, 0.774 [95% CI, 0.737-0.813]), or type 1 or 2 diabetes (aOR, 0.810 [95% CI, 0.772-0.850]) were less likely to be prescribed antibiotics than those without these conditions.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:
Postoperative antibiotic prescriptions were associated with reduced rates of infections after facial plastic surgery. This study highlights the role of population-level data in the development of best practices for postoperative antibiotic use and identifies the need for additional examination of antibiotic use patterns and recommendations for populations at increased risk for postoperative wound infection.

PMID: 31647506 DOI: 10.1001/jamafacial.2019.1027
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97.
Eur J Dermatol. 2019 Oct 23. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2019.3636. [Epub ahead of print]
Transglutaminase 3 is expressed in basal cell carcinoma of the skin.
Smirnov A1, Anemona L1, Montanaro M1, Mauriello A1, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M2, Campione E3, Melino G4, Candi E5.
Author information
1
Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
2
Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, 00163 Rome, Italy.
3
Department of Dermatology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
4
Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy, MRC-Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, UK.
5
Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, 00163 Rome, Italy.
Abstract
Transglutaminase 3 (TG3) belongs to a family of Ca2+-dependent enzymes which catalyse protein crosslinking. TG3 is important for proper development of the skin and hair shaft, and knock-out mice for the Tgm3 gene are sensitive to UVB-induced photodamage due to aberrations in cornified envelope formation. Loss of TG3 is reported in head and neck and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, yet, its expression in skin cancer has not been studied. The aim of the present study was to analyse the expression pattern of TG3 in skin cancer. TG3 expression was investigated based on immunohistochemical staining of a tissue micro-array of different types of skin cancer, as well as meta-analysis of public gene array data. Our findings demonstrated that TG3 is normally expressed in spinous/granular layers of the epidermis, but is absent in melanocytes as well as melanoma samples. As expected, its expression was absent in poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Surprisingly, we show that samples of basal cell carcinoma demonstrated strong staining for TG3 both in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Furthermore, at the mRNA level, the expression pattern of TGM3 was crucially altered in BCC, but not other types of skin cancer. These findings lead to new questions regarding TG3 involvement in basal cell carcinoma tumourigenesis. Moreover, the expression pattern of TG3 renders it a potential specific marker for basal cell carcinoma diagnosis.

KEYWORDS:
Transglutaminase 3; basal cell carcinoma; keratinocytes; melanoma; skin cancer; squamous cell carcinoma

PMID: 31647461 DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2019.3636
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98.
Br J Radiol. 2019 Oct 24:20190516. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20190516. [Epub ahead of print]
Re-irradiation with protons or heavy ions with focus on head and neck, skull base and brain malignancies.
Seidensaal K1,2,3,4, Harrabi SB1,2,3,4, Uhl M1,2,3,4, Debus J1,2,3,4,5,6.
Author information
1
Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
2
Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany.
3
National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany.
4
Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
5
Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
6
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Heidelberg, Germany.
Abstract
Re-irradiation can offer a potentially curative solution in case of progression after initial therapy, however a second course of radiotherapy can be associated with an increased risk of severe side-effects. Particle therapy with protons and especially carbon ions spares surrounding tissue better than most photon techniques, thus it is of high potential for re-irradiation. Irradiation of tumors of the brain, head and neck and skull bases involves several delicate risk organs, e.g. optic system, brainstem, salivary gland or swallowing muscles. Adequate local control rates with tolerable side-effects have been described for several tumors of these locations as meningioma, adenoid cyctic carcinoma, chordoma or chondrosarcoma and head and neck tumors. High life time doses nonetheless lead to a different scope of side-effects, e.g. an enhanced rate of carotid blow outs has been reported. This review summarizes the current data on particle irradiation of the aforementioned locations and malignancies.

PMID: 31647306 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20190516
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99.
Head Neck. 2019 Oct 24. doi: 10.1002/hed.25994. [Epub ahead of print]
Association between pathological invasion patterns and late lymph node metastases in patients with surgically treated clinical No early oral tongue carcinoma.
Hori Y1, Kubota A2, Yokose T3, Furukawa M2, Matsushita T4, Oridate N5.
Author information
1
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu Ueda Medical Center, Ueda, Japan.
2
Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan.
3
Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan.
4
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan.
5
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
This study evaluated the combination of tumor budding and depth (BD model) and worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) as histopathological prognostic factors in clinical N0 early oral tongue carcinoma.

METHODS:
Data from 62 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Associations between histopathological factors (differentiation, stage, lymphatic invasion, blood vessel invasion, WPOI, and BD model) and regional control (RC) or disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated.

RESULTS:
The five-year RC and DFS rates were 74% and 65%, respectively. Univariate analysis identified blood vessel invasion, lymphatic invasion, WPOI, and BD model, whereas multivariate analysis identified WPOI, and BD model, as predictive factors for RC. Univariate analysis identified lymphatic invasion, WPOI, and BD model, whereas multivariate analysis identified WPOI, as predictive factors for DFS.

CONCLUSION:
The pathological invasion patterns should be considered when determining the follow-up plan for patients with clinical N0 early oral tongue carcinoma.

© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

PMID: 31647162 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25994
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Select item 31647147
100.
Head Neck. 2019 Oct 24. doi: 10.1002/hed.25987. [Epub ahead of print]
Efficacy of EPA-enriched supplement compared with standard formula on body weight changes in malnourished patients with head and neck cancer undergone surgery: a randomized study.
Jantharapattana K1, Orapipatpong O.
Author information
1
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) containing nutritional supplement can reverse weight loss and increase lean body mass in a perioperative period of patients with head and neck cancer. To study effects of an EPA-enriched supplement compared with a conventional supplement in malnourished patients with head and neck cancer following surgery is primary objective.

METHODS:
The patients were randomized into EPA-enriched and standard formula group. The supplements were prescribed 7 days preoperative through 14 days postoperative. Body weight and composition including serum parameters were measured from 7 days preoperative until 4 months postoperative. The hospitalized courses were recorded.

RESULTS:
Thirty-one patients in each group consumed EPA-enriched and standard formula supplements. There was no significant body weight or composition changes perioperative. No significant differences in the hospitalized days and postoperative complications was observed.

CONCLUSIONS:
Body weight changes in malnourished patients with head and neck cancer following surgery were not influenced by EPA additives to perioperative nutritional supplements.

© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

KEYWORDS:
EPA-enriched; head and neck cancer; malnourished; supplement; surgery

PMID: 31647147 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25987