• 
  Discovery and evaluation of Atopaxar hydrobromide, a novel JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, selectively induces apoptosis of cancer cells with constitutively activated STAT3

  Summary The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway plays a vital role in immunity, cell division, cell death and tumor formation. Disrupted JAK-STAT signaling may lead to various diseases, especially cancer and immune disorders. Because of its importance, this signaling pathway has received significant attention from the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries as a therape

  Latest Results for Investigational New Drugs

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Cancers
• Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1560: Cocktail Strategy Based on NK Cell-Derived Exosomes and Their Biomimetic Nanoparticles for Dual Tumor Therapy

  Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1560: Cocktail Strategy Based on NK Cell-Derived Exosomes and Their Biomimetic Nanoparticles for Dual Tumor Therapy Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101560 Authors: Wang Hu Chen Shou Ye Xu Successful cancer therapy requires drugs being precisely delivered to tumors. Nanosized drugs have attracted considerable recent attention, but their toxicity and high immunogenicity are important obstacles

  Cancers

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1559: The Management of Oligoprogression in the Landscape of New Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma

  Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1559: The Management of Oligoprogression in the Landscape of New Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101559 Authors: Michele Guida Nicola Bartolomeo Ivana De Risi Livia Fucci Andrea Armenio Ruggero Filannino Eustachio Ruggieri Francesco Macina Michele Traversa Annalisa Nardone Francesco Figliuolo Federica De Luca Fabio Mele Stefania Tommasi Sabino

  Cancers

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1558: Outcomes of Patients with Early Onset Colorectal Cancer Treated in a UK Specialist Cancer Center

  Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1558: Outcomes of Patients with Early Onset Colorectal Cancer Treated in a UK Specialist Cancer Center Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101558 Authors: Georgiou Khakoo Edwards Minchom Kouvelakis Kalaitzaki Nobar Calamai Ifijen Husson Watkins Rao Chau Cunningham Starling The incidence of early onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) is rapidly increasing, but there

  Cancers

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1561: RAD52 as a Potential Target for Synthetic Lethality-Based Anticancer Therapies

  Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1561: RAD52 as a Potential Target for Synthetic Lethality-Based Anticancer Therapies Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101561 Authors: Toma Sullivan-Reed Śliwiński Skorski Alterations in DNA repair systems play a key role in the induction and progression of cancer. Tumor-specific defects in DNA repair mechanisms and activation of alternative repair routes create the opportunity to employ a phenomenon

  Cancers

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1556: Topical 2′-Hydroxyflavanone for Cutaneous Melanoma

  Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1556: Topical 2′-Hydroxyflavanone for Cutaneous Melanoma Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101556 Authors: Bose Singh Igid Green Singhal Lee Palade Rajan Ball Tonk Hindle Tarbox Awasthi 2′-hydroxyflavanone (2HF) is a dietary flavonoid with anticancer activity towardsmultiple cancers. Here, we report that topically applied 2HF inhibits the growth of intradermal

  Cancers

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1557: Exosomes: Versatile Nano Mediators of Immune Regulation

  Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1557: Exosomes: Versatile Nano Mediators of Immune Regulation Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101557 Authors: Li Wang Peng Huyan Cacalano One of many types of extracellular vesicles (EVs), exosomes are nanovesicle structures that are released by almost all living cells that can perform a wide range of critical biological functions. Exosomes play important roles in both normal and pathological co

  Cancers

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1554: Predictive Factors for Response to PD-1/PD-L1 Checkpoint Inhibition in the Field of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Status and Challenges

  Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1554: Predictive Factors for Response to PD-1/PD-L1 Checkpoint Inhibition in the Field of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Status and Challenges Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101554 Authors: Zuzana Macek Jilkova Caroline Aspord Thomas Decaens Immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoints are fast-developing therapeutic approaches adopted for several tumor types that trigger unprecedented rates of durable

  Cancers

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1555: The Role of Hypoxia and the Immune System in Tumor Radioresistance

  Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1555: The Role of Hypoxia and the Immune System in Tumor Radioresistance Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101555 Authors: Paul N. Span Jan Bussink Radiotherapy is given to a majority of patients with cancer, and remains one of the most (cost)effective treatment options available [...]

  Cancers

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1552: Ligand-Independent EGFR Activation by Anchorage-Stimulated Src Promotes Cancer Cell Proliferation and Cetuximab Resistance via ErbB3 Phosphorylation

  Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1552: Ligand-Independent EGFR Activation by Anchorage-Stimulated Src Promotes Cancer Cell Proliferation and Cetuximab Resistance via ErbB3 Phosphorylation Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101552 Authors: Masami Nozaki Hiroki Yasui Yuichi Ohnishi Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway plays an important role in the progression of cancer and is associated with a poor prognosis in pa

  Cancers

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1553: ALDH1A2 Is a Candidate Tumor Suppressor Gene in Ovarian Cancer

  Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1553: ALDH1A2 Is a Candidate Tumor Suppressor Gene in Ovarian Cancer Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101553 Authors: Jung-A Choi Hyunja Kwon Hanbyoul Cho Joon-Yong Chung Stephen M. Hewitt Jae-Hoon Kim Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A2 (ALDH1A2) is a rate-limiting enzyme involved in cellular retinoic acid synthesis. However, its functional role in ovarian cancer remains elusive. Here, we fo

  Cancers

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1551: MicroRNAs Which Can Prognosticate Aggressiveness of Bladder Cancer

  Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1551: MicroRNAs Which Can Prognosticate Aggressiveness of Bladder Cancer Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101551 Authors: Edyta Marta Borkowska Tomasz Konecki Michał Pietrusiński Maciej Borowiec Zbigniew Jabłonowski Bladder cancer (BC) is still characterized by a very high death rate in patients with this disease. One of the reasons for this is the lack of adequate markers which could help determine t

  Cancers

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1550: Spironolactone, a Classic Potassium-Sparing Diuretic, Reduces Survivin Expression and Chemosensitizes Cancer Cells to Non-DNA-Damaging Anticancer Drugs

  Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1550: Spironolactone, a Classic Potassium-Sparing Diuretic, Reduces Survivin Expression and Chemosensitizes Cancer Cells to Non-DNA-Damaging Anticancer Drugs Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101550 Authors: Tomomi Sanomachi Shuhei Suzuki Keita Togashi Asuka Sugai Shizuka Seino Masashi Okada Takashi Yoshioka Chifumi Kitanaka Masahiro Yamamoto Spironolactone, a classical diuretic drug, is us

  Cancers

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• G3: .Genes, Genomes, Genetics Mission - Online First Articles
• A Highly Contiguous Reference Genome for Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus)

  Northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) are small quails in the New World Quail family (Odontophoridae) and are one of the most phenotypically diverse avian species. Despite extensive research on bobwhite ecology, genomic studies investigating the evolution of phenotypic diversity in this species are lacking. Here, we present a new, highly contiguous assembly for bobwhites using tissue samples from a vouchered, wild, female bird collected in Lou

  G3: .Genes, Genomes, Genetics Mission - Online First Articles

  Mon Oct 14, 2019 13:58
• OsSPL10, a SBP-Box Gene, Plays a Dual Role in Salt Tolerance and Trichome Formation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

  Salinity is one of the major abiotic stress factors limiting rice production. Glabrousness is a trait of agronomic importance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). We previously found a single-gene recessive mutant sst, which displayed increased salt tolerance and glabrous leaf and glume without trichomes, and identified an SBP-box gene OsSPL10 as the candidate of the SST gene. In this study, OsSPL10-knockout and OsSPL10-overexpression mutants were created

  G3: .Genes, Genomes, Genetics Mission - Online First Articles

  Mon Oct 14, 2019 13:58
• Genetic Architecture of Chilling Tolerance in Sorghum Dissected with a Nested Association Mapping Population

  Dissecting the genetic architecture of stress tolerance in crops is critical to understand and improve adaptation. In temperate climates, early planting of chilling-tolerant varieties could provide longer growing seasons and drought escape, but chilling tolerance (<15°) is generally lacking in tropical-origin crops. Here we developed a nested association mapping (NAM) population to dissect the genetic architecture of early-season chilling toleran

  G3: .Genes, Genomes, Genetics Mission - Online First Articles

  Mon Oct 14, 2019 13:58
• Psychophysiology
• Negative expectations influence behavioral and ERP responses in the subsequent recognition of expectancy‐incongruent neutral events

  Abstract Previous studies have shown that expectancy incongruence in emotional stimuli influences the encoding (i.e., the first stage of memory processing) of the stimuli. However, it is unknown about whether expectancy incongruence influences later stages of memory processing, such as recognition. To this end, expectancy cues were presented prior to emotional pictures. Most often, the cues accurately indicated the emotional consequences of the

  Psychophysiology

  Mon Oct 14, 2019 07:22
• Estimating statistical power for event‐related potential studies using the late positive potential

  Abstract The late positive potential (LPP) is a common measurement used to study emotional processes of subjects in ERP paradigms. Despite its extensive use in affective neuroscience, there is presently no gold standard for how to appropriately power ERP studies using the LPP. The present study investigates how the number of trials, number of subjects, and magnitude of the effect size affect statistical power in analyses of the LPP. Using Monte

  Psychophysiology

  Mon Oct 14, 2019 07:22
• The use of stimulus perception to account for variability in skin conductance responses to interoceptive stimuli

  Abstract Activity of the electrodermal response system is customarily expressed in relation to physical stimulus properties and not to perceived features. In situations where the delivery of physically identical stimuli can be challenging, such as in interoception research, this variability might pose a challenge for contemporary SCR analyses. Therefore, we investigated the extent to which activity in the electrodermal response system triggered

  Psychophysiology

  Mon Oct 14, 2019 02:23
• Clinical Ophthalmology
• Comparison Of Surgical Outcomes Of 360° Circumferential Trabeculotomy Versus Sectoral Excisional Goniotomy With The Kahook Dual Blade At 6 Months

  Clinical Ophthalmology

  Mon Oct 14, 2019 19:01
• Cancer Science
• Phase II study of nab‐paclitaxel+carboplatin for patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer and interstitial lung disease

  Abstract The prognosis of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) is poor, and 5–20% of those receiving chemotherapy experience ILD exacerbation. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of nab‐paclitaxel plus carboplatin for NSCLC patients with ILD, we conducted a multicenter phase II study. Chemotherapy‐naïve patients with advanced NSCLC, and mild or moderate ILD, received nab‐paclitaxel (100 mg/m2, days 1,

  Cancer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 11:39
• Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
• Differential expression of p52 and RelB proteins in the metastatic and non-metastatic groups of uveal melanoma with patient outcome

  Abstract Purpose Non-canonical NFκB (NC-NFκB) pathway plays an influential role in metastasis, which promotes cancer proliferation and progression. The aim of the study was to examine the expression of NC-NFκB proteins and their correlation with clinicopathological factors associated with metastatic cases of uveal melanoma (UM) and with the patient outcome.

  Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Postoperative biochemical recurrence of pathologically localized high-grade prostate cancer in adjuvant treatment-naïve patients

  Abstract Purpose To evaluate biochemical recurrence (BCR) risk in men with localized prostate cancer (PC) of pathological Gleason score (pGS) 8–10. Although such patients have low BCR-free survival (BCRFS) following radical prostatectomy (RP), they are not recommended for adjuvant radiation therapy (ART) as per current guidelines.

  Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Pediatric Radiology
• It’s time to recognize the perichondrium

  Abstract The perichondrium is a complex structure centered at the chondro-osseous junction of growing bones. It plays an important role in both normal skeletal development and in pathological conditions. This review illustrates the normal anatomy, function and imaging appearance of the perichondrium from fetal development to older childhood. The radiologic appearance of the perichondrium in skeletal trauma, infection and tumors

  Pediatric Radiology

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Strahlentherapie und Onkologie
• Dosis-Deeskalation der adjuvanten Radiochemotherapie bei HPV-positiven Oropharynxkarzinomen: die MC1273-Phase-II-Studie

  Strahlentherapie und Onkologie

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• HNO
• Immuntherapie von Kopf-Hals-Tumoren

  Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Auf dem Feld der Immuntherapie von Kopf-Hals-Tumoren ist weiterhin eine hohe Studienaktivität zu verzeichnen. Beim diesjährigen Treffen der American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) waren v. a. die Ergebnisse der Keynote-048-Studie zur Erstlinientherapie mit Pembrolizumab ein Highlight. Material

  HNO

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Odontology
• Surface roughness and wear behavior of occlusal splint materials made of contemporary and high-performance polymers

  Abstract With the development of a digital technology of computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and new age materials, the use of new types of occlusal splint is to consider. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the surface roughness (Ra) and wear behavior of different CAD/CAM materials against enamel antagonist through a simulated chewing test. A total of 75 specimens made from ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polymeth

  Odontology

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• PeerJ Computer Science
• Preoperative inflammatory markers of NLR and PLR as indicators of poor prognosis in resectable HCC

  Background Many recent studies have demonstrated the predominant role chronic inflammation plays in cancer cell propagation, angiogenesis and immunosuppression. Cancer-related inflammation (CRI) has been shown to correlate with poor cancer prognosis. Our study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) wh

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Land use conversion from peat swamp forest to oil palm agriculture greatly modifies microclimate and soil conditions

  Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) agriculture is rapidly expanding and requires large areas of land in the tropics to meet the global demand for palm oil products. Land cover conversion of peat swamp forest to oil palm (large- and small-scale oil palm production) is likely to have negative impacts on microhabitat conditions. This study assessed the impact of peat swamp forest conversion to oil palm plantation on microclimate conditions and soil charac

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Population genetics and historical demographic inferences of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus in the US based on microsatellites

  The native range of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus spans Nova Scotia to northern Argentina. In the US, it constitutes a keystone species in estuarine habitats of the Atlantic coast and Gulf of Mexico (GOM), serving as both predator and prey to other species, and also has historically represented a multi-billion dollar fishery. Knowledge relevant to effective management and monitoring of this ecologically and economically important species, suc

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Environmental filtering of body size and darker coloration in pollinator communities indicate thermal restrictions on bees, but not flies, at high elevations

  Background Bees and flies are the two most dominant pollinator taxa in mountain environments of the Southwest USA. Communities of both taxa change dramatically along elevation gradients. We examined whether bee and fly traits would also change along elevation gradients and if so, do they change in a predictable way related to a decrease in temperature as elevation increases. Methods

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Supernumerary teeth observed in a live True’s beaked whale in the Bay of Biscay

  Mesoplodont beaked whales are one of the most enigmatic mammalian genera. We document a pod of four beaked whales in the Bay of Biscay breaching and tail slapping alongside a large passenger ferry. Photographs of the animals were independently reviewed by experts, and identified as True’s beaked whales (Mesoplodon mirus). This is the first conclusive live sighting of these animals in the north-east Atlantic, and adds information to previous sight

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• The planktonic stages of the salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) are tolerant of end-of-century pCO2 concentrations

  The copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis is an obligate ectoparasite of salmonids. Salmon lice are major pests in salmon aquaculture and due to its economic impact Lepeophtheirus salmonis is one of the most well studied species of marine parasite. However, there is limited understanding of how increased concentration of pCO2 associated with ocean acidification will impact host-parasite relationships. We investigated the effects of increased pCO2 on gr

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• The relationships between water storage and biomass components in two conifer species

  Background Water storage is a significant physiological index of vegetation growth. However, information on water storage at the individual tree level and its relationship to climatic conditions and productivity is scarce. Methods We performed a comparative analysis of water storage using field measurements acquired three age classes of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) and Korean larch (Larix olgensis). The distributions of water

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Layered patterns in nature, medicine, and materials: quantifying anisotropic structures and cyclicity

  Various natural patterns—such as terrestrial sand dune ripples, lamellae in vertebrate bones, growth increments in fish scales and corals, aortas and lamellar corpuscles in humans and animals—comprise layers of different thicknesses and lengths. Microstructures in manmade materials—such as alloys, perlite steels, polymers, ceramics, and ripples induced by laser on the surface of graphen—also exhibit layered structures. These layered patterns form

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• A prognostic nomogram for overall survival in male breast cancer with histology of infiltrating duct carcinoma after surgery

  Objective The study was designed to construct and validate a nomogram for predicting overall survival (OS) of male breast cancer (MBC) patients with infiltrating duct carcinoma (IDC). Methods The cohort was selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2013. Univariate and multivariate Cox propo

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the WRKY genes in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) under alkaline stress

  Background The WRKY transcription factor family plays crucial roles in many aspects of physiological processes and adaption to environment. Although the WRKY genes have been widely identified in various plant species, the structure and function of the WRKY family in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) remains unknown. Methods In the present study, the WRKY genes were ident

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Beetle larvae with unusually large terminal ends and a fossil that beats them all (Scraptiidae, Coleoptera)

  Larvae, and especially fossil larvae, are challenging to deal with from a purely taxonomic view. Often one cannot determine which species the larvae belong to. Yet, larvae can still contribute to various scientific questions. Especially morphological traits of a fossil larva can be highly informative for reconstructing character evolution. Also the occurrence of specific larval types and larval characters in time and the disappearance of such for

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Bioinformatic and biochemical analysis of the key binding sites of the pheromone binding protein of Cyrtotrachelus buqueti Guerin-Meneville (Coleoptera: Curculionidea)

  The bamboo snout beetle Cyrtotrachelus buqueti is a widely distributed wood-boring pest found in China, and its larvae cause significant economic losses because this beetle targets a wide range of host plants. A potential pest management measure of this beetle involves regulating olfactory chemoreceptors. In the process of olfactory recognition, pheromone-binding proteins (PBPs) play an important role. Homology modeling and molecular docking were

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00
• Oomycete metabarcoding reveals the presence of Lagenidium spp. in phytotelmata

  The oomycete genus Lagenidium, which includes the mosquito biocontrol agent L. giganteum, is composed of animal pathogens, yet is phylogenetically closely related to the well characterized plant pathogens Phytophthora and Pythium spp. These phylogenetic affinities were further supported by the identification of canonical oomycete effectors in the L. giganteum transcriptome. In this study, culture-independent, metabarcoding analyses aimed at detec

  PeerJ Computer Science

  Sun Oct 13, 2019 17:00