Τρίτη 22 Οκτωβρίου 2019


The “maternal effect” on epilepsy risk: analysis of familial epilepsies and reassessment of prior evidence
ABSTRACT Objective Previous studies have observed that epilepsy risk is higher among offspring of affected women than offspring of affected men. We tested whether this “maternal effect” was present in familial epilepsies, which are enriched for genetic factors that contribute to epilepsy risk. Methods We assessed evidence of a maternal effect in a cohort of families containing ≥3 persons with epilepsy using three methods: (1) “downward‐looking” analysis, comparing the rate of epilepsy in...
Annals of Neurology
Mon Oct 21, 2019 21:22
Soccer and Mortality — Good News and Bad News
In the general population, moderate exercise, physical activity, and participation in sports have important health benefits, including slowing cognitive decline and preventing dementia. Participation in elite-level sports, not surprisingly, is also associated with reductions in all-cause mortality…
The New England Journal of Medicine: Neurology\Neurosurgery
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Neurodegenerative Disease Mortality among Former Professional Soccer Players
Concerns have been raised about the risk of several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), associated with participation in contact sports. Recognition of the pathologic changes of CTE in former players who…
The New England Journal of Medicine: Neurology\Neurosurgery
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Is Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum Incidental in This Verrucous Carcinoma?
This case report presents a case in which a collision tumor consisting of three separate pathological entities—a verrucous carcinoma (VC), syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP), and a basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The presentation of this collision tumor is unexpected. It presented as an exophytic mass on the scalp. While collisions of SCAP and VC are present in the literature, this case included an additional pathologic entity. The association of these entities and the unreported location of the...
Case Reports in Pathology
03:05
Limited recognition of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>-infected macrophages by polyclonal CD4 and CD8 T cells from the lungs of infected mice
Mucosal Immunology, Published online: 21 October 2019; doi:10.1038/s41385-019-0217-6Limited recognition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages by polyclonal CD4 and CD8 T cells from the lungs of infected mice
Mucosal Immunology - Issue - nature.com science feeds
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
TGFβ1 single-nucleotide polymorphism C-509T alters mucosal cell function in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis
Mucosal Immunology, Published online: 21 October 2019; doi:10.1038/s41385-019-0214-9TGFβ1 single-nucleotide polymorphism C-509T alters mucosal cell function in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis
Mucosal Immunology - Issue - nature.com science feeds
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
TGFβ1 single-nucleotide polymorphism C-509T alters mucosal cell function in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis
Mucosal Immunology - Issue - nature.com science feeds
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Limited recognition of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>-infected macrophages by polyclonal CD4 and CD8 T cells from the lungs of infected mice
Mucosal Immunology - Issue - nature.com science feeds
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
[ASAP] CaOH Molecular Emissions in Underwater Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: Spatial–Temporal Characteristics and Analytical Performances
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03513
Analytical Chemistry
Mon Oct 21, 2019 07:00
[ASAP] Simulation of Transportation and Storage and Their Influence on Raman Spectra of Bacteria
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02932
Analytical Chemistry
Mon Oct 21, 2019 07:00
[ASAP] Rapid and Accurate Prediction of p<italic toggle="yes">K</italic><sub>a</sub> Values of C–H Acids Using Graph Convolutional Neural Networks
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05895
Journal of the American Chemical Society: Latest Articles (ACS Publications)
Mon Oct 21, 2019 07:00
[ASAP] Synthesis of Isomerically Pure (<italic toggle="yes">Z</italic>)-Alkenes from Terminal Alkynes and Terminal Alkenes: Silver-Catalyzed Hydroalkylation of Alkynes
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09336
Journal of the American Chemical Society: Latest Articles (ACS Publications)
Mon Oct 21, 2019 07:00
[ASAP] Antiferromagnetic Semiconductor BaFMn<sub>0.5</sub>Te with Unique Mn Ordering and Red Photoluminescence
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09382
Journal of the American Chemical Society: Latest Articles (ACS Publications)
Mon Oct 21, 2019 07:00
[ASAP] A Scalable General Synthetic Approach toward Ultrathin Imine-Linked Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets for Photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09502
Journal of the American Chemical Society: Latest Articles (ACS Publications)
Mon Oct 21, 2019 07:00
[ASAP] Unmasking the Ligand Effect in Manganese-Catalyzed Hydrogenation: Mechanistic Insight and Catalytic Application
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09038
Journal of the American Chemical Society: Latest Articles (ACS Publications)
Mon Oct 21, 2019 07:00
The Effect of Temperature on the Stability of In-Use Insulin Pens
Exp Clin Endocrinol DiabetesDOI: 10.1055/a-1010-5466 Background Improper storage of insulin could decrease its potency. Manufacturers recommend that in-use insulin pens should be kept at between 25–30°C, but room temperature in tropical countries often exceeds this range. This study investigates the effect of temperature on the stability of basal insulin in cartridges 28 days after opening. Methods Four different basal insulins were evaluated. Five opened pens of each insulin type were included...
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes
Mon Oct 21, 2019 02:00
Downregulation of miR-320 Alleviates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inflammatory Response in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
Exp Clin Endocrinol DiabetesDOI: 10.1055/a-1012-8420 Objective MicroRNAs serve important roles in the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs). This study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA-320 (miR-320) in the development of ERs and the inflammatory response in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Materials and Methods The adipose tissue expression levels of miR-320 and ERs markers (GRP78, GRP94, Derlin-1 and CHOP) and the serum concentration of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, NF-κB and IL-6) in...
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes
Mon Oct 21, 2019 02:00
Unilateral Adrenalectomy for Primary Bilateral Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia: Analysis of 71 Cases
Exp Clin Endocrinol DiabetesDOI: 10.1055/a-0998-7884 Objective Primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) is characterized by benign bilateral enlarged adrenal masses, causing Cushing’s syndrome (CS). The aim of the current article is to define the role of unilateral adrenalectomy (UA) in treating patients with CS related to PBMAH. Methods A PubMed database search was conducted to identify articles reporting UA to treat PBMAH. We also report cases of PBMAH from our medical center...
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes
Mon Oct 21, 2019 02:00
Butterflies and plants evolved in sync, but moth 'ears' predated bats
A new study cross-examines classic hypotheses about the coevolution of butterflies with flowering plants and moths with bats, their key predators. The findings show flowering plants did drive much of these insects' diversity, but in a surprise twist, multiple moth lineages evolved 'ears' millions of years before the existence of bats, previously credited with triggering moths' development of hearing organs.
Evolutionary Biology News -- ScienceDaily
Mon Oct 21, 2019 22:15
The secret of classic Belgian beers? Medieval super yeasts!
An international team of scientists has discovered that some of the most renowned classic Belgian beers, including Gueuze and Trappist ales, are fermented with a rare and unusual form of hybrid yeasts. These yeasts combine DNA of the traditional ale yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with that of more stress-resistant feral yeasts such as Saccharomyces kudriavzevii.
Evolutionary Biology News -- ScienceDaily
01:33
International Consensus Guidelines for Nonvariceal Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Step Forward
The International Consensus Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding (NVUGIB) have been updated. The editorialist discusses why he believes the recommendations are a step forward and the unanswered questions pertaining to NVUGIB that should be the focus of future research.
Annals of Internal Medicine Online First
02:33
Fatal Lyme Carditis in New England: Two Case Reports
Annals of Internal Medicine Online First
02:33
Management of Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Guideline Recommendations From the International Consensus Group
Description:This update of the 2010 International Consensus Recommendations on the Management of Patients With Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding (UGIB) refines previous important statements and presents new clinically relevant recommendations.Methods:An international multidisciplinary group of experts developed the recommendations. Data sources included evidence summarized in previous recommendations, as well as systematic reviews and trials identified from a series of literature searches...
Annals of Internal Medicine Online First
02:33
Cases in Precision Medicine: The Role of Tumor and Germline Genetic Testing in Breast Cancer Management
Personalization of care through precision medicine and, more specifically, genetic testing is altering the treatment of breast cancer. Genetic testing is used in germline and tumor testing, with each providing distinct data to guide management. Germline testing supports more accurate risk evaluation to inform screening and risk-reducing medical and surgical strategies. Tumor testing can inform cancer recurrence risk assessment and cancer treatment options. This article reviews how genetic testing...
Annals of Internal Medicine Online First
02:33
Annals Graphic Medicine - PPIs for Happily Ever After?
Annals of Internal Medicine Online First
02:33
Using Risk Models to Make Lung Cancer Screening Decisions: Evidence-Based and Getting Better
Cheung and colleagues addressed the question of how best to identify candidates for lung cancer screening. The editorial discusses the findings and the tradeoff in screening decisions between accuracy and complexity.
Annals of Internal Medicine Online First
02:33
Life-Gained–Based Versus Risk-Based Selection of Smokers for Lung Cancer Screening
Background:Although risk-based selection of ever-smokers for screening could prevent more lung cancer deaths than screening according to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines, it preferentially selects older ever-smokers with shorter life expectancies due to comorbidities.Objective:To compare selection of ever-smokers for screening based on gains in life expectancy versus lung cancer risk.Design:Cohort analyses and model-based projections.Setting:U.S. population of ever-smokers...
Annals of Internal Medicine Online First
02:33
Human geroprotector discovery by targeting the converging subnetworks of aging and age-related diseases
Abstract A key goal of geroscience research is to identify effective interventions to extend human healthspan, the years of healthy life. Currently, majority of the geroprotectors are found by screening compounds in model organisms; whether they will be effective in humans is largely unknown. Here we present a new strategy called ANDRU (aging network based drug discovery) to help the discovery of human geroprotectors. It first identifies human aging subnetworks that putatively...
GeroScience
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Vocal Characteristics of Patients With Morbid Obesity
Obesity modifies vocal characteristics, causing abnormal fat deposition in the abdominal region and upper airways. For some authors the voice of the obese is not different from nonobese and the vocal symptoms are scarce; for others dysphonia in obese is reported by 70% of them and the voice becomes hoarse, breathy, and unstable.
Journal of Voice
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Hispanic Ethnicity as a Predictor of Voice Therapy Adherence
Voice therapy is a well-studied, evidence-based treatment in the management of voice disorders, yet it is known that adherence rates are generally decreased due to a variety of identified factors. In light of this fact, a high rate of nonadherence to voice therapy has been anecdotally observed in the Hispanic community comprising a sizable portion of the patient population in South Florida.
Journal of Voice
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
The origin and diversification of pteropods predate past perturbations in the Earth's carbon cycle [NEW RESULTS]
Pteropods are a group of planktonic gastropods that are widely regarded as biological indicators for assessing the impacts of ocean acidification (OA). Their thin aragonitic shells are highly sensitive to acute changes in ocean chemistry. However, to gain insight into their potential to adapt to current climate change, we need to accurately reconstruct their evolutionary history and assess their responses to past changes in Earth's carbon cycle. Here, we resolve the phylogeny and timing of pteropod...
bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Adaptation by copy number variation increases insecticide resistance in fall armyworms [NEW RESULTS]
Insecticide resistance is a major main challenge in pest control, and understanding its genetic basis is a key topic in agricultural ecology. Detoxification genes are well-known genetic elements that play a key role in adaptation to xenobiotics. The adaptive evolution of detoxification genes by copy number variations has been interpreted as a cause of insecticide resistance. However, the same pattern can be generated by the adaptation to host-plant defense toxins as well. In this study, we tested...
bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Metaxin 3 is a Highly Conserved Vertebrate Protein Homologous to Mitochondrial Import Proteins and GSTs [NEW RESULTS]
Metaxin 3 genes are shown to be widely conserved in vertebrates, including mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, and reptiles. Metaxin 3 genes, however, are not found in invertebrates, plants, and bacteria. The predicted metaxin 3 proteins were identified by their homology to the metaxin 3 proteins encoded by zebrafish and Xenopus cDNAs. Further evidence that they are metaxin proteins was provided by the presence of GST-N-Metaxin, GST-C-Metaxin, and Tom37 protein domains, and the absence of other major...
bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Lost in Translation: population genomics of porcini mushrooms (Boletus edulis) challenges use of ITS for DNA barcoding in Fungi [NEW RESULTS]
The internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of the rDNA cistron are the most commonly used DNA barcoding region in Fungi. rDNA genes are repeated dozens to hundreds of times in the eukaryotic genome and it is believed that these arrays are homogenized through concerted evolution preventing the accumulation of intragenomic, and intraspecific, variation. However, numerous studies have reported rampant intragenomic and intraspecific ITS variation, contradicting our current understanding of concerted evolution....
bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Neanderthal-Denisovan ancestors interbred with a distantly-related hominin [NEW RESULTS]
Previous research has shown that modern Eurasians interbred with their Neanderthal and Denisovan predecessors. We show here that hundreds of thousands of years earlier, the ancestors of Neanderthals and Denisovans interbred with their own Eurasian predecessors--members of a "superarchaic" population that separated from other humans about 2 mya. The superarchaic population was large, with an effective size between 20 and 50 thousand individuals. We confirm previous findings that: (1) Denisovans also...
bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Geographic variation in adult and embryonic desiccation tolerance in a terrestrial-breeding frog [NEW RESULTS]
Intra-specific variation in the ability of individuals to tolerate environmental perturbations is often neglected when considering the impacts of climate change. Yet this information is potentially crucial for mitigating any deleterious effects of climate change on threatened species. Here we assessed patterns of intra-specific variation in desiccation tolerance in the frog Pseudophryne guentheri, a terrestrial-breeding species experiencing a drying climate. Adult frogs were collected from six populations...
bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Linking influenza virus evolution within and between human hosts [NEW RESULTS]
Influenza viruses rapidly diversify within individual human infections. Several recent studies have deep-sequenced clinical influenza infections to identify viral variation within hosts, but it remains unclear how within-host mutations fare in the global viral population. Here, we compare viral variation within and between hosts to link influenza's evolutionary dynamics across scales. Synonymous sites evolve at similar rates at both scales, indicating that global evolution at these putatively neutral...
bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Contrasting dates of rainforest fragmentation in Africa inferred from trees with different dispersal abilities [NEW RESULTS]
The rainforests of Tropical Africa have fluctuated over time. Although today the forest cover is continuous in Central Africa this may have not always been the case, as the scarce fossil record in this region suggests that more arid conditions might have significantly reduced the density of trees during the Ice Ages. Our aim was to investigate whether the dry ice-age periods left a genetic signature on tree species that can be used to date the past fragmentation of the rainforest. We sequenced reduced...
bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
A multi-tier species delimitation approach resolves conflicts in delineating the primitively segmented spider genus Heptathela endemic to Japanese islands [NEW RESULTS]
Accurate species delimitation impacts all biological inferences, but taxonomic studies often face conflicts within/among datasets or among species delimitation methods. Here we use a multi-tier analytical strategy to handle conflicts in species delimitation on a group of primitively segmented spiders, genus Heptathela endemic to Japanese islands. Tier 1 analysis uses a suite of quick species delimitation methods to test the initial species hypothesis (ISH) and to identify fully congruent lineages....
bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00

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