Abstract In this study, the removal of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (a fluoroquinolone antibiotic) by using various effective adsorbents such as activated carbon, montmorillonite, modified montmorillonite (commercial name Cloisite 20A), and alumina was investigated. Adsorption experiments were performed to determine and compare the adsorption capacities of these adsorbents. The adsorption capacities of adsorbents were examined at different initial concentrations of ciprofloxacin...
Abstract This paper presents an experimental study of suspended particle transport through sand layer using a new self-developed sand layer transportation-deposition testing system, and the study aims to identify the effects of temperature on the transport of suspended particles through porous medium. Four typical temperatures (5 °C, 15 °C, 25 °C, and 35 °C) were considered in our study, and the experiments were conducted under four size compositions and three flow velocities...
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Abstract Solid tumour frequently undergoes metabolic stress during tumour development because of inadequate blood supply and the high nutrient expenditure. p53 is activated by glucose limitation and maintains cell survival via triggering metabolic checkpoint. However, the exact downstream contributors are not completely identified. BAG3 is a cochaperone with multiple cellular functions and is implicated in metabolic reprogramming of pancreatic cancer cells. The current study demonstrated that glucose...
Abstract The transition from non–muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is detrimental to bladder cancer (BLCA) patients. Here, we aimed to study the underlying mechanism of the subtype transition. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) revealed the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) signalling pathway with the most positive correlation in this transition. Then, we built a LASSO Cox regression model of an EMT‐related gene signature in BLCA. The patients...
Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are previously found to have potential capacity to differentiate into osteocytes when exposed to specific stimuli. However, the detailed molecular mechanism during this progress remains largely unknown. In the current study, we characterized the lncRNA NKILA as a crucial positive regulator for osteogenesis of MSCs. NKILA attenuation significantly inhibits the calcium deposition and alkaline phosphatase activity of MSCs. More interestingly, we defined that NKILA...
Abstract Radiation‐induced lung injury (RILI) is the major complication of thoracic radiation therapy, and no effective treatment is available. This study explored the role of high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in acute RILI and the therapeutic effect of glycyrrhizin, an inhibitor of HMGB1, on RILI. C57BL/6 mice received a 20 Gy dose of X‐ray radiation to the whole thorax with or without administration of glycyrrhizin. Severe lung inflammation was present 12 weeks after irradiation, although only...
Abstract The role of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in thyroid carcinoma (TC), the most frequent endocrine malignancy, has been extensively examined. This study investigated effect of interaction among lncRNA TNRC6C‐AS1, serine/threonine‐protein kinase 4 (STK4) and Hippo signalling pathway on TC. Initially, lncRNA TNRC6C‐AS1 expression in TC tissues was detected. To explore roles of lncRNA TNRC6C‐AS1, STK4 and Hippo signalling pathway in TC progression, their expressions were altered. Interaction...
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Related ArticlesSystematic review and meta-analysis of the safety of erythromycin compared to clarithromycin in adults and adolescents with pneumonia. J Chemother. 2019 Oct 25;:1-6 Authors: Eljaaly K, Botaish A, Bahobail F, Almehmadi M, Assabban Z, Thabit AK, Alraddadi B, Aljabri A, Alqahtani N, Aseeri MA, Hashim A, Torres A Abstract Macrolides are recommended for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). It is debatable whether erythromycin...
Related ArticlesPharmacokinetics of flucloxacillin during prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapy in a 76-year-old man. J Chemother. 2019 Oct 25;:1-5 Authors: Fox E, Cheng V, Rawlins M, Dyer J, De Keulenaer B, Page MM, Hoad K, Roberts JA Abstract Prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapy (PIRRT) use has been increasing in critically ill patients with kidney dysfunction. PIRRT can affect the pharmacokinetics of many drugs, although no...
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Related ArticlesPotential clinical variants detected in mitochondrial DNA D-loop hypervariable region I of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Hormones (Athens). 2019 Oct 26;: Authors: Hasturk B, Yilmaz Y, Eren F Abstract PURPOSE: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a mitochondrial disease. However, the underlying role of mitochondrial genetics has not yet been completely elucidated. Evaluation of D-loop nucleotide variations with respect...
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Related ArticlesChanges in Muscle Stiffness in Infants with Congenital Muscular Torticollis. Diagnostics (Basel). 2019 Oct 23;9(4): Authors: Hwang D, Shin YJ, Choi JY, Jung SJ, Yang SS Abstract Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) results from unilateral shortening of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle, usually associated with a fibrotic mass. Although CMT may resolve with physical therapy, some cases persist, resulting in long-term musculoskeletal...
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An audiologist from Buckinghamshire has won awards for the top hearing professional in the United Kingdom and Europe's best audiologist.Paula Cook of Aston Hearing has been awarded the national title of Audiologist of the Year 2019 for the United Kingdom. Paula then went on to compete against other audiologists from France, Germany, Spain, the Netherlands, and the Republic of Ireland for the coveted title of European Audiologist of the Year which she went on to win.Cook was nominated by her client...
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Abstract Objective The TMEM175/GAK/DGKQ locus is the 3rd strongest risk locus in genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) of Parkinson disease (PD). We aimed to identify the specific disease‐associated variants in this locus, and their potential implications. Methods Full sequencing of TMEM175/GAK/DGKQ, followed by genotyping of specific associated variants was performed in PD (n=1,575) and rapid eye movement (REM)‐sleep behavior disorder (RBD) patients (n=533) and in controls (n=1,583)....
Abstract Objective To investigate the network dynamics mechanisms underlying differential initiation of epileptic inter‐ictal spikes and seizures. Methods We performed combined in‐vivo two‐photon calcium imaging from different targeted neuronal subpopulations and extracellular electrophysiological recordings during 4‐aminopyridine induced neocortical spikes and seizures. Results Both spikes and seizures were associated with intense synchronized activation of excitatory layer‐2/3 pyramidal...
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Related ArticlesPrinciples and current trends in the correlative evaluation of glioma by advanced MRI techniques and PET. Hell J Nucl Med. 2019 Sep-Dec;22(3):206-219 Authors: Tsiouris S, Bougias C, Fotopoulos A Abstract Cerebral gliomas comprise a heterogeneous group of primary neoplasms of the central nervous system, representing a significant cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is paramount for...
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Abstract We assessed the risk for toxoplasmosis in 10 school restaurants in Armenia (Quindio, Colombia). We analyzed the presence of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in the food, water, and living and inert surfaces of school restaurants, and we correlated these findings with the results of food safety inspection scores and with the prevalence of specific anti-T. gondii antibodies in children who ate at these restaurants. Of the 213 samples, 6.1% were positive using PCR to test for T. gondii...
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Related ArticlesAccuracy of diagnostic classification and clinical utility assessment of ICD-11 compared to ICD-10 in 10 mental disorders: findings from a web-based field study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2019 Oct 25;: Authors: Gaebel W, Stricker J, Riesbeck M, Zielasek J, Kerst A, Meisenzahl-Lechner E, Köllner V, Rose M, Hofmann T, Schäfer I, Lotzin A, Briken P, Klein V, Brunner F, Keeley JW, Brechbiel J, Rebello TJ, Andrews HF, Reed GM, Vogel U, Hasan A, Falkai...
Related ArticlesSex Differences in the Relationship between Student School Burnout and Problematic Internet Use among Adolescents. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Oct 24;16(21): Authors: Tomaszek K, Muchacka-Cymerman A Abstract BACKGROUND: The Internet has many positive sides, but it can also have a negative impact on human emotional-cognitive and behavioral functioning, especially during adolescence. To the most common consequences, the authors...
Related ArticlesImproving the Course of Depressive Symptoms After Inpatient Psychotherapy Using Adjunct Web-Based Self-Help: Follow-Up Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res. 2019 Oct 24;21(10):e13655 Authors: Zwerenz R, Baumgarten C, Becker J, Tibubos A, Siepmann M, Knickenberg RJ, Beutel ME Abstract BACKGROUND: We recently showed in a randomized controlled trial that Web-based self-help as an adjunct improved the effectiveness...
Related ArticlesAuditory Deficits in Audiovisual Speech Perception in Adult Asperger's Syndrome: fMRI Study. Front Psychol. 2019;10:2286 Authors: Tietze FA, Hundertmark L, Roy M, Zerr M, Sinke C, Wiswede D, Walter M, Münte TF, Szycik GR Abstract Audiovisual (AV) integration deficits have been proposed to underlie difficulties in speech perception in Asperger's syndrome (AS). It is not known, if the AV deficits are related to alterations in sensory processing...
Related ArticlesSystematic Review: Overlap Between Eating, Autism Spectrum, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Front Psychiatry. 2019;10:708 Authors: Nickel K, Maier S, Endres D, Joos A, Maier V, Tebartz van Elst L, Zeeck A Abstract Background: Links between eating disorders (EDs) [e.g., anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED)] and the major neurodevelopmental disorders of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)...
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by The PLOS ONE Staff
by Marcela K. Tello-Ruiz, Cristina F. Marco, Fei-Man Hsu, Rajdeep S. Khangura, Pengfei Qiao, Sirjan Sapkota, Michelle C. Stitzer, Rachael Wasikowski, Hao Wu, Junpeng Zhan, Kapeel Chougule, Lindsay C. Barone, Cornel Ghiban, Demitri Muna, Andrew C. Olson, Liya Wang, Doreen Ware, David A. Micklos The sophistication of gene prediction algorithms and the abundance of RNA-based evidence for the maize genome may suggest that manual curation of gene models is no longer necessary. However, quality metrics...
by The PLOS ONE Staff
by Ken Nakamura, Azumi Hamasaki, Tetsuro Uchida, Kimihiro Kobayashi, Ri Sho, Cholsu Kim, Hideaki Uchino, Takao Shimanuki, Mitsuaki Sadahiro Objective Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is one of the most commonly used mechanical circulatory assist devices for high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery. In an effort to validate previously reported clinical outcomes, we describe the preoperative characteristics and outcomes of patients who underwent prophylactic IABP in high-risk patients undergoing...
by The PLOS ONE Staff
by Zachary A. Smith, Alexander J. Barry, Monica Paliwal, Benjamin S. Hopkins, Donald Cantrell, Yasin Dhaher Methods Twenty patients with CSM and 17 controls were recruited. Clinical scores of modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) and Nurick were collected. MRI based compression grades such as cord distortion were assessed. Hand dysfunction was tested using a custom motorized apparatus. Subject’s forearm was placed in a cast and positioned such that their metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint...
by Brian Fry, James F. Carter The carbon isotopic compositions of amino acids are increasingly measured to characterize diets and metabolic response to diets. We report a new high-resolution system to measure the stable carbon isotopic composition of carboxyl atoms within amino acids. The automated system used HPLC to separate amino acids followed by addition of ninhydrin for decarboxylation and transfer of the evolved CO2 to a stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer for δ13CCARBOXYL measurement....
by Yoo-Ri Chung, Kyoung Hwa Ha, Kihwang Lee, Dae Jung Kim The sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) reduce the incidence of macrovascular complications of diabetes, while their effect on diabetic retinopathy has not been clarified. We compared the effects of SGLT2is with those of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is) on the risk of diabetic retinopathy and its progression in people with type 2 diabetes. We performed a retrospective cohort study among people with type 2 diabetes...
by Sébastien Soubeyrand, Paulina Lau, Victoria Peters, Ruth McPherson Inactive fusion variants of the CRISPR-Cas9 system are increasingly being used as standard methodology to study transcription regulation. Their ability to readily manipulate the native genomic loci is particularly advantageous. In this work, we serendipitously uncover the key cytokine IL6 as an off-target of the activating derivative of CRISPR (CRISPRa) while studying RP11-326A19.4, a novel long-non coding RNA (lncRNA). Increasing...
by Trista McKenzie, Henrietta Dulai, Jennet Chang Groundwater-surface water interactions drive water quality in both streams and the coastal ocean, where groundwater discharge occurs in streams as baseflow and along the coastline as submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). Groundwater contributions to streams and to the coastal ocean were quantified in three urban streams in Kāneʻohe Watershed, Hawaiʻi. We used radon as a groundwater tracer to show that baseflow contributions to streams ranged...
by Dayna L. Dreger, Blair N. Hooser, Angela M. Hughes, Balasubramanian Ganesan, Jonas Donner, Heidi Anderson, Lauren Holtvoigt, Kari J. Ekenstedt Direct-to-consumer canine genetic testing is becoming increasingly popular among dog owners. The data collected therein provides intriguing insight into the current status of morphological variation present within purebred populations. Mars WISDOM PANELTM data from 11,790 anonymized dogs, representing 212 breeds and 4 wild canine species, were evaluated...
by Uta Knoblauch, Gerhard Ritschel, Kerstin Weidner, Sabine Mogwitz, Christian Hannig, Gabriele Viergutz, Maria Lenk Objectives Various maternal mental disorders and socioeconomic status [SES] are discussed as risk factors for early childhood caries [ECC]. In our study, we examined a wide range of symptoms of mental disorders with the aim to identify those maternal psychopathological symptom burdens [PSBs] which show relevant associations with ECC. Our second objective was to investigate how SES...
by Michael Hirsch, Richard Wareham, Ji W. Yoon, Daniel J. Rolfe, Laura C. Zanetti-Domingues, Michael P. Hobson, Peter J. Parker, Marisa L. Martin-Fernandez, Sumeetpal S. Singh The dependence on model-fitting to evaluate particle trajectories makes it difficult for single particle tracking (SPT) to resolve the heterogeneous molecular motions typical of cells. We present here a global spatiotemporal sampler for SPT solutions using a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. The sampler does not find just...
by You-Jin Choi, Hyun-Jin Kwon, Jehoon O, Tae-Hyeon Cho, Ji Yeon Won, Hun-Mu Yang, Shin Hyung Kim The paravertebral spread that occurs after erector spinae plane block may be volume-dependent. This cadaveric study was undertaken to compare the extent of paravertebral spread with erector spinae plane block using different dye volumes. After randomization, twelve erector spinae plane blocks were performed bilaterally with either 10 ml or 30 ml of dye at the level of T5 in seven unembalmed cadavers...
by Lei Hu, Yuran Dong, Shucun Sun Plant-pollinator networks have been repeatedly reported as cumulative ones that are described with >1 years observations. However, such cumulative networks are composed of pairwise interactions recorded at different periods, and thus may not be able to reflect the reality of species interactions in nature (e.g., early-flowering plants typically do not compete for shared pollinators with late-flowering plants, but they are assumed to do so in accumulated networks)....
by Sonia Mediavilla, Ignacio Martín, Josefa Babiano, Alfonso Escudero Studies on plasticity at the level of a single individual plant provide indispensable information to predict leaf responses to climate change, because they allow better identification of the environmental factors that determine differences in leaf traits in the absence of genetic differences. Most of these studies have focused on the responses of leaf traits to variations in the light environment along vertical gradients,...
by John D. Coakley, Eamon P. Breen, Ana Moreno-Olivera, Alhanouf I. Al-Harbi, Ashanty M. Melo, Brian O’Connell, Ross McManus, Derek G. Doherty, Thomas Ryan Objective The role of Th1 and Th17 lymphocyte responses in human infection and sepsis of elderly patients has yet to be clarified. Design A prospective observational study of patients with sepsis, infection only and healthy controls. Setting The acute medical wards and intensive care units in a 1000 bed university hospital. Patients 32 patients...
by Dongdong Yan, Aocheng Cao, Qiuxia Wang, Yuan Li, Ouyang Canbin, Meixia Guo, Xiaoqin Guo Root-knot nematode is an important soil pest in horticulture crops and constrains the protected cultivation development after methyl bromide (MB) was phased out in China. Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) exhibits excellent efficacy against nematodes. Laboratory experiments and field trials were set up to clarify DMDS dose, efficacy, and yield. A dose-response experiment using three methods showed that DMDS presented...
by Hongbin Gao, Jingkuan Li Coal gangue has the shortcomings of low calorific value and refractory burnout, while polyvinyl chloride has the advantages of a long combustion process and high calorific value. In order to make up for these shortcomings of coal gangue, the possibility of a treatment method based on co-combustion of coal gangue with polyvinyl chloride, which can be centrally recovered from municipal solid waste, is proposed. In order to analyze the combustion effect of a mixture...
by Kristina Hasakova, Richard Reis, Marian Vician, Michal Zeman, Iveta Herichova Colorectal cancer represents a leading cause of cancer death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that have been extensively studied in tumours, since changes in their levels can reveal patient prognosis. Cancer progression is also influenced by the circadian system whose functioning is based on the rhythmic expression of clock genes. Therefore, we performed macroarray screening of tumour and adjacent...
by Md. Zakiul Hassan, Katharine Sturm-Ramirez, Mohammad Ziaur Rahman, Kamal Hossain, Mohammad Abdul Aleem, Mejbah Uddin Bhuiyan, Md. Muzahidul Islam, Mahmudur Rahman, Emily S. Gurley With limited infection control practices in overcrowded Bangladeshi hospitals, surfaces may play an important role in the transmission of respiratory pathogens in hospital wards and pose a serious risk of infection for patients, health care workers, caregivers and visitors. In this study, we aimed to identify if...
by Paul S. Micevych, Hee Eun Lee, Amani A. Fawzi Objectives To examine the topographical correlation between ellipsoid zone loss and telangiectasia in the deep capillary plexus in patients with macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel). Methods 38 eyes (20 subjects) diagnosed with MacTel were imaged with OCTA between March 2016 and June 2019 in this single center, cross-sectional observational study. The en face OCTA and OCT were evaluated for areas of deep capillary plexus telangiectasia and ellipsoid...
by Jacopo Lenzi, Vera Maria Avaldi, Dario Molinazzi, Carlo Descovich, Stefano Urbinati, Veronica Cappelli, Maria Pia Fantini A few studies have found that patients with heart failure (HF) living in less densely populated areas have reduced use of services and poorer outcomes. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding transport accessibility measured as the actual distance between the patient’s home and the healthcare facility. The aim of this study was to investigate if different urbanisation...
by David C. Steinl, Lifen Xu, Amanda Ochoa-Espinosa, Mukesh Punjabi, Beat A. Kaufmann Background Myocarditis can lead to myocyte loss and myocardial fibrosis resulting in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP). Currently employed methods for assessing the risk for development of DCMP are inaccurate or rely on invasive myocardial biopsies. We hypothesized that molecular imaging of tissue inflammation with contrast enhanced ultrasound during peak inflammation in myocarditis could predict development of fibrosis...
by Lucas Maahs, Bertha E. Sanchez, Nilesh Gupta, Meredith Van Harn, Evelyn R. Barrack, Prem-veer Reddy, Clara Hwang About half of the patients treated with docetaxel in the setting of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are non-responders. Therefore, a marker of response would be beneficial for clinical decision-making. We evaluated class III β-tubulin (βIII-tubulin) expression as a predictor of resistance in this setting, which previously has been correlated with lack of...
by James R. Hagerty, Emmitt R. Jolly Schistosomes are obligate helminths responsible for over 218 million cases of human schistosomiasis in 78 countries around the world. Infection occurs when free-swimming cercariae penetrate human skin and initiate developmental progression into parasitic obligate worms that consume red blood cells. Transcriptomic studies of infectious cercariae reveal abundant mRNAs associated with energy metabolism and host invasion. However, the cercaria is mostly transcriptionally...
by Vidya Balagopal, Andrew Hantel, Sabah Kadri, George Steinhardt, Chao Jie Zhen, Wenjun Kang, Pankhuri Wanjari, Lauren L. Ritterhouse, Wendy Stock, Jeremy P. Segal Improved systems for detection of measurable residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are urgently needed, however attempts to utilize broad-scale next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels to perform multi-gene surveillance in AML post-induction have been stymied by persistent premalignant mutation-bearing clones. We...
by Oliver Attie, Brian Sulkow, Chong Di, Weigang Qiu The Standard Genetic Code (SGC) is robust to mutational errors such that frequently occurring mutations minimally alter the physio-chemistry of amino acids. The apparent correlation between the evolutionary distances among codons and the physio-chemical distances among their cognate amino acids suggests an early co-diversification between the codons and amino acids. Here we formulated the co-minimization of evolutionary distances between codons...
by Daniel G. Datiko, Dereje Habte, Degu Jerene, Pedro Suarez Introduction Ethiopia is among the high-burden countries for tuberculosis (TB), TB/HIV, and drug-resistant TB. The aim of this nationwide study was to better understand TB-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) and generate evidence for policy and decision-making. Materials and methods We conducted a cross-sectional TB KAP survey in seven regions and two city administrations of Ethiopia. Eighty kebeles (wards) and 40 health...
by Leslie M. Stevens, Yuan Zhang, Yuri Volnov, Geng Chen, David S. Stein The extraordinarily strong non-covalent interaction between biotin and avidin (kD = 10−14–10−16) has permitted this interaction to be used in a wide variety of experimental contexts. The Biotin Acceptor Peptide (BAP), a 15 amino acid motif that can be biotinylated by the E. coli BirA protein, has been fused to proteins-of-interest, making them substrates for in vivo biotinylation. Here we report on the construction and...
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