Publication date: Available online 28 October 2019Source: Journal of Genetics and GenomicsAuthor(s): Shuangquan Chen, Juan Zhang, Dongming Zhang, Jianwei JiaoAbstractIdentifying approaches for treating neurodegeneration is a thorny task but is important for a growing number of patients. Researchers have focused on discovering the underlying molecular mechanisms of reprogramming and optimizing the technologies for acquiring neurons. Direct conversion is one of the most important processes for treating...
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Title: Halloween Can Be Frightful for Kids With Allergies, AsthmaCategory: Health NewsCreated: 10/26/2019 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 10/28/2019 12:00:00 AM (Source: MedicineNet Allergies General)
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Introduction. Severe fecal incontinence describes a condition of complete loss of control over fundamental physiological functions and loss of abilities to fulfil psychosocial functions by the patients. The last-step procedure, that is, to restore hope for improvement of biopsychosocial functioning and quality of life determined by the patient’s health status is implantation of an artificial anal sphincter. Objective. The study was a comparative analysis of the effect of the employed surgical procedure...
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Publication date: Available online 29 October 2019Source: Journal of EthnopharmacologyAuthor(s): Xin Liu, Qing wang, Yiran Cui, Xianyu Li, Hongjun YangAbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of systematic descriptions and characterization of strokes and their effects in both the cerebral hippocampus and cortex. Shuxuetong (SXT) injection was reported to have good therapeutic effects in the clinic; therefore, it was selected as a drug intervention method for cerebral ischemia repair in rat models. The aim...
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The ancient Thracian endemic plant <em>Haberlea rhodopensis</em> Friv. And related species: A review
Publication date: Available online 29 October 2019Source: Journal of EthnopharmacologyAuthor(s): Yordan N. Georgiev, Manol H. Ognyanov, Petko N. DenevAbstractEthnopharmacological relevanceHaberlea rhodopensis (HR) use dates back to the Thracian and Roman periods. Bulgarians call it Orpheus flower and exploit its leaves for making tea and extracts with detoxifying, tonic, restorative and rejuvenating effects. HR was traditionally applied in wound healing and treatment of cattle diseases.Aim of the...
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Publication date: Available online 28 October 2019Source: Journal of EthnopharmacologyAuthor(s): Dey D, Jingar P, Agrawal S, Shrivastava V, Bhattacharya A, Manhas J, Garg B, M.T. Ansari, Mridha Ar, Sreenivas V, Khurana A, Sen SAbstractEthnopharmacological relevanceMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells possessing regenerative potential. Symphytum officinale (SO) is a medicinal plant and in homoeopathic literature, believed to accelerate bone healing.Aim of the studyThis study aimed...
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Publication date: Available online 28 October 2019Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Toshiaki Kawakami, Yu Kawakami
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Publication date: Available online 28 October 2019Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Nikita Markov, Hans-Uwe Simon
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Abstract Recently, the study of children has played an important role in the development of bioarchaeology. Particularly, researchers have long been concerned with the timing of growth and development, and with childhood morbidity and mortality. These studies have helped to drive the field of bioarchaeology forward by elucidating the effects of culture on biological variation, including health, fertility and, ultimately, human evolution. Building on this progress, recent works have called for further...
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Abstract During the archaeological excavations of a Christian monastic cemetery in northern Sudan, a double‐vaulted tomb was discovered housing the remains of three individuals, among them a 50+ year old female. The skeletal remains of this individual displayed significant asymmetry of the lower limbs, with apparent muscle atrophy and shortening of the left extremity, in combination with other symptoms suggestive of a neurogenic background of the condition. This paper presents a differential assessment,...
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Conclusion: The trajectory of change in metabolic profile of body fluids before and after surgical resection may have potential clinical applications in lung cancer screening, as biomarkers for disease recurrence and exploration of novel targets for therapeutic intervention. PMID: 31650068 [PubMed] (Source: Clinical Lung Cancer)
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Biosensors, Vol. 9, Pages 127: What Electrochemical Biosensors Can Do for Forensic Science? Unique Features and Applications Biosensors doi: 10.3390/bios9040127 Authors: Paloma Yáñez-Sedeño Lourdes Agüí Susana Campuzano José Manuel Pingarrón This article critically discusses the latest advances in the use of voltammetric, amperometric, potentiometric, and impedimetric biosensors for forensic analysis. Highlighted examples that show the advantages of these tools to develop methods...
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Abstract Background Little is known about the clinical phenotype of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in non-Caucasian populations. Here, we aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, prognostic factors and survival of Mexican patients with ALS. Methods We conducted a retrospective study by reviewing the medical records of patients with...
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Abstract Background Men treated for prostate cancer experience heightened psychological distress and have an increased risk of suicide. Management of this distress and risk is crucial for quality urological care. Objective To identify risk indicators for poorer trajectories of psychological adjustment and health‐related quality of life after surgery for localised prostate cancer. Design, Setting and Participants Patients were newly diagnosed with localised prostate cancer scheduled...
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Abstract Purpose To evaluate internet‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) on clinical depression and/or anxiety, distress, fear of cancer recurrence and quality of life in cancer survivors. Methods Random assignation of 114 participants to iCBT or Treatment‐as‐usual (TAU). The clinician‐supervised iCBT program (iCanADAPT Early) consisted of 8‐lessons over 16‐weeks. Self‐report questionnaires occurred at baseline, mid‐point, and post‐treatment for both groups with 3‐month follow‐up...
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Abstract Objective We examined the psychometric properties of a biopsychosocial screening tool “You, Your Family and City of Hope are a Team” implemented via touchpad technology (YYFcore03) at a cancer center in newly diagnosed patients and patients on active treatment, with the primary objective to evaluate concurrent validity with screening criterion measures of depression and anxiety. Methods YYFcore03, Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ‐9] and Generalized Anxiety Disorder [GAD‐7] were...
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Abstract Objective: To assess the impact of demographic characteristics and masculinities on seeking support for psychosocial care needs in men with prostate cancer. Method: Prostate cancer survivors (n=225) completed mail‐out surveys measuring psychological care needs, masculinities, and psychological and emotional help‐seeking intention and behaviour at six and 12‐month follow ups. Results: Older age was associated with seeking help from a GP, χ 2 (1,225) = 4.72, p = .03, and being born overseas...
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Abstract Aims Chronic Chagas disease (ChD) has high morbimortality and loss in quality of life due to heart failure (HF). Pharmaceutical care (PC) optimizes clinical treatment and can improve quality of life in HF. We evaluated if PC improves quality of life of patients with ChD and HF. Methods Single‐blinded, randomized, controlled trial that assigned adult patients with ChD and HF (81 patients; 61±11 years; 48% male) to PC (n=40) or standard care (n=41). Quality of life according to SF‐36...
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Abstract Aims A previous study suggested that a thymine (THY) challenge dose could detect aberrant pharmacokinetics in known cases of fluoropyrimidine toxicity compared with healthy volunteers. The preliminary data suggested that urine sampling also could detect this aberrant disposition. The aim of this case‐control study was to assess the ability of the urinary THY challenge test to discriminate cases of severe gastrointestinal toxicity in a cohort of patients treated with 5‐FU or capecitabine....
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Abstract Aims The pharmacokinetics (PK) of a triple‐secured fibrinogen concentrate (FC) was assessed in patients ≥40 kg by non‐compartmental analysis (NCA) over a period of 14 days with multiple blood samples. Limited PK time point assessments in children lead to consideration of using Bayesian estimation for paediatric data. The objectives were (i) to define the population PK of FC in patients with afibrinogenaemia; (ii) to detect age‐ and body weight‐related differences and consequences for...
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Abstract Aims AJM300 is an oral antagonist of α4‐integrin that reduces inflammation by blocking leukocyte trafficking. This study aimed to investigate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of AJM300 in healthy male subjects. Methods A total of 23 subjects were randomised to receive 240 mg (n=6), 480 mg (n=5), 960 mg (n=6) of AJM300 or the corresponding placebo (n=2 per group). The study drugs were taken orally three times daily after each meal on the first day followed...
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Abstract Aims The aim of the study was to compare the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of secukinumab with different devices for subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of 2 mL. Methods A phase 1 study in healthy subjects with six devices to administer 2 mL injection volumes was conducted to evaluate the serum pharmacokinetics (PK), safety and tolerability of secukinumab following single s.c. injection of 300 mg in the abdomen (either side) or in the thigh (either leg). Primary PK endpoints...
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Abstract Concentrations of drugs acting in the lungs are difficult to measure, resulting in relatively unknown local pharmacokinetics. The aim of this study is to assess the potential of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) as a matrix for pharmacokinetic analysis of inhaled and intravenous medication. A 4‐way crossover study was conducted in 12 volunteers with tobramycin and salbutamol intravenously and via inhalation. EBC and plasma samples were collected post‐dose and analyzed for drug concentrations....
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Abstract Aims Pharmaco‐epidemiological surveys enable the frequency of serious adverse effects ‐ and also the determining factors of their occurrence and seriousness ‐ to be quantified. Few studies systematically gathering post‐chemotherapy adverse effects data have been conducted. The objective was to assess the incidence of post‐chemotherapy serious adverse effects on the basis of cancer registry data. Methods The population was composed of new invasive cancer cases, with the exception...
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Abstract Aims We performed a first‐in‐human study with HL2351, a novel hybrid Fc‐fused IL‐1 receptor antagonist, to evaluate its tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) after a single subcutaneous (SC) administration in healthy subjects. Methods A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐ and active‐controlled, dose‐escalation study was conducted. Eligible subjects randomly received a single SC administration of HL2351 (1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 mg/kg) or placebo in a ratio of 8:2....
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Abstract Aims We compared the phenotyping metrics of a combination capsule formulation to its individual components of the newly composed “Basel” phenotyping cocktail. Moreover, we investigated a reduced sampling regimen for clinical applications. Methods We performed in vitro experiments and a crossover pharmacokinetic study in twelve healthy male subjects to compare the “Basel” phenotyping cocktail capsule containing 6 cytochrome P450 (CYP) probe drugs with individual administration of...
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Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Dobutamine in Neonates on the First Days of Life
Abstract Aims To describe the pharmacokinetics (PK) and concentration‐related effects of dobutamine in critically ill neonates in the first days of life, using nonlinear mixed effects modelling. Methods Dosing, plasma concentration and haemodynamic monitoring data from a dose‐escalation study were analysed with a simultaneous population PK and pharmacodynamic (PD) model. Neonates receiving continuous infusion of dobutamine 5‐20 μg kg‐1 min‐1 were included. Left ventricular ejection fraction...
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Abstract Background No population pharmacokinetic studies of high‐dose methotrexate (HDMTX) have been conducted in infants with brain tumors, which are a vulnerable population. The aim of this study was to evaluate HDMTX disposition in these children to provide a rational basis for MTX dosing. Methods Patients received 4 monthly courses of HDMTX (5 g/m2 or 2.5 g/m2 for infants ≤ 31 days of age) as a 24‐hour infusion. Serial samples were analyzed for MTX by an enzyme immunoassay method....
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Abstract With this study we aim to test the hypothesis that the effect of cannabidiol on drop‐seizure frequency in patients with Lennox–Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome could be attributed to a drug‐drug interaction with clobazam. We performed clinical trial simulations for the effect of 20 mg/kg/day cannabidiol on drop‐seizure frequency in patients with Lennox–Gastaut syndrome. We assumed that patients taking 10 or 20 mg clobazam would have a 2‐ to 7‐fold increase in N‐desmethylclobazam exposure,...
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Publication date: Available online 29 October 2019Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and ProteomicsAuthor(s): Anna V. Bychkova, Mariia V. Lopukhova, Luybov A. Wasserman, Pavel G. Pronkin, Yevgeniy N. Degtyarev, Alexander I. Shalupov, Alexandra D. Vasilyeva, Lyubov’ V. Yurina, Alexander L. Kovarski, Alexey S. Kononikhin, Evgene N. NikolaevAbstractThe study is devoted to the oxidative modification of immunoglobulin G (IgG) on the surface of peroxidase-like iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles...
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Publication date: Available online 28 October 2019Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and ProteomicsAuthor(s): Margarita V. Semenova, Alexander V. Gusakov, Vadim D. Telitsin, Aleksandra M. Rozhkova, Elena G. Kondratyeva, Arkady P. SinitsynAbstractTwo forms of C1/C4-oxidizing lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (PvLPMO9A) from Penicillium verruculosum (Talaromyces verruculosus) homologously expressed in P. verruculosum B1-537 auxotrophic strain were isolated in a homogeneous state...
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The first and family names of the authors were interchanged and are now presented correctly. The original article has been corrected
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Abstract The International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines have been revised allowing for modeling of concentration-QT (C-QT) data from Phase I dose-escalation studies to be used as primary analysis for QT prolongation risk assessment of new drugs. This work compares three commonly used Phase I dose-escalation study designs regarding their efficiency to accurately identify drug effects on QT interval through C-QT modeling. Parallel group design and 4-period crossover...
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Abstract Hemophilia A is a rare bleeding disorder resulting from a lack of functional factor VIII (FVIII). Therapy consists of replacement with exogenous FVIII, but is complicated by high inter-patient variability. A population pharmacokinetics (PopPK) approach can facilitate the uptake of an individualized approach to hemophilia therapy. We developed a PopPK model using data from seven brands of standard half-life FVIII products. The final model consists of a 2-compartment structure,...
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Abstract Fanhdi/Alphanate is a plasma derived factor VIII concentrate used for treating hemophilia A, for which there has not been any dedicated model describing its pharmacokinetics (PK). A population PK model was developed using data extracted from the Web-Accessible Population Pharmacokinetic Service-Hemophilia (WAPPS-Hemo) project. WAPPS-Hemo provided individual PK profiles for hemophilia patients using sparse observations as provided in routine clinical care by hemophilia...
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Abstract Drug development for rare diseases is challenged by small populations and limited data. This makes development of clinical trial protocols difficult and contributes to the uncertainty around whether or not a potential therapy is efficacious. The use of data standards to aggregate data from multiple sources, and the use of such integrated databases to develop statistical models can inform protocol development and reduce the risks in developing new therapies. Achieving...
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Journal of Palliative Medicine, Ahead of Print. (Source: Journal of Palliative Medicine)
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Journal of Palliative Medicine, Ahead of Print. (Source: Journal of Palliative Medicine)
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Journal of Palliative Medicine, Ahead of Print. (Source: Journal of Palliative Medicine)
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Journal of Palliative Medicine, Ahead of Print. (Source: Journal of Palliative Medicine)
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Journal of Palliative Medicine, Ahead of Print. (Source: Journal of Palliative Medicine)
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Journal of Palliative Medicine, Ahead of Print. (Source: Journal of Palliative Medicine)
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1. The configuration, structure, material characters, and compression resistance of the A. fabalis feather shaft were investigated. 2. There are differences in compression resistance of feather shafts from different parts of the body of A. fabalis. 3. The A. fabalis feather shafts with lower water content had higher compressive strength and better energy absorption. Abstract The bean goose Anser fabalis, noted for its excellent flying ability, has feathers composed of keratinized products derived...
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Publication date: Available online 29 October 2019Source: American Journal of Infection ControlAuthor(s): Sarah L. Krein, Steven L. Kronick, Vineet Chopra, Leah L. Shever, Lauren E. Weston, Lynn Gregory, Molly HarrodAdherence to isolation precaution practices, including use of personal protective equipment (PPE), remains a challenge in most hospitals. We surveyed inpatient and emergency department clinicians about their experiences and opinions of various isolation policies, specifically those related...
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Publication date: Available online 29 October 2019Source: American Journal of Infection ControlAuthor(s): Alaa Al Amiry
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Publication date: Available online 29 October 2019Source: American Journal of Infection ControlAuthor(s): Shanina C. Knighton, Marian Richmond, Trina Zabarsky, Mary Dolansky, Herleen Rai, Curtis J. DonskeyBackgroundStudies that examine the perceptions and behaviors of patients regarding patient hand hygiene rarely examine the viewpoint of patients about their hand hygiene behavior relative to current resources provided in the hospital.MethodsVoluntary interviews that employed a 16-item survey tool...
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Abstract Background Besides 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), liver enzyme elevation after brain tumor surgery can be caused by anesthesia and medications. In this retrospective study, we determined whether preoperative 5-ALA administration is associated with postoperative elevation of liver enzymes (PELE) in brain tumor patients and identified predictive factors for PELE in patients treated with 5-ALA. ...
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Abstract Background The sagittal stratum (SS) is a critical neural crossroad traversed by several white matter tracts that connect multiple areas of the ipsilateral hemisphere. Scant information about the anatomical organization of this structure is available in literature. The goal of this study was to provide a detailed anatomical description of the SS and to discuss the functional implications of the findings when a surgical approach...
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Abstract Background Blunt vertebral artery injury (BVAI) is a well-known potentially fatal complication of cervical spine injury. The condition is reported to be associated with vertebral fractures and cervical hyperextension. However, appropriate patient screening methods remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with BVAI in patients with cervical spine injury. ...
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Abstract From anther dehiscence to its atmospheric journey, airborne pollen grains can come into contact with other particulate matter (PM) and the external wall of pollen grains can be polluted by adhered atmospheric particles. Pollen and PM are some of the most common asthma triggers. The aim of this review was to discuss literature reporting pollen–particle complexes in the outdoor environment so their potential role in enhancing the risk of allergy could be examined. Twenty-five...
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A study by Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors and the TIAA Institute also found that grant making to community colleges is of particular interest for foundations focused on employability.
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Abstract Background Rituximab has been demonstrated to be highly effective as a first‐line treatment for moderate to severe pemphigus; however, its high cost can be considered a limitation of this treatment. Objectives To compare direct costs of two regimens, rituximab + short‐term prednisone vs. prednisone alone, tested in the Ritux3 trial. Methods Patients were randomly assigned to receive 2 g of rituximab and two 500‐mg maintenance infusions at month 12 and month 18 along with...
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Welcome back to the latest edition of the Religious Studies Project Opportunities Digest! This week you will two journal call for papers, three events, and two job opportunities. Thank you so much to everyone who has signed up to support the RSP thus far through our Patreon–and PayPal options. We are aiming for 100 patrons (currently 39!) to fund planned developments over the coming year. See our donations page for details of how you can sign up for a regular subscription, leave a one-off...
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Abstract Background GB001 is an oral antagonist of the prostaglandin D2 receptor that may inhibit recruitment and activation of airway eosinophils, reducing airway inflammation. Objective To assess GB001 safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics from a Phase 2 study and explore the association between Type 2 biomarkers (fractional exhaled nitric oxide, blood eosinophils) and asthma control markers following GB001 administration. Methods A randomized, placebo‐control, double‐blind study...
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New England Journal of Medicine, Ahead of Print.
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