INTRODUCTION In large congenital diaphragmatic hernias (CDHs), direct suture of the diaphragm is impossible. Surgeons can use a triangular internal oblique muscle (IOM) plus transverse abdominis muscle (TAM) flap. Its caudal limit faces the medial extremity of the 11th rib. Clinical studies show that the flap is not hypotonic but that the procedure could expose patients already presenting a hypoplastic lung to external oblique muscle (EOM) hypotonia. The aims of this study were to study EOM innervation...
Thu Oct 17, 2019 21:44
Introduction The esophagogastric junction is part of the barrier preventing gastroesophageal reflux. We have investigated the contribution of the phrenic nerves to innervation of the esophagogastric junction in humans and piglets by dissecting 30 embalmed human specimens and 14 piglets. Materials and Methods Samples were microdissected and nerves were stained and examined by light and electron microscopy. Results In 76.6% of the human specimens, the left phrenic nerve participated in...
Thu Oct 17, 2019 21:34
Background Implementing educational activities, such as a wet lab with cadaveric brain dissection, is known to have a direct impact on medical students' motivation. These activities demonstrate the clinical relevance of concepts taught in the classroom setting. The correlation between motivation and academic performance is not clear. Methods First year medical students participated in wet lab activities. The wet lab included cadaveric dissection of the surface and internal anatomy of the brain,...
Sun Oct 13, 2019 14:44
Introduction The shape of the calcaneus determines the mechanical interaction of the foot with the ground during the heel‐strike in human walking. Detailed knowledge of the pattern of sexual dimorphism of the human calcaneus could help to clarify the pathogenetic mechanism of foot and knee disorders, which are more prevalent in females. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize and visualize the three‐dimensional shape variations of the calcaneus in relation to sex and age using geometric...
Sun Oct 13, 2019 14:43
Revision of the international standard anatomical terminology is required periodically to add names for new entities, delete archaic terms, and correct errors in existing terms. In addition to a small set of nomenclature rules, three principles have guided revisions: names should not be changed unless they are wrong; corrections of perceived errors should not be pedantic; and inclusion of every minor structure should not be attempted. These principles have served well, and are expected to continue...
Fri Oct 11, 2019 18:03
The purpose of our experimental research was to assess the effects of aging on the main corneal structures in healthy corneas. Small, human cornea samples were collected from 20 Caucasian subjects during surgery for traumatic lesions to the eye. Ten subjects were adults (mean age 28 years) and ten were elderly (mean age 76 years). Morphological analysis was carried out using light microscopy and electron microscopy. Another 40 patients (20 young: mean age ˂ 30 yrs; 20 elderly: mean age ˃ 70yrs) were...
Tue Oct 08, 2019 15:23
Introduction the high number of marginal mandibular nerve (MMN) anatomical variants have a well‐known clinical significance due to the risk of nerve injury in several surgical procedures. The aim of this study was to find and systematize the available anatomical data concerning this nerve. Materials and Methods The PubMed and Scopus databases were investigated in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses guidelines. All studies reporting extractable...
Tue Oct 08, 2019 11:35
Introduction The success of a total hip arthroplasty is directly related to the ability of the implant to match original femoral morphology. Given this critical relationship, we characterized normal proximal femoral morphology as it relates to sex, age, and symmetry. Materials and Methods Sixty abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) scans (30 male and 30 female, ages 20‐85 years old) from patients without any osseous pathology or implants were utilized. Three‐dimensional models were constructed...
Tue Oct 08, 2019 11:22
Introduction Cadaver preservation methods impact their utilisation in anatomical research and teaching. Thiel‐embalmed cadavers show flexibility, however, the cause remains poorly understood. This study aimed to i) describe qualitative and quantitative histological differences between Thiel‐embalmed and formalin‐fixed skeletal muscle and tendon tissue; ii) investigate whether boric acid in Thiel solution is solely responsible for modification of tissues, and iii) explore whether the modifications...
Tue Oct 08, 2019 11:18
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