• The Journal of Immunology current issue
• T Cell-Specific Adaptor Protein Regulates Mitochondrial Function and CD4+ T Regulatory Cell Activity In Vivo following Transplantation [TRANSPLANTATION]

  Key PointsTSAd knockout mice mount accelerated rejection responses following transplantation. TSAd is a potent regulator of cellular activation in CD4+ Tregs. TSAd knockout CD4+ Tregs fail to shuttle Lck from the cytoplasm to mitochondria.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• IL-25 Orchestrates Activation of Th Cells via Conventional Dendritic Cells in Tissue to Exacerbate Chronic House Dust Mite-Induced Asthma Pathology [MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY]

  Key PointsIL-25 contributes to specific disease phenotypes in chronic HDM-induced asthma. Lung remodeling is partly dependent on IL-25 signaling in cDCs and in Th cells. IL-25 induces clustering of Th9 T cells next to IL-25–activated cDCs in airways.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Lymphatic Cannulation for Lymph Sampling and Molecular Delivery [NOVEL IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS]

  Key PointsLymph carries the "omic," vesicular, and immune cell signature of the draining organs. Lymph analysis provides precise and "undiluted" biochemical and cellular information. A protocol for lymph collection from mouse and rat lymphatics is reported.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• A Hint of Primitive Mucosal Immunity in Shrimp through Marsupenaeus japonicus Gill C-Type Lectin [MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY]

  Key PointsMjGCTL provides functional evidence of immune defense in shrimp gills. Gill defense by MjGCTL reveals primitive mucosal immunity in shrimp.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• KIR Polymorphism Modulates the Size of the Adaptive NK Cell Pool in Human Cytomegalovirus-Infected Individuals [INNATE IMMUNITY AND INFLAMMATION]

  Key PointsKIR polymorphism crucially influences NK cell responses to HCMV. The size of NKG2C expansions correlates with loss of KIR repertoire diversity. These NKG2C expansions correlated with the HCMV-specific Ab concentration.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Identification of an Increased Alveolar Macrophage Subpopulation in Old Mice That Displays Unique Inflammatory Characteristics and Is Permissive to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection [INNATE IMMUNITY AND INFLAMMATION]

  Key PointsThis study identified two distinct alveolar macrophage populations in old mice. A CD11c+ CD11b– alveolar macrophage population is immune regulatory. CD11c+ CD11b+ macrophages are more inflammatory and permissive for M. tuberculosis.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Cross-Reactive Antigen Expressed by B6 Splenocytes Drives Receptor Editing and Marginal Zone Differentiation of IgG2a-Reactive AM14 V{kappa}8 B Cells [AUTOIMMUNITY]

  Key PointsThe AM14 V8 BCR recognizes a B6-derived cross-reactive Ag. This B6 self-antigen induces anergy, receptor editing, and MZ B cell development. Anergic AM14 V8 B cells can be fully activated by nucleic acid containing ICs.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Induced Bronchoalveolar Lavage Gene Expression Signature in Latent Tuberculosis Infection Is Dominated by Pleiotropic Effects of CD4+ T Cell-Dependent IFN-{gamma} Production despite the Presence of Polyfunctional T Cells within the Airways [INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND HOST RESPONSE]

  Key PointsIFN- dominates the CD4+-dependent M. tuberculosis–induced BAL cell gene signature in LTBI. Nevertheless, CD4+ BAL cells in LTBI display polyfunctional responses to M. tuberculosis. This signature may provide a means to assess vaccine-induced local immunity to M. tuberculosis.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Early KLRG1+ but Not CD57+CD8+ T Cells in Primary Cytomegalovirus Infection Predict Effector Function and Viral Control [CLINICAL AND HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY]

  Key PointsWe report (to our knowledge) novel CMV-specific KLRG1+CD27+ CD57+/– CD8+ TAEFF in primary infection. KLRG1+ TAEFF correlates with CMV function and control in lung transplant patients.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Cutting Edge: USP27X Deubiquitinates and Stabilizes the DNA Sensor cGAS to Regulate Cytosolic DNA-Mediated Signaling [CUTTING EDGE]

  Key PointsUSP27X promotes deubiquitination and stabilization of cGAS. USP27X deficiency impairs cGAS-mediated innate signaling. USP27X positively regulates innate antiviral immunity to DNA viruses.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Cutting Edge: ROR1/CD19 Receptor Complex Promotes Growth of Mantle Cell Lymphoma Cells Independently of the B Cell Receptor-BTK Signaling Pathway [CUTTING EDGE]

  Key PointsAberrant ROR1 expression correlates with a lack of cell response to BTK inhibition. ROR1 associates and forms an active signaling complex with the CD19 receptor. ROR1/CD19 signaling substitutes for BCR/BTK signaling in promoting cell growth.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• miR-301a Regulates Inflammatory Response to Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection via Suppression of NKRF Activity [INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND HOST RESPONSE]

  Key PointsJEV infection elicits miR-301a upregulation in microglial cells. miR-301a upregulation reduces NKRF abundance, thus amplifying NF-B signaling. Inhibiting miR-301a reduces microglia-mediated bystander killing of neurons.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Progranulin Decreases Susceptibility to Streptococcus pneumoniae in Influenza and Protects against Lethal Coinfection [INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND HOST RESPONSE]

  Key PointsPGRN decreases postinfluenza susceptibility to S. pneumoniae coinfection in mice. PGRN increases survival of mice in lethal influenza/S. pneumoniae coinfection. PGRN suppresses lung inflammation and ERS-mediated apoptosis in coinfection.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Intra- and Extracellular Degradation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps by Macrophages and Dendritic Cells [INNATE IMMUNITY AND INFLAMMATION]

  Key PointsLL-37 antimicrobial peptides promote macrophage uptake of NETs. NETs modulate LPS-induced cytokine responses in macrophages and DCs. NETs are digested intra- and extracellularly by TREX1 and DNase1L3.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Involvement of GPx4-Regulated Lipid Peroxidation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Pathogenesis [CLINICAL AND HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY]

  Key PointsReduced GPx4 and increased lipid peroxidation are exhibited in IPF lung fibroblasts. Lipid peroxidation is involved in lung fibrosis development through TGF-β signaling. GPx4-regulated lipid peroxidation can be a therapeutic target for IPF.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• IL-10 Has Differential Effects on the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems of Septic Patients [CLINICAL AND HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY]

  Key PointsIL-10 inhibition increases T cell IFN- and monocyte TNF-α in septic patients. rhIL-10 increases T cell production of IFN- in septic patient PBMCs. rhIL-10 decreases monocyte TNF-α production and HLA-DR expression in sepsis.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Glucocorticoids Oppose Thymocyte Negative Selection by Inhibiting Helios and Nur77 [IMMUNE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT]

  Key PointsThymocyte GR deficiency enhances Ag-specific negative selection. GCs antagonize negative selection by repressing Helios and Nur77 expression.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Dissection of the Effects of JAK and BTK Inhibitors on the Functionality of Healthy and Malignant Lymphocytes [CLINICAL AND HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY]

  Key PointsJAK inhibitors momelotinib and ruxolitinib show differential effects on CLL cells. JAK inhibitors may be a promising addition for CLL therapy.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Helicobacter pylori Exploits the NLRC4 Inflammasome to Dampen Host Defenses [INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND HOST RESPONSE]

  Key PointsH. pylori induces IL-18 through the NLRC4 inflammasome in gastric epithelial cells. IL-18 blocks β-defensin 1 expression via NF-B activation. NLRC4 contributes to H. pylori immunoescape.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• CD24hiCD38hi and CD24hiCD27+ Human Regulatory B Cells Display Common and Distinct Functional Characteristics [IMMUNE REGULATION]

  Key PointsCD24hiCD27+ Bregs and TBs represent major Bregs in humans. CD24hiCD27+ Bregs express IL-10 and increased levels of granzyme B and TGFβ1. CD24hiCD27+ Bregs are more efficient than TBs at suppressing T cell responses.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Terminal Effector CD8 T Cells Defined by an IKZF2+IL-7R- Transcriptional Signature Express Fc{gamma}RIIIA, Expand in HIV Infection, and Mediate Potent HIV-Specific Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity [INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND HOST RESPONSE]

  Key PointsChronic HIV-1 is associated with increased levels of FcRIIIA+ CD8 T cells. FcRIIIA+ CD8 T cells display an innate transcriptomic profile akin to NK cells. ADCC is mediated by FcRIIIA+ CD8 T cells at levels comparable with NK cells.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• IgM, IgG, and IgA Influenza-Specific Plasma Cells Express Divergent Transcriptomes [IMMUNE REGULATION]

  Key PointsA fix/permeabilization approach allows isolation of Ag- and isotype-specific ASC. IgM, IgG, and IgA ASC have shared and distinct transcriptome components. Each ASC isotype displays distinct, expanded CDR3 regions.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Glutathione Reductase Promotes Fungal Clearance and Suppresses Inflammation during Systemic Candida albicans Infection in Mice [INNATE IMMUNITY AND INFLAMMATION]

  Key PointsGsr–/– mice exhibited markedly increased susceptibility to C. albicans challenge. Gsr–/– neutrophils display defects in fungicidal activity. Gsr–/– macrophages exhibit an enhanced inflammatory response.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Regulatory Macrophages Inhibit Alternative Macrophage Activation and Attenuate Pathology Associated with Fibrosis [IMMUNE REGULATION]

  Key PointsRMs inhibit alternative M activation. Inhibition of alternate activation by RMs was not entirely dependent on IL-10. RM attenuated alternative activated M-mediated pathological conditions in peritoneal fibrosis.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• IL-37 Attenuates Lung Fibrosis by Inducing Autophagy and Regulating TGF-{beta}1 Production in Mice [INNATE IMMUNITY AND INFLAMMATION]

  Key PointsIL-37 is expressed in alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages. IL-37 levels are decreased in lung and blood obtained from IPF patients. IL-37 attenuates lung fibrosis by inducing autophagy and inhibiting TGF-β1 signaling.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Comment on "Self versus Nonself Discrimination by the Soluble Complement Regulators Factor H and FHL-1" [LETTERS TO THE EDITOR]

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• The Role of TTP Phosphorylation in the Regulation of Inflammatory Cytokine Production by MK2/3 [INNATE IMMUNITY AND INFLAMMATION]

  Key PointsMK2/3 are the only LPS-induced kinases for S52 and S178 of TTP. TNF regulation by MK2/3 is not restricted to TTP phosphorylation at S52 and S178. The MK2/3/TTP signaling axis contributes to sepsis in vivo.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Regulatory T Cell Development in the Thymus [BRIEF REVIEWS]

  Development of a comprehensive regulatory T (Treg) cell compartment in the thymus is required to maintain immune homeostasis and prevent autoimmunity. In this study, we review cellular and molecular determinants of Treg cell development in the thymus. We focus on the evidence for a self-antigen–focused Treg cell repertoire as well as the APCs responsible for presenting self-antigens to developing thymocytes. We also cover the contribution of diff

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Response to Comment on "Self versus Nonself Discrimination by the Soluble Complement Regulators Factor H and FHL-1" [LETTERS TO THE EDITOR]

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Identification of a Novel Role for Foxo3 Isoform2 in Osteoclastic Inhibition [IMMUNE REGULATION]

  Key PointsThis study reveals the first (to our knowledge) known biological function of Foxo3 isoform2 in bone. Foxo3 isoform2 is an activator for IFN-I response and an osteoclastic inhibitor. Foxo3 isoform2 mice exclusively expressing isoform2 show osteopetrosis phenotype.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• In This Issue [IN THIS ISSUE]

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00
• Distinct PLZF+CD8{alpha}{alpha}+ Unconventional T Cells Enriched in Liver Use a Cytotoxic Mechanism to Limit Autoimmunity [IMMUNE REGULATION]

  Key PointsPLZF expression in CD8αα Tunc distinguishes them from conventional CD8 T cells. CD8αα Tunc express NK cell markers and are dependent upon IL-2Rβ signaling. CD8αα Tunc use perforin in a negative feedback mechanism to control autoimmunity.

  The Journal of Immunology current issue

  Mon Oct 07, 2019 13:00