Abstract Traumatic oral ulceration (TOU) is one of the most common side effects of orthodontic treatments. The objective of this trial is to compare the clinical efficacy of an 80% Aloe Vera gel, prepared using a master formula, versus a commercial 0.12% Chlorhexidine (CHX) gel for TOU prevention in participants wearing fixed orthodontic appliances. This report represents a single-centre, university-based, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial with 2 parallel arms. Patients...
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IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5377: Browning Effects of a Chronic Pterostilbene Supplementation in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215377 Authors: Martina La Spina Eva Galletta Michele Azzolini Saioa Gomez Zorita Sofia Parrasia Marika Salvalaio Andrea Salmaso Lucia Biasutto Obesity and related comorbidities are a major health concern. The drugs used to treat these conditions are largely inadequate or dangerous, and a...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5375: Advances in Research on Diabetes by Human Nutriomics International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215375 Authors: Xinmin Ren Xiangdong Li The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) have increased rapidly worldwide over the last two decades. Because the pathogenic factors of DM are heterogeneous, determining clinically effective treatments for DM patients is difficult. Applying various nutrient analyses has yielded new insight...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5373: The Proton Density of States in Confined Water (H2O) International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215373 Authors: Sow-Hsin Chen Carmelo Corsaro Francesco Mallamace Enza Fazio Domenico Mallamace The hydrogen density of states (DOS) in confined water has been probed by inelastic neutron scattering spectra in a wide range of its P–T phase diagram. The liquid–liquid transition and the dynamical crossover from the...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5378: Post-Translational Deimination of Immunological and Metabolic Protein Markers in Plasma and Extracellular Vesicles of Naked Mole-Rat (Heterocephalus glaber) International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215378 Authors: Matthew E. Pamenter Pinar Uysal-Onganer Kenny W. Huynh Igor Kraev Sigrun Lange Naked mole-rats are long-lived animals that show unusual resistance to hypoxia, cancer and ageing. Protein deimination is an irreversible...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5371: ATRX Contributes to MeCP2-Mediated Pericentric Heterochromatin Organization during Neural Differentiation International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215371 Authors: Domenico Marano Salvatore Fioriniello Francesca Fiorillo Richard J. Gibbons Maurizio D’Esposito Floriana Della Ragione Methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) is a multi-function factor involved in locus-specific transcriptional modulation and the regulation of genome...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5374: Protective Effect of PBCA Nanoparticles Loaded with Thymulin Against the Relapsing-Remitting Form of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215374 Authors: Sergey M. Lunin Maxim O. Khrenov Olga V. Glushkova Svetlana B. Parfenyuk Tatyana V. Novoselova Elena G. Novoselova Relapsing–remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (rEAE) in mice is a model that...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5376: The Pathogenesis of Sepsis and Potential Therapeutic Targets International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215376 Authors: Min Huang Shaoli Cai Jingqian Su Sepsis is defined as “a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a host’s dysfunctional response to infection”. Although the treatment of sepsis has developed rapidly in the past few years, sepsis incidence and mortality in clinical treatment is still...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5372: Structure and Junctional Complexes of Endothelial, Epithelial and Glial Brain Barriers International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215372 Authors: Mariana Castro Dias Josephine A. Mapunda Mykhailo Vladymyrov Britta Engelhardt The homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) is ensured by the endothelial, epithelial, mesothelial and glial brain barriers, which strictly control the passage of molecules, solutes and immune cells....
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5369: BRAF-Mutated Colorectal Cancer: Clinical and Molecular Insights International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215369 Authors: Caputo Santini Bardasi Cerma Casadei-Gardini Spallanzani Andrikou Cascinu Gelsomino Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. It is a heterogeneous disease, which can be classified into different subtypes, characterized by specific molecular...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5370: A Shifty Target: Tumor-Initiating Cells and Their Metabolism International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215370 Authors: Bezuidenhout Shoshan Tumor-initiating cells (TICs), or cancer stem cells, constitute highly chemoresistant, asymmetrically dividing, and tumor-initiating populations in cancer and are thought to play a key role in metastatic and chemoresistant disease. Tumor-initiating cells are isolated from cell lines and clinical...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5366: Cordycepin Enhances Radiosensitivity in Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells by Inducing Autophagy and Apoptosis Through Cell Cycle Arrest International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215366 Authors: Ho Wu Lin Wu Chiu Yeh Huang Wang Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and accounts for over 90% of malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity, with a 5-year survival rate of less than...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5367: Reduced Cholinergic Activity in the Hippocampus of Hippocampal Cholinergic Neurostimulating Peptide Precursor Protein Knockout Mice International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215367 Authors: Madokoro Yoshino Kato Sato Mizuno Kanamori Shimazawa Hida Hara Yoshida Borlongan Ojika Matsukawa The cholinergic efferent network from the medial septal nucleus to the hippocampus has an important role...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5368: Reduction-Triggered Paclitaxel Release Nano-Hybrid System Based on Core-Crosslinked Polymer Dots with a pH-Responsive Shell-Cleavable Colorimetric Biosensor International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215368 Authors: Seul Gi Kim Benny Ryplida Pham Thi My Phuong Hyun Jeong Won Gibaek Lee Suk Ho Bhang Sung Young Park Herein, we describe the fabrication and characterization of carbonized disulfide core-crosslinked polymer dots...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5365: Kinetic Models of Secondary Active Transporters International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215365 Authors: Burtscher Schicker Freissmuth Sandtner Kinetic models have been employed to understand the logic of substrate transport through transporters of the Solute Carrier (SLC) family. All SLC transporters operate according to the alternate access model, which posits that substrate transport occurs in a closed loop of partial reactions...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5364: Molecular Links between Central Obesity and Breast Cancer International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215364 Authors: Zimta Tigu Muntean Cenariu Slaby Berindan-Neagoe : Worldwide, breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women, in regard to incidence and mortality. In recent years, the negative role of obesity during BC development and progression has been made abundantly clear in several studies. However,...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5362: The Role of Measurable Residual Disease (MRD) in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Hematological Malignancies Focusing on Acute Leukemia International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215362 Authors: Anna Czyz Arnon Nagler The significance of measurable residual disease (MRD) in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is well recognized in different hematological malignancies, but the evidence indicate that pre-transplant...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5363: Proteomic Investigation of S-Nitrosylated Proteins During NO-Induced Adventitious Rooting of Cucumber International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215363 Authors: Lijuan Niu Jihua Yu Weibiao Liao Jianming Xie Jian Yu Jian Lv Xuemei Xiao Linli Hu Yue Wu Nitric oxide (NO) acts an essential signaling molecule that is involved in regulating various physiological and biochemical processes in plants. However, whether S-nitrosylation...
IJMS, Vol. 20, Pages 5360: Genome-Wide Analysis of the Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain (LBD) Gene Family in Solanum tuberosum International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms20215360 Authors: Hengzhi Liu Minxuan Cao Xiaoli Chen Minghui Ye Peng Zhao Yunyou Nan Wan Li Chao Zhang Lingshuang Kong Nana Kong Chenghui Yang Yue Chen Dongdong Wang Qin Chen Lateral organ boundaries domain (LBD) proteins belong to a particular class of transcription...
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Abstract Objectives Annona muricata, also known as graviola, soursop and guanabana, has been widely utilised for the treatment of a range of cancers. The mechanism of action and the efficacy of A. muricata and its constituents in the treatment of cancer have been comprehensively reviewed. The aim of this systematic review was to summarise the available literature that reports on factors related to the safety and tolerability of A. muricata leaf extract and its acetogenins. Methods In‐vitro,...
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Abstract As the number of obese people is globally increasing, reports about the putative protective effect of obesity in life-threatening diseases, such as subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), are gaining more interest. This theory—the obesity paradox—is challenging to study, and the impact of obesity has remained unclear in survival of several critical illnesses, including SAH. Thus, we performed a systematic review to clarify the relation of obesity and SAH mortality. Our study protocol...
Abstract Sphenoid wing meningiomas are generally considered as skull base meningiomas (SBMs). However, given their surgical similarities with non-skull base meningiomas (NSBMs), we hypothesized that lateral sphenoid wing meningiomas (LSWMs) without bone invasion (BI) should be considered as NSBMs. N = 65 LSWMs without BI operated between 1990 to 2010 at a single-center were compared to N = 352 NSBMs, represented by convexity meningiomas (CMs), and to N = 23 SBMs, represented by...
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Abstract X-linked dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (XLHR) is the most common inherited form of rickets due to a mutation in the phosphate regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on the X chromosome (PHEX gene) expressed in bones and teeth. This leads to impaired renal reabsorption of phosphate and defective bone mineralization. Clinical presentation often occurs in childhood, where children mostly present with bow legs, delayed walking, or gait difficulties. Other clinical...
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IntroductionWithin the UK, chest pain is one of the most common reasons for emergency (999) ambulance calls and the most common reason for emergency hospital admission. Diagnosing acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in a patient with chest pain in the prehospital setting by a paramedic is challenging. The Troponin-only Manchester Acute Coronary Syndromes (T-MACS) decision rule is a validated tool used in the emergency department (ED) to stratify patients with suspected ACS following a single blood test....
IntroductionThe scale-up of integrated Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) treatment has been an important intervention to curb the burden of HIV and TB co-infection worldwide. Uptake of and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) are key determinants of the quality and therapeutic endpoints of this intervention. This study aims to conduct an up-to-date collection and synthesis of evidence on barriers to and facilitators of uptake of and adherence to ART in HIV/TB integrated...
IntroductionCreutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a human prion disease that occurs in sporadic, genetic and acquired forms. Variant CJD (vCJD) is an acquired form first identified in 1996 in the UK. To date, 178 cases of vCJD have been reported in the UK, most of which have been associated with dietary exposure to the bovine spongiform encephalopathy agent. Most vCJD cases have a young age of onset, with a median age at death of 28 years. In the UK, suspected cases of vCJD are reported to the UK National...
ObjectivesLifestyle and working conditions of truck drivers predisposes them to risk-factors associated with communicable and non-communicable diseases, but little is known about the health status of African truck driver. This study aims to assess a cross-section of truckers in South Africa to describe their health information. SettingThe study took place across three truck-stop rest areas in the South African provinces of Free State and Gauteng. ParticipantsEligibility criteria included being...
ObjectiveA person’s concept of pain can be defined as how they understand what pain actually is, what function it serves and what biological processes are thought to underpin it. This study aimed to explore the concept of pain in children with and without persistent pain. DesignIn-depth, face-to-face interviews with drawing tasks were conducted with 16 children (aged 8–12 years) in New South Wales, Australia. Thematic analysis was used to analyse and synthesise the data. SettingChildren with persistent...
IntroductionCancer diagnosis in primary care is an important challenge for general practitioners (GPs) due to the relatively low frequency of any single type of cancer and the heterogeneous signs and symptoms that can be present. In addition to analytical reasoning, GPs may become aware of gut feelings (GFs) as they suspect that a patient may have cancer or another serious disease. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and the predictive value of GFs for the diagnosis of cancer and serious diseases....
ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to ascertain the effects of high-intensity chronic endurance training on cardiovascular markers of active populations and athletes. MethodsThis review was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. We used databases of PubMed, Science Direct, SPORTDiscus, Google Scholar and grey literatures with Mesh and free-text search as well as manual searches to identify relevant studies from...
IntroductionIn addition to their high mortality rates, road traffic collisions (RTC) are considered a burden within those who do survive. In Africa, injuries related to RTC have been identified as the 10th most common cause of disability-adjusted life years lost for all ages and categories. Moreover, non-fatal RTC are the biggest cause associated with the burden of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in Africa. Despite this, the epidemiology of MSD related to non-fatal RTC within this region is still...
ObjectivesTo explore relevant Finnish stakeholders’ perceptions on the automatic substitution of biological medicines with particular focus on medication safety and issues that need to be considered to create an appropriate model for automatic biological product substitution. DesignQualitative interview study. MethodsData were collected in semistructured individual (n=17), pair (n=7) and group (n=8) interviews (32 interviews, 62 participants) in 2018. Participants represented a wide range of stakeholders...
IntroductionMetabolically healthy obese phenotype (MHO) refers to obese individuals with an adequate metabolic profile and absence of metabolic syndrome. Many prospective studies have reported the benign condition relating the MHO phenotype and its potential role in reducing risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. However, inconsistent results were found and the question remains controversial. We aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis...
ObjectivesThis study aimed to estimate the prevalence of, and factors associated with, accessing maternal healthcare services (MHC) by Indigenous women in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT), Bangladesh. DesignThis was a cross-sectional survey among Indigenous women of reproductive age. SettingTwo upazillas (subdistricts) of Khagrachhari hill district of the CHT. ParticipantsIndigenous women (15–49 years) within 36 months of delivery were surveyed about accessing MHC services (antenatal care, delivery...
IntroductionDepression is highly prevalent and the leading contributor to the burden of disease in young people worldwide, making it an ongoing priority for early intervention. As the current evidence-based interventions of medication and psychological therapy are only modestly effective, there is an urgent need for additional treatment strategies. This paper describes the rationale of the Improving Mood with Physical ACTivity (IMPACT) trial. The primary aim of the IMPACT trial is to determine the...
IntroductionInguinal hernia mesh repair is the standard care for symptomatic inguinal hernia. Mesh fixation is used to keep mesh in place for which various mesh fixation techniques have been used in open and laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, but their effectiveness has remained inconclusive. Therefore, we developed a protocol for an umbrella review in order to summarise the evidences with integrate and update data of different mesh fixation techniques in both open and laparoscopic inguinal hernia...
ObjectivesTo describe public understanding and use of antibiotics. DesignIpsos MORI Capibus survey of randomly-selected households. SettingEngland, January–April 2017. Participants2283 adults (≥15 years) including 777 parents of children <5 years old. Data collection and analysisThe main survey was undertaken in January 2017 (n=1691); data from an additional sample of parents were collected in April 2017 (n=592). Analyses were weighted to obtain estimates representative of the population....
ObjectivesThe knowledge of past asbestos exposure may lead to chronic psychological strain. In addition, the information about an increased cancer risk can place a psychological burden on individuals triggering mental health symptoms of depression or anxiety. This applies in particular to individuals with non-malignant asbestos-related disease (ARD) such as lung fibrosis and pleural thickening with or without lung function impairment. ARDs with or without lung function impairment may develop even...
ObjectivesTo study the association of place-based socioeconomic factors with disease distribution by comparing hospitalisation rates in California in 2001 and 2011 by zip code median household income. DesignSerial cross-sectional study testing the association between hospitalisation rates and zip code-level median income, with subgroup analyses by zip code income and race. Participants/settingOur study included all hospitalised adults over 18 years old living in California in 2001 and 2011 who...
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