Abstract Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway with targeted monoclonal antibodies has demonstrated encouraging anti-tumour activity in multiple cancer types. We present the case of a patient with BRAF-negative stage IVC anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) treated with the anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, pembrolizumab, following radiographic progression on chemoradiation. Blood samples were collected prior to and at four time points during treatment with pembrolizumab. Mass cytometry was...
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Abstract Diffusing alpha-emitters radiation therapy (DaRT) is the only known method for treating solid tumors with highly destructive alpha radiation. More importantly, as a monotherapy, DaRT has been shown to induce a systemic antitumor immune response following tumor ablation. Here, immunomodulatory strategies to boost the antitumor immune response induced by DaRT, and the response specificity, were investigated in the colon cancer CT26 mouse model. Local treatment prior to DaRT, with...
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Publication date: Available online 20 October 2019Source: Cancer/RadiothérapieAuthor(s): A. BurgunRésuméL’intelligence artificielle est une notion hautement polysémique. Pour réaliser un raisonnement complexe dans la vie réelle, et s’adapter à des connaissances et des situations nouvelles, deux grandes approches sont développées en informatique : les réseaux de neurones basés sur le modèle connexionniste (deep learning) pour l’apprentissage, et les méthodes symboliques et logiques capables de travailler...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 17:39
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1607: Constitutive or Induced HIF-2 Addiction is Involved in Resistance to Anti-EGFR Treatment and Radiation Therapy in HNSCC Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101607 Authors: Coliat Ramolu Jégu Gaiddon Jung Pencreach Background: management of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) include anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) antibodies and radiotherapy, but resistance emerges in most patients. RAS mutations lead to primary resistance...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1608: Productive Cross-Talk with the Microenvironment: A Critical Step in Ovarian Cancer Metastasis Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101608 Authors: Aziz Agarwal Dasari Mitra Most ovarian cancer patients present with disseminated disease at the time of their diagnosis, which is one of the main reasons for their poor prognosis. Metastasis is a multi-step process and a clear understanding of the mechanism of regulation of these steps remains elusive. Productive...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1605: The Microenvironment of Pituitary Tumors—Biological and Therapeutic Implications Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101605 Authors: Mirela Diana Ilie Alexandre Vasiljevic Gérald Raverot Philippe Bertolino The tumor microenvironment (TME) includes resident and infiltrative non-tumor cells, as well as blood and lymph vessels, extracellular matrix molecules, and numerous soluble factors, such as cytokines and chemokines. While the TME is now considered...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1603: A Novel Predictor Tool of Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy Based on a Five-MicroRNA Tissue Signature Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101603 Authors: Zhongwei Zhao Sabine Weickmann Monika Jung Michael Lein Ergin Kilic Carsten Stephan Andreas Erbersdobler Annika Fendler Klaus Jung Within five to ten years after radical prostatectomy (RP), approximately 15–34% of prostate cancer (PCa) patients experience biochemical...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1606: A Toolbox for Functional Analysis and the Systematic Identification of Diagnostic and Prognostic Gene Expression Signatures Combining Meta-Analysis and Machine Learning Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101606 Authors: Veronesi Kunz The identification of biomarker signatures is important for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, the detection of clinical reliable signatures is influenced by limited data availability, which may restrict statistical power....
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1604: The Brain Penetrating and Dual TORC1/TORC2 Inhibitor, RES529, Elicits Anti-Glioma Activity and Enhances the Therapeutic Effects of Anti-Angiogenetic Compounds in Preclinical Murine Models Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101604 Authors: Giovanni Luca Gravina Andrea Mancini Alessandro Colapietro Simona Delle Monache Roberta Sferra Simona Pompili Flora Vitale Stefano Martellucci Francesco Marampon Vincenzo Mattei Leda Biordi David Sherris...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1602: Prognostic Implication of pAMPK Immunohistochemical Staining by Subcellular Location and Its Association with SMAD Protein Expression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101602 Authors: Minsun Jung Jeong Hoon Lee Cheol Lee Jeong Hwan Park Yu Rang Park Kyung Chul Moon Although cytoplasmic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been known as a tumor-suppressor protein, nuclear AMPK is suggested to support clear...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1601: Exploiting ING2 Epigenetic Modulation as a Therapeutic Opportunity for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11101601 Authors: Alice Blondel Amine Benberghout Rémy Pedeux Charles Ricordel Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, over the last few decades. Survival remains extremely poor in the metastatic setting and, consequently, innovative therapeutic strategies are urgently...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Purpose: Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Skin-directed treatments often improve but do not cure MF skin lesions. The purpose of this study was to 1) assess whether remission was associated with malignant T cell clone depletion at treated sites using either low dose radiation therapy (LDRT, 8 Gy) or topical steroids and 2) assess whether a clone-ablative therapy, like LDRT, is associated with overall survival in high-risk early-stage CTCL patients. Experimental...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 18:02
Purpose: Biomarkers for disease specific survival (DSS) in early stage melanoma are needed to select patients for adjuvant immunotherapy and accelerate clinical trial design. We present a pathology-based computational method using a deep neural network architecture for DSS prediction. Experimental design: The model was trained on 108 patients from four institutions and tested on 104 patients from Yale School of Medicine (YSM). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated based on...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 18:02
Purpose: Induction chemotherapy results in complete remission (CR) rates of 20% to 50% among poor-risk AML patients. Selinexor is an oral selective inhibitor of nuclear export with promising single-agent activity. By inhibiting the primary export protein, XPO1, selinexor localizes and activates tumor suppressor proteins in the nucleus and inhibits DNA-damage repair, rationalizing combination with DNA-damaging agents. Experimental Design: This was a single-arm phase 1 clinical trial of selinexor combined...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 18:02
Purpose: Response rates to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB; anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA-4) correlate with the extent of tumor immune infiltrate but the mechanisms underlying the recruitment of T cells following therapy are poorly characterized. A greater understanding of these processes may see the development of therapeutic interventions that enhance T cell recruitment and, consequently, improved patient outcomes. We therefore investigated the chemokines essential for immune cell recruitment and subsequent...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 18:02
Purpose: Peripheral T-cell lymphomas are clinically aggressive and usually fatal, as few complete or durable remissions are achieved with currently available therapies. Recent evidence supports a critical role for lymphoma-associated macrophages during T-cell lymphoma progression, but the specific signals involved in the cross-talk between malignant T-cells and their microenvironment are poorly understood. Colony-stimulator factor 1 receptor (CSF1R, CD115) is required for the homeostatic survival...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 18:02
Purpose: Inherited pathogenic variants in genes encoding the metabolic enzymes succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and fumarate hydratase (FH) predispose to tumour development through accumulation of oncometabolites (succinate and fumarate respectively) (1). Non-invasive in vivo detection of tumour succinate by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) has been reported in SDH-deficient tumours but the potential utility of this approach in the management of patients with hereditary leiomyomatosis...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 18:02
Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Mon Oct 21, 2019 10:00
Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive brain tumour in adults with a median overall survival of only 14 months after standard therapy with radiation therapy (IR) and temozolomide (TMZ). In a novel mult...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Abstract Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers; owning to its late detection and chemoresistance, understanding the pathogenesis of this malignant tumor is much critical. Previous studies have reported that ubiquitin-specific peptidase 39 (USP39) is generally overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer and so forth. Furthermore, USP39 is proved to be associated with the proliferation of malignant tumors. However,...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
Abstract Purpose Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use increases in cancer patients, including adult patients with diffuse gliomas. Methods Questionnaires addressing CAM use were distributed to adult patients with gliomas of WHO grades II-IV and ECOG performance score of 0–2 during hospital visits and filled in anonymously. The study was conducted...
Mon Oct 21, 2019 03:00
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